模块三 Unit1.docx

模块三 Unit1Language Points I1.sense n.感觉，感观 vt.感觉到a sense of _ 听觉make sense有意义，讲得通There is no/a lot of sense in doing sth. 做某事没有/很有道理e.g. In a world, I dont think what you said _ at all.A. makes sense B. makes no sense C. is of little importance D. has a sense2. observe vt.观察，注意到，观察到；遵守；庆祝observer _ observation n. 观察，注意observe sb. do sth./doing sth. (用法同see)e.g. 1)Everyone should _. 人人都得遵守交通法规。2)Some people here _.在这儿有些人过圣诞节。3)The police _ the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。3. glance vi./n. 瞥，扫视辨析：glance at （不经意地）瞥一眼；匆匆一瞥 glare at 怒目而视 stare at 凝视，目不转睛地看 look at 看一看e.g. 1)He _ the envelope and recognized his uncles handwriting. 他瞥了一眼那个信封，认出是他叔叔的笔迹。2)Suddenly he saw two eyes _ out of the darkness. 突然他看见有两只眼睛从黑暗处瞪着他。3)Tom _, full of fear. 汤姆盯着脚印看，满怀恐惧。4. deserted adj.空无一人的，被遗弃的e.g. _ 空无一人的街道辨析：desert n. 沙漠，荒原 desert vt. 遗弃，放弃，逃跑 dessert n. 餐后甜点5. sight n.视野，视力，视觉in/within sight 在视线之内out of sight 在视线之外catch sight of 看见 lose sight of 看不见e.g. 1)If these animals notice the people, _. 如果这些动物注意到人群，它们会很快跑得无影无踪。2)Out of sight, out of mind. _.6. fear n./vt.害怕，恐惧fear sth./to do sth. 以免，唯恐for fear of/for fear that e.g.1）_. 她怕在他的面前说话。 2）_. 我们轻声谈话，以免吵醒婴儿。 3）-It is too dark, and there is no residents nearby. -Never _.A. fear B. frightened C. afraid D. terrified7. still adj.静止的，不动的 adv.仍然，依旧辨析：calm quiet silente.g. 1)Stop talking, you must keep _.2)Its just an easy test. Keep _.3)I will take a photo of you. Keep _.8. reach out 伸出reach out ones hand for sth. 伸手拿某物within ones reach=within the reach of sb. 在某人够得着的范围内out of/beyond ones reach=out of/beyond the reach of sb. 在某人够不着的范围内e.g. 1）_.他伸手接我给他的书。2）I like to have my reference books _. 我喜欢把参考书放在我伸手可取的范围内。3）She keeps medicines on the top shelf, out of the childrens _.A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place9. pay back 报答，偿还（借款）pay sth. off 全部偿还，偿清 (vt.)pay sb. off 付清某人工资并解雇 (vt.)pay off 带来好的结果，成功，行得通 (vi.)e.g.1)You can pay back the loan over a period of three years. _.2) _.他付清全体船员的工资并将他们解雇。3) _.最终他还清了所有债务。4)Your effort is sure to pay off. _.10. freeze vt./vi. 结冰，冷冻；呆住，僵住be frozen with 由于而呆住freezing-point 冰点，凝固点freezing cold 极其寒冷freeze sb. to death 把某人冻死e.g. 1）_.温度整天都在冰点以下。2）We ate some of the fruits and _.我们吃了一些水果，把剩下的冷藏起来。3）The lake was frozen over until late spring. _.4）On a _ cold night, the little match girl was _ to death in a street corner.A. frozen; frozen B. freezing; freezing C. frozen; freezing D. freezing; frozen11. confidently adv.自信地，信心十足地_ adj. 自信的 _ n. 自信12. experiment n. 实验，试验_/_/_ an experiment 做实验13. change n.变化 v.改变，变化e.g.1）_. / _. 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。2）Can you change a five-pound note? _.3）A persons voice _ electrical signals. 人的声音被转变成电子信号。4）_.他想把昨天买的上衣换成一件大一点的。14. add vt.补充说，补充，添加add sth. to sth. 把某物添加到某物上add to 增加，增添add up to 总计共达e.g.1）_? 我可以把你的名字加进名单吗？2）“And dont be late,” _. “还有别迟到。”她补充说道。3）_.恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难。4）_.这些数字的总和恰巧是100。15. make the most of 充分利用=_e.g.1)The speaker talked about the use that he _ the used newspaper.A. made up B. made of C. made from D. made for 2)The manager of the company told us that the very little _ was made of the waste material in the past.A. cost B. value C. use D. matter16. everyday adj.每天的，日常的 _ 每天 _ adj.每个人的 _ 每个人17. ignore vt.