学术英语视听说第二册Lesson1.ppt

1 ThePopulation TOPICPREVIEW BEFORELISTENING LISTENING AFTERLISTENING EXPANSION TravelersarriveatGrandCentralTerminalinNewYork Answerthefollowingquestionswithapartneroryourclassmates DothepeopleyouseeinthepictureherematchyourideaofthekindsofpeoplewholiveintheUnitedStates Inwhatways DoyouthinktherearemoreoldpeopleormoreyoungpeopleintheUnitedStates WouldyouguessthattheU S populationhasincreasedordecreasedsincethecensusin2010 Why VOCABULARYPREVIEW VOCABULARYPREVIEW Readthroughthesentencesbelow inwhichsomewordsaremissingaccordingtothelecture Asyouread trytoimaginewhichwordswouldfitintheblanks Thenlistentothesentencesandwritethemissingwordsintheblanks AudioTrack2 1 1 a 1 Mostcountriestakeacensusevery10yearsorsoinordertocountthepeopleandtoknowwheretheyareliving 2 Acountrywithagrowingpopulationisacountrythatisbecomingmorepopulous 3 Aperson sraceispartlydeterminedbyskincolorandtypeofhairaswellasotherphysicalcharacteristics 4 ThemajorityoftheU S populationisofEuropeanorigin 5 Thegeographicaldistributionofacountry spopulationgivesinformationaboutwherethepeopleareliving 6 ManydifferentkindsofpeoplecomprisethetotalU S population Inotherwords peopleofdifferentracesandagesmakeupthepopulation Readthroughthesentencesbelow inwhichsomewordsaremissingaccordingtothelecture Asyouread trytoimaginewhichwordswouldfitintheblanks Thenlistentothesentencesandwritethemissingwordsintheblanks VOCABULARYPREVIEW AudioTrack2 1 1 b 7 ThemedianageoftheU S population whichisarelativelylargeone hasbeengettingprogressivelyhigherrecently 8 Metropolitanareasaremoredenselypopulatedthanruralareas Thatis theyhavemorepeoplepersquaremile 9 IwanttodiscussthedistributionoftheU S populationintermsofageandgender 10 Infact statistically womengenerallylivelongerthanmenworldwide 11 Acountrywhosebirthrateishigherthanitsdeathratewillhaveanincreasingpopulation 12 Ontheaverage womenhaveahigherlifeexpectancythanmendo VOCABULARYPREVIEW Checkthespellingofthevocabularywordswithyourteacher Discussthemeaningsofthesewordsandanyotherunfamiliarwordsinthesentences 1 Mostcountriestakeacensusevery10yearsorsoinordertocountthepeopleandtoknowwheretheyareliving 2 Acountrywithagrowingpopulationisacountrythatisbecomingmorepopulous 3 Aperson sraceispartlydeterminedbyskincolorandtypeofhairaswellasotherphysicalcharacteristics 4 ThemajorityoftheU S populationisofEuropeanorigin 5 Thegeographicaldistributionofacountry spopulationgivesinformationaboutwherethepeopleareliving 6 ManydifferentkindsofpeoplecomprisethetotalU S population Inotherwords peopleofdifferentracesandagesmakeupthepopulation VOCABULARYPREVIEW Checkthespellingofthevocabularywordswithyourteacher Discussthemeaningsofthesewordsandanyotherunfamiliarwordsinthesentences 7 ThemedianageoftheU S population whichisarelativelylargeone hasbeengettingprogressivelyhigherrecently 8 Metropolitanareasaremoredenselypopulatedthanruralareas Thatis theyhavemorepeoplepersquaremile 9 IwanttodiscussthedistributionoftheU S populationintermsofageandgender 10 Infact statistically womengenerallylivelongerthanmenworldwide 11 Acountrywhosebirthrateishigherthanitsdeathratewillhaveanincreasingpopulation 12 Ontheaverage womenhaveahigherlifeexpectancythanmendo PREDICTIONS ThinkaboutthequestionsintheTopicPreviewandthesentencesyouheardintheVocabularyPreview Writethreequestionsthatyouthinkwillbeansweredinthelecture Shareyourquestionswithyourclassmates DothepeopleyouseeinthepictureherematchyourideaofthekindsofpeoplewholiveintheUnitedStates Inwhatways