高二英语【被动语态】.doc

广 州 学 乐 教 育被动语态讲解 学生姓名 陈景琦 就读年级 高二 授课日期 2014.4. 16 教研院审核 课前一测1. When I got to his office, I _ that he_ out.A. told, had been B. was told, was C. had told, was D. was told, had been2. The vegetables dont taste very good. They _ for too long.A. cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. have been cooked3. The anti-Japanese war _ in 1937 and it _ eight years.A. was broken, lasted B. broke out, lasted C. break out, lasted D. broke out, was lasted4. She was heard _ an English song.A. to sing B. sing C. sang D. to be sang5. These boxes are very heavy _ _.A. to be carried B. carry C. carried D. be carrying6. The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.A. had been broken into, had been stolen B. has broken into, has been stolenC. had been broken into, stolen D. has broken into, has stolen7. Coal can _ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.A. have used B. used C. be used D. use8. John has never dreamt of _.A. taken to Athens B. taking to Athens C. be taking to Athens D. being taken to Athens9. Nobody likes _.A. laughed at B. laughing at C. being laughed at D. being laughed10. The bridge _ will be completed next year.A. built B. being built C. is being built D. building 被动语态1. 概念：当句子的表达强调动作的承受者时，我们使用被动语态。也即是主语是动作的承受者。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者； 被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。 例句：Tom（执行者） killed Jim（承受者）yesterday. （主动语态）Jim（承受者） was killed by Tom（执行者）yesterday. （被动语态）各种时态的被动语态结构(重点，请牢记此表格)被动语态的基本形式：be +过去分词(及物动词)，即be done。其否定形式在be/助动词后加not。时态被动形式例句一般现在时amisare doneThe windows are cleaned every day.一般过去时waswere doneThe car was bought by me 2 days ago.一般将来时shall will be doneThe house shall/will be built by the people The house is going to be built by the people.现在进行时amisare being doneThe house is being built by the people now.过去进行时was / were being doneWhen I entered the room, the TV was being repaired by the worker.现在完成时 havehas been doneSupper has been cooked already.过去完成时had been doneBy the time I got home, the meal had been eaten up.含情态动词的主动句情态动词be doneThe house could be mended by the builders.情态动词：can/could/should/must/may/might/ought to注意事项：人称和数方面应与主语保持一致；不及物动词没有被动语态。主动语态 被动语态主动句： 动作的执行者（主语） + 谓语动词 + 动作的承受者（宾语） 被动句：动作的承受者（主语）+ be +动词的过去分词 + by +动作的执行者注意：有时 by短语可以省略。英语中，一般在以下几种情况下使用被动语态：1） 不知道动作的执行者是谁, 或者没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。2） 强调动作的承受者, 此时如想同时指出动作的执行者,可用“by +动作执行者”来表示。Eg: we must keep this in mind（主动语态） This must be kept in mind by us （被动语态）Eg: Jim is mending my bike now（主动语态） My bike is being mended by Jim now（被动语态）Eg:The robber robbed the bank （主动语态） The bank was robbed by the robber. （被动语态）例： Chinese _ by the largest number of people. A. speak B. is speaking C. speaks D. is spoken注意：不及物动词没有被动语态如：happen 、 take place、break out1带双宾语的被动语态形式 把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，如： She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. 把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或for, 如： She gave me a book. A book was given to me by her. She bought me a present. A present was bought for me by her.Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动语态）A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother.2.不及物动词+介词短语变被动语态应注意短语的整体性，即后面的介词不要丢掉。例：Tom often made fun of Jim. Jim was often made fun of by Tom.Lucy looks after her grandma everyday. Grandma is looked after by Lucy everydayShe will take good care of the children（变被动语态） The children will _ _ _ _ _ by her.3. 含有感官动词，see，watch, observe, feel和使役动词make, let等主动句变被动句时，省略的动词不定式符号to需要被还原。例如：My teacher made me do my homework (主动句) I was made to do my homework by my teacher. (被动句)。 I see Lucy sing every day. （主动句） Lucy is seen to sing every day. （被动句）Someone saw him swim in Qianlong Lake yesterday（变被动语态） He _ _ _ swim in Qianlong Lake yesterday4. 与被动语态相关的固定搭配。be made of 由什么制作(看得出材料) be made from由什么制作（看不出材料）be made in 在哪儿制作 be made by 被谁制造be used for doing sth 被用来做什么 be used to do sth 被用来做什么Your coat looks niceIs it _ cotton？YesIts _ Shanghai Amade of；made by Bmade of；made in Cmade for；made by Dmade for；made in 5.过去分词作后置定语与现在分词作后置定语的区别（重点） 过去分词做后置定语：被修饰的名词与动词属于 动宾关系（被动） 现在分词坐后置定语：被修饰的名词与动词属于 主谓关系（主动）例句：The school built ten years ago is destroyed by the flood yesterday. built与school是动宾关系 The man smoking is my father. man与smoking 是主谓关系 被动 演练1My TV set yesterdayA.Is repaired B.was repaired C.has been repired D.repaired 2Sometimes the rest of food into the fridge by herA.Put B.puts C.is put D.are put 3The pandas to the zoo tomorrow morningA .May be send B. may will sent C. may be sent is going to send4Your head a little hot. Youd better take temperature now A. feel B. fells C. is felt D. was felt5The boys copy the news word ten times before they went homeA、were made B. were made to C. was made D. was made to6、Mary C do morning exercises on the playground.A. Saw to B. was saw to C. was seen to D. was seen7、A man A cry for help last nightA. was heard to B. was heard C. was hear to D. heard 8、Great changes C in the village since then A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. Were taken place9、In the last few years, Beijing greatlyA. has changed B. has been changed C. was changed11. It is said that tigers _ in Asia year after year.A. are being disappeared B. are disappearing C. will be disappeared D. will disappear12. Im going to Wuhan tomorrow. Do you have anything _to your mother?A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking13. Take it easy. There is nothing _.A. to worry B . to be worriedC. to be worried about D. to worry about14. Your new computer will soon become outdated, because technology_so fast.A. is developed B. is being developed C. has been developed D. will developed15. I wont go to the party unless _.A. invited B. being invited C. be invited D. inviting16. The problem _ last week is very important.A. was discussed B. discussed C. being discussed D. be discussed17. We should keep the animals from _.A. be endangered B. endangering C. being endangered D. endangered18. There are no rivers _out of the Dead Sea.A. flowed B. flowing C. being flowed D. be flown19. This place has been destroyed. So there is no bamboo_for pandas to feed on.A. left B. leaving C. leave D. be left20. All the preparations for the task _ , and we are ready to start.A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed作业( ) 1 .The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1st, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( )3. This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4. This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5. New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 7 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( )8. A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C