忽视 _ adj.无知的，不知道的 _ n. 无知be ignorant of/about 对不知道1）_. 他们忽视了交通规则。2）He was driving very fast because he was _ the fact that there was a speed limit.他因为不知道有时速限制而把车开得很快。18. deeply adv.深深地（抽象） deep adv.深地（具体）e.g. The man hurt her _.To find water, youd better dig _.19. impossible adj.不可能的 _ adj.可能的 _ n.可能性It is (im)possible thatThere is a/no possibility that20. make progress in 在方面取得进步e.g. _.由于她的努力，这个女孩在英语学习方面取得了巨大进步。21. temporarily adv.临时地，暂时地 _ adj.临时的，暂时的22. accept vt.接受，接纳 accept与receive的区别？_（用receive/accept填空）1） We must _ the criticism.2） The letter I _ yesterday was from my sister.3） The headmaster _ your proposal, but I dont know whether hell _ it or not.4） Xiao Wang was _ as a league member last week.5） He was warmly _ yesterday morning.6） He _ a serious wound.23. type n.类型，型号 vt.打字_ n. 打字员24. chance n.可能性；机率，机会have a chance of doing sth. 有做的可能性have a chance to do sth. 有机会做e.g. _.如果你努力学习，你就有机会进入著名的大学。25. feed on 以.为食，吃feed _- _ e.g. The northerners feed on wheat while the southerners feed on rice. _。26. latter adj.后者的 n.后者_ 前者27. distance n.距离 distant adj.遥远的，远隔的in the distance 在远处from a distance 从远处e.g. 1）_？太阳与地球之间距离多远？2）_.从远处，我可以看见他们在挥手。28. avoid vt.避开，避免_ 避免做某事avoidable adj.可避免的avoidance n.逃避，回避e.g.1）Learn from past mistakes and avoid future ones. _。2）He tried to avoid meeting her because she always bored him. _。Language points II1.The city was already covered in a grey mist.be covered in/with*Cover in 完全盖起The ground is covered with snow.2. wonder1) vt. 想知道I wonder who he is/what he wants/why he is late/(if)whether he will come/whose it is.I was wondering how to get there quickly/where to spend the weekend.2) vi. 感到惊奇；惊愕；惊叹 wonder at sthI dont wonder at her refusing to marry him.Its not to be wondered at. 那不足为奇n. 1) 惊奇；惊愕；惊叹 No wonder you were so late. 难怪你来得那么迟。2）奇迹；奇观Walking on the moon is one of the wonders of our times.What a wonder! 多么令人惊奇。Adj. wonderful3. Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.*once out in the street 一到外面的街上=As soon as/when she was out in the street.*Once 的其他用法adv. 1) 一次2）曾经；从前 （常用于句中）He once lived in Persia.3)Conj. 一旦 as soon asOnce you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.4. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.*That the fog is too - 是一个表语从句*Too-(for sb) to- 太-而不能-Its too hot to work.*That far 那么远 that可以作副词，修饰形容词或副词，表示程度Im sorry. I hadnt realized the situation was that bad.对不起，我没料到情况有那么糟。知识链接this adv. 到此程度；如此 也可修饰形容词或副词，表示程度Its about this high. 大约有这么高Can you spare me this much? 你能不能匀给我这么多？A fog this bad is rare.5. .she sensed that she was being watched by.她感觉到。Sense用法小结1)本句 vt. 觉得；感知；了解；明白He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.2.n. 感觉，知觉* come to ones senses 醒悟；心智恢复健全*bring sb. to his senses 使醒悟；心智恢复健全* out of sense失去理性* out of senses精神错乱*a sense of humour 幽默感 a sense of direction 方向感*in a sense 在某种意义上What you say is true in a sense在某种意义上，你说的是实话。*make sense有意义What you say doesnt make sense/makes no sense 你的话毫无意义。*make sense of sth 懂；了解其含义Can you make sense of this poem? 你懂得这首诗的含义吗？6. glance vi. 匆匆一看；瞥视 *Glance at/over/through/round*glance at the clock 匆匆看一下钟*glance over/through a letter 匆匆阅读一信*glance round:vt. 环顾周围7it was deserted.空无一人*复习.desertn. 沙漠；荒地 adj. 荒凉的；不毛的Vt. Vi. 离开；放弃；抛弃；废弃 deserted adj.The street was deserted. 街上行人绝迹。