DoyouthinktherearemoreoldpeopleormoreyoungpeopleintheUnitedStates WouldyouguessthattheU S populationhasincreasedordecreasedsincethecensusin2010 Why NOTETAKINGPREPARATION NumberNotationDuringalecture youwillsometimesneedtowritedownmanynumbers Theymaybeexpressedaswholenumbers percentages fractions orratios Herearesomewaystowritethemasnumeralswhenyouaretakingnotes NOTETAKINGPREPARATION ListeningforKeyContentWordsUsekeywordstowritedowntheessentialinformationinalecture Itisneitherpossiblenornecessarytowriteeverywordyouhear Herearesometipsforchoosingkeywords Concentrateoncontentwords nouns verbs adjectives andadverbs Choosethemostimportantwordstoconveythemeaninginthefewestwordspossible Forexample youhear Youmayalsochoosetoputsomeinformationinyourownwords Forexample insteadofwritingconformitytosocialnorms youmightwritesocialconformity Culturally threecharacteristicsstandoutinthisperiod conformitytosocialnorms greatermaledominationofthefamilythaninthelaterperiods andverycleargenderroles thatis clearandseparaterolesformenandwomenathomeandatwork Youwrite 3characteristics socialconformity maledomination cleargenderroles home work NOTETAKINGPREPARATION Youwillheartennumbers Asyoulisten writetheminnotetakingforminthespacesbelow AudioTrack2 1 2 NOTETAKINGPREPARATION DiscourseCuesNumberthefollowingexcerptsfromthelecturefrom1to5intheorderthatyouthinkyouwillprobablyhearthem andwritethenumberonthelineprovidedbeforeeachcorrespondingexcerpt Discusswithapartnerorasaclassthediscoursecuesthathelpedyoufigureouttheorder FIRSTLISTENING Listentothebeginningofthelecture Circlethesetofnotesbelowthatbestrecordstheinformationyouhear AudioTrack2 1 3 FIRSTLISTENING Nowlistenandtakenotes Clickheretolistentotheintroductionofthelecture Clickthelecture svisualaidsinthefollowingtolistentodifferentpartsofthelectureandtakenotes AndatlastyoucanlistentothewholelecturebyclickingthebuttonunderAudioTrack2 1 4 AudioTrack2 1 4 Subtopic3 PopulationbyAgeandGender Subtopic1 PopulationbyRaceandOrigin Subtopic2 PopulationbyGeographicalDistribution SECONDLISTENING Listentothelectureagainandmakeyournotesascompleteaspossible 72 4 ofpop white 12 6 black 4 8 Asian NtvHwn pacfcislanders0 2 NtvAm0 9 2 9 mixof2 races 6 2 smothrace Hisp16 3 Subtopic1 PopulationbyRaceandOrigin AudioTrack2 1 4 a SECONDLISTENING Listentothelectureagainandmakeyournotesascompleteaspossible AudioTrack2 1 4 b Subtopic2 PopulationbyGeographicalDistribution CA 37m TEX 25m NY 19m FL 19m ILL 13m 50 popinS W Emoredense83 pplliveinmetrareas e g LA NY Chicg Huston 2 10liveinruralareas SECONDLISTENING Listentothelectureagainandmakeyournotesascompleteaspossible AudioTrack2 1 4 c Subtopic3 PopulationbyAgeandGender 2010census 5m W MinUSReasons M deathrt 2010 lifeexpW 80 8yrs M 75 7yrsWlivlongerthanMwrldwide 2011 avrglifexpwrld69 F 65 MLifexpinoth5mstpopcountries Ch 75yrs Ind67 Indnsia71 Br72 5 Pkst70 MedageUSpop 35 3in2000 37 2in2010 slowbutsteadyReason birthrt lifexpwhlpop THIRDLISTENING Youwillhearpartofthelectureagain Listenandcompletethenotesbyaddingtheinformationfromthebox 5mostpopstates CA37M TEX25M NY19M FL19M ILL13M 50 popinS W ButE moredensepop 83 inmetroareas LA NY Chicago Houston 2 10inruralareas AudioTrack2 1 5 THIRDLISTENING Compareyouranswerswithapartner ThencomparethenotesinAwiththenotesyoutookforthispartofthelecture Listentothefollowingquestions andwriteshortanswers Useyournotes Youwillheareachquestiononetimeonly ACCURACYCHECK AudioTrack2 1 6 Checkyouranswerswithyourteacher Ifyourscoreislessthan70percent