三大从句讲解.ppt

从句 clause 名词性从句 substantiveclauses 主语从句subjectclause 宾语从句objectclause 表语从句predicativeclause 同位语从句appositiveclause 定语从句 attributiveclause 形容词性从句状语从句 adverbialclause 副词性从句 时间 地点 条件 结果 目的 原因 让步 方式等等 Forexample IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionofmyown Ifoundthewalletwhereyouleftit Shesangasshewalkedhomealltheway Manypeople asyouknow arelearingforeignlanguages Herhouse whichwasbuiltahundredyearsago stoodstillintheearthquake Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameswastrue Itwasobviousthatyou vemadeabigmistake Hewilltalktousaboutwhathesawintheschool Helooksasifhewasgoingtocry Forexample IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionofmyown Ifoundthewalletwhereyouleftit Shesangasshewalkedhomealltheway Manypeople asyouknow arelearingforeignlanguages Herhouse whichwasbuiltahundredyearsago stoodstillintheearthquake Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameswastrue Itwasobviousthatyou vemadeabigmistake Hewilltalktousaboutwhathesawintheschool Helooksasifhewasgoingtocry 引导词particle 1 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类 连接词 that whether if 不充当从句的任何成分 连接代词 what whatever who whoever whom whose which连接副词 when where how why 2 引导定语从句的连接词关系代词 that which who whom whose as等关系副词 where when why等3 引导状语从句的连接词 时间状语从句 when as while assoonas before after since 地点状语从句常用引导词 where wherever 原因状语从句 because inthat as 目的状语从句 sothat inorderthat 结果状语从句 so that such that 条件状语从句 if unless 让步状语从句 though although evenif eventhough 引导定语从句的关系副词关系副词 When on in during which where on in infrontof which Why forwhich 如何选用定语从句的关系词1 首先分清主句和定语从句2 确定定语从句的先行词3 把先行词带回到定语从句中去 看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分 主语 宾语 定语或状语 4 若先行词在从句中做主语 宾语或定语则选择关系代词 若在从句中做状语 则选择关系副词 1 who whom whose that用法区别 who作定语从句的主语或宾语 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker whom作定语从句的宾语 Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语 可省略 Themanwho thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker Thewoman whom that theywantedtovisitisateacher whose作定语从句的定语 Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher 2 which that的用法 which作定语从句的主语或宾语 可省略 Thisisatruckwhich thatismadeinChina Ilikethebook which that youboughtyesterday 3 只能用that的情况 TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 I vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme 先行词被every some no all any little much等修饰时 Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue everything something nothing all anything little much等不定代词作先行词时 Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday whoistheworkerthattooksomephotosofthefactory 主句已有who和which时只能用that 主句已有who或which时 I veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow 当先行词同时指人和物时 4 关系代词前有介词时 介词提前 指人只用whom 指物只用which Thisistheboywithwhomhetalked Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars 以when作为例子1 名词性从句Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried 主语从句常用it做形式主语 而将主语从句置于句末 Theproblemiswhenwewillstart It suptoyoudecidewhenwewillstart Ihavenoideawhenhewillback 2 状语从句JamespretendedtobedeafwhenIspoketohim Iwasabouttoleavemyofficewhenthetelephonerang Whenthewindblows allthedoorsrattle Comewhenyouareready Shestoppedtrying whenshemightsucceednexttime 3 定语从句when引导定语从句表示时间 在定语从句中做状语 它的先行词是表示时间的名词如theday thedays thetime theyear等1980wastheyearwhenhewasborn I llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedwithyou 练习 1 TheEnglishplay mystudentsactedattheNewYear spartywasagreatsuccess A forwhichB atwhichC inwhichD onwhich2 Rosesneedspecialcare theycanlivethroughwinter A becauseB sothatC evenifD as3 Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear 80 aresoldabroad A ofwhichB whichofC ofthemD ofthat 4 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo A howB afterC whatD when5 thiscompanyhasdoneseemstobeinagreementwithwhatthegovernmenthascalledfor A ThatB HowC WhetherD What 6 Fortunatelywehadamap without wewouldhavegotlost A whichB itC thatD what7 TheGreatWallisthelastplace Mr smithisgoingtovisitbeforeheleavesBeijing A whereB whichC D what 8 Ishallneverforgetthoseyears Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers hasagreateffectonmylife A that whichB when whichC which thatD when who9 Idon tliketheway yous