We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut. 我们在一个空无人住的茅屋里躲暴风雨。8. There was no one in sight.*In/within sight 能看见 * out of sight of sth 看不见*catch sight of 发现；看到 *lose sight of 再也看不见*keep sight of/keep sb/sth in sight 将-保持在视线之内；照看；监视*at first sight 初见；乍看 at (the) sight of 一看见-就At sight of the police officers the men ran off.9. set off开始（旅程，赛跑等）；出发set out 出发；启程set sb/sth back 拨回；阻碍；挫折 set about sth开始；着手set sth. apart/aside 拨出；留下将来使用10. by the time she reached the corner of the street,* by the time 到-时间By the time he was eighteen years old, he had traveled to most of the countries in Europe.比较: By the time he was eighteen years old, he traveled to most of the countries in Europe.其他：By the time you get there, it will be dark.11.Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face and she heardin her ear sayingsorry”.* feel sb/sth do/doing *hear sb/sth do/doing*brush n. 刷子；画笔 vt.vi. 用刷子刷；刷亮；拂拭*ear * be all ears 专心倾听 * (have) a word in sb.s ear 私下说出一事May I have a word in your ear? 我可以和你私下谈句话吗？Turn a deaf ear (to) 拒绝帮助1.leave home离开家2.be covered in(with).为。笼罩3.leave work下班4.step out into.出去走进。5.toofor sb to do sth 太。以至于（某人）做某事6.take an Underground train 乘地铁7.a tall man in a dark coat一个穿黑外套的高个子男人8.set off towards .向。进发9.by the time.到。时候10.beat with fear 由于害怕而跳11.a minute before 刚才12.a few minutes later 没过几秒鈡13.hold sb still 使某人一动不动14.find sb doing sth 发觉某人不知不觉地做某事16.with ones hand resting on sb. elses arm.(用with 结构表示)手搭在某人的胳膊上17.live at 86 King Street/live in King Street住在国王大街86号/国王大街18.take ones hand 抓住某人的手19.hold ones hand firmly 握紧某人的手20.watch out for 。留心。21.a fog this/that bad 这样/那样糟糕的雾22.pay back the help 回报/报答帮助Reading(2)Language points III1. She wondered if the buses would still be running.(L.5)wonder后加if引导的宾语从句，可换成whetherwonder: want to know vt. 想知道 n.奇迹 _七大奇迹 _ adj. 神奇的，伟大的2. Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.(L.7)once conj. 一就 后面省略she was =as soon as (she was)3. the truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.(L.10)tooto 太而不能第2个that做副词用，“那么”e.g. _.这个题目对我来说太难了做不出来。_ adv.这么_. 不要在外面待得这么晚。4. As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watched.（L.14）sense: feel/realize be being done 现在进行时的被动语态e.g.1) I could sense her anger. _。2) -Have you moved into the new classroom?-No, it _(paint).5. nowhere to be seen 到处都看不见（L.17） _到处都找不到6. set off towards(L.20)set sail for/to 7. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face and she heard a mans voice in her ear saying”Sorry.”(L.22)a rough hand rough adj.粗糙的；高低不平的；波涛汹涌的saying 伴随状语8.but fear held her still.(L.27)hold 使.保持某种状态 +宾语+宾补 握着，拿着；举办（hold a party）;容纳9. Polly found herself staring up at a man standing with his hand resting on her arm.(L.31)find oneself +v-ing/prep.-phrase 不知不觉干.，发现自己.with his hand resting on her arm with的复合结构 with+宾语+宾补e.g. _.那个醉汉早上醒来发现自己躺在大街上。The teacher entered the classroom, with a book _. 老师手拿一本书走进了教室。I cant go out, with a lot of homework _. 我不能出去，因为有许多作业要做。With the old man _, we had no trouble in finding her house. 有那位老人带路，我们毫不费力地就找到了她的房子。Dont talk with your mouth _. 不要嘴里含着东西讲话。10.watch out for小心(L.37)watch out =be careful =take caree.g. _.过马路的时候要小心车辆。11.Ah, twenty! A nice age to be.(L.42)省略句，补全是Twenty is a nice age to be!12.the grateful helper(L.48)grateful adj.感激的，热心的be grateful to sb. for sth.13.It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when its sunny.