youmayneedtolistentothelectureagainandrewritesomeofyournotes ACCURACYCHECK AudioTrack2 1 6 Useyournotestocreateanoralsummaryofthelecturewithyourpartner Asyouworktogether adddetailstoyournotesthatyourpartnerincludedbutyouhadmissedout ORALSUMMARY Discussthefollowingquestionswithaclassmateorinasmallgroup DISCUSSION Whatpointsinthelecturesurprisedyou Why InwhatwaysdoyouthinktheU S populationwillchangeinthefuture Whatpopulationproblemsdoothercountriesyouknowaboutface forexample intermsofraces age ornumberofmalesandfemales Whatpopulationissuesmightbecomemoreimportantastheworldmovestowardapopulationof8billionpeople PRE READING ThefollowingReadingisaboutpopulationtrends Beforeyouread answerthefollowingquestions Shareyouranswerswithaclassmate ThelecturewasabouttheU S population Lookatthetitleofthearticle Whatpopulationwillitbeabout Howdoyouthinktheauthorseesthatpopulationchanging InwhatwaysdoyouthinkworldwidepopulationtrendsmightbesimilartoU S populationtrends Inwhatwaysmighttheydiffer READING Nowreadthearticle Asof2009 therewere6 8billionpeopleintheworld Thisistwicethenumberofthepopulationin1960 andfourtimesasmanyas100yearsago Asaresult moreandmoreplacesontheglobeareincrediblycrowded Thisisespeciallytrueofcitiesalongthecoasts wheremoreandmorepeoplearesettling Yetafullcitytodaycanmeananemptyvillage CrowdingOurPlanet READING ortownacrossthecountry orontheothersideoftheworld Ourgrowthhastakenplaceinsurprisingways Thehumanpopulationcontinuestoexpandbymorethan200 000peopleeveryday Therearemorethan1billionteenagersintheworldtodaywhowillsoonbehavingchildren Asaresult wecanexpecttheboominbirthstocontinueforalongtime TheUNestimatesthattheglobalpopulationwillreach9 2billionbythemiddleofthiscentury Eventhatenormousnumbermaybetoosmall however sinceitisbasedonthetheorythatfamilysizeswilldropthroughoutdevelopingregions atheorythatmaynotturnouttobetrue FromthecrowdedstreetsofLagosandMumbai Bombay tothesuburbsoftheUnitedStates todisappearingtropicalforestsaroundtheworld theharmfuleffectsofmorepeoplethantheplanetcancomfortablysupportareobviousalmostanywherewelook READING Notallcountriesgrowthesame ofcourse Almostalloftheexpectedpopulationincreaseinthenearfuturewillcomeindevelopingcountries IntheadvancedeconomiesinmuchofEurope however whererapidgrowthstartedwiththeindustrialrevolutiontwocenturiesago andinKorea Japan andelsewhere nationalpopulationsarestableor insomecases areevengettingsmaller Thisbringschallengesofitsown asnewergenerationsstruggletocareforandsupporttheirelders Humanityisalsoonthemoveasneverbefore Morethan3percentof READING theglobalpopulation morethan200millionpeople liveoutsidetheircountryofbirth Manymillionsmorehavemoved orbeenmoved withintheirhomeborders Ournumbersandourmobility togetherwithimprovedcommunication allmakeEarthseemsmaller evenasourimpactonitgrowslargereveryday Ifwearetopreservethebiologicalwealthofourplanetandincreasethewell beingofitspeople wemustfirstunderstandhowandwhyourownpopulationischanging DISCUSSION Discussthesequestionswithaclassmate Basedonwhatyouknow whichcountriesorregionsmentionedinthearticlehavepopulationsthataremostsimilartothepopulationoftheUnitedStates Whicharetheleastsimilar WhichoftheU S populationtrendsmentionedinthelecturearealsotruefortheworldpopulation Discussraceandorigin geographicdistribution andageandgender Whatproblemsrelatedtopopulationarementionedinthearticle WhichoftheseproblemsapplytotheUnitedStates PURSUINGTHETOPIC Explorethetopicofthislessonfurtherbydoingthefollowing In