5A语法知识讲解与练习.doc

5A语法知识讲解与练习一、 现在进行时 当表示现在正在进行或正在发生的动作时，通常用现在进行时表示。（1）肯定句 构成： 主语 + be (am / is / are) + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他)（2）否定句：Be 动词(am, is, are)后加not.He is not making cakes. 他不在做蛋糕。（3）一般疑问句：Be 动词提到句首，句号变问号，如Is he making cakes? 他正在做蛋糕吗？ Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.现在分词的构成：（1）一般在动词末尾加ing,如： think thinking stand standing（2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate skating （3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： put putting run-running swim swimming 注： 一般现在时 与 现在进行时 比较： I have breakfast at about six thirty. 我大约六点三十吃早饭。 I am having breakfast now. 我现在在吃早饭。例题：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 二、can（情态动词）句型 表示表示某某人的能力，会如何如何 基本句型： 肯定句 人称 + can + 动词原型 否定句 人称 + cannot +动词原型 cannot=cant例题：1.你会（做）什么？我会游泳。What can you ? I can . 2. 他会弹吉他吗？不，他不会。Can he the guitar ? No, he .三、like (一般现在时)句型 表示个人喜好的句子1.like + 名词（同一类东西用名词复数，具体某物看情况单复数）2.like + doing sth. like watching TV 喜欢看电视 like swimming 喜欢游泳例题： What do you like? I like .(猴子) What do they like? They like that . (风筝) David likes football . Do you like football? Yes, I do.四、第三人称单数情况 have has 选择: 一般现在时的肯定句中， 主语是第三人称单数用has 这类主语有 He /She/It 外还有类似 Miss Li /My brother /Liu Tao /The doctor /The cat等。其他情况都用have. 主语是第三人称单数时，在一般现在时的特殊疑问句中，助动词应为does，has 应恢复为 have. 即不能说： What do he has? 而应为：What does he have? 例题： 1. My parents some fruit .What you ? I some drinks. 2. Mr Black a stove . What Nancy ? She a blanket. 3. My dog big eyes . These rabbits long ears.五、人称代词的宾格 Show me your book. 给我看你的书Show your book to me. 把你的书给我看看 Can you show us your new watch？你能否把你的新手表给我们看看？（注意动词show后面的代词用宾格代词us 而不是we,介词to也是）I you he she it we you theyme you him her it us you them 例题：用词的正确形式填空 1. Let (I) show (you) how to (make)a cake. 2. Miss Li is teaching (they) about shapes. 3. Sometimes (he) likes showing (he) pictures to (we).综合练习：用所给的词的适当形式填空1.Listen, Jim _(sing) an English song in the music room.2.Its two oclock in the afternoon. We _ _ (have) an English class now.3.I like _(sing).She _(like)_(dance).4.Look, They _ _ (play) football in the playground.5.Liu Tao can (swim).6.How many (child) are there in your class? There (be) thirty.7.Id like _(buy) some (peach) in the supermarket.8.Let (we) (help) (she) with (she) homework.9.We _(want) (go) (fish).10.There (be) some milk in the bottle. 12.I want to _(buy) some interesting books at the bookshop13.There (be) some (knife) and ( fork) in the cupboard. 14. (be) there (some) bread in the fridge? No, there .15.Today is the _(one) day of the new term. 16.There any (st