(L.53)pay back 回报that引导定语从句，修饰help.14.weather forecast/weather report 天气预报15.turn to 转向; 向寻求帮助e.g. _.大街上空无一人，没有人可以寻求帮助。l 名词性从句中的连接词有:*连词: that / whether / if;*连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，*连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。1、名词性从句的定义名词性从句指在句子中起名词作用的句子。2、名词从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。3、引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词： whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分) ，that,（不充当从句的任何成分，无词义）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which连接副词：when, where, how, why4、名词性that-从句1）由从属连词that 引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That 只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语。例如：That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。（主语）John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去（宾语）The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。（表语）The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. （同位语）近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。2）that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。Its a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。名词性从句在句子中的作用和名词或者名词短语是一样的。1. 主语从句: 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主语谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。e.g. Who did that is known to all. 大家都知道是谁做的。That the earth is round is a fact.Whether we will go camping depends on the weather.It used to be thought that the earth was square.注意：1） 主语从句中的that不能省略2） If引导的主语从句不可位于句首3） What引导主语从句在句中充当成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不充当任何成分。e.g. What you said yeaterday is right.(what在从句中作宾语)4) it作形式主语与it 引导强调句的区别。e.g. It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.It was in the morning that the murder took place.It was John that broke the window.2.宾语从句：宾语从句就是在复合句中充当宾语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词和某些形容词之后作宾语。It可以作形式宾语。e.g. He said that he felt much better.This depends on whether he is interested in this job.Im certain that he is at home now.She asked what we should do next.They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important job.注意：1）介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导。2）否定转移一些动词think, consider suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等后的宾语从句含有否定意义，且主句的主语是第一人称，一般要把否定词转移到主句的谓语上，从句谓语用肯定形式。e.g.I dont think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服你穿不合适。3.表语从句：表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。其引导词一般不能省略。e.g. The question is that Im also short of money.It looks as if it is going to rain.注意：1）that在表语从句中起连接词的作用，没有实际意义，不做句子成分，that不能省略。2）引导表语从句时，用whether,不能用if。3）Reason后的表语从句用that引导。e.g. The reason why we dont trust him is that he often lies.4.同位语从句：在句中作同位语。可接同位语从句的名词有：fact,hope,idea,information,news,problem,question,reason,result,story,thought,truth等。e.g. The news that our team has won is true.The fact that we succeeded pleased everybody.注意：同位语从句中的that在同位语中不充当任何成分，是从属连词，不可省略。Language points IV1. compare to/with与。相比较 Compare this sentence with that one, and youll see the difference./ Shanghai is large compared with/to Suzhou.2. drown vi. 淹死；淹没 Six people drowned when the ship sank 比较 a drowned man/ a drowning man3.avoid vt. 避开；防止发生某事物 I think hes avoiding me./ Try to