while的用法62722.doc

While用法小结一、while作名词用，表示“一会儿”“一段时间”1.She likes toliedownforawhileafterlunch. 她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。2.Coming to another country to study requires a big adjustment and it takes a while to fit in.二、While作连词引导状语从句(1)引导时间状语(当.的期间）1.Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。2.Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio，shefellasleep.(2)引起让步状语从句，意思是“虽然但是.”、“尽管但是”(多放于句首)1.Whileheloveshisstudents，heisverystrictwiththem.2.Whiletheseexperimentsareinterestinganduseful，itisimportanttorememberthattheymaynotalwaystellusmuch.(3)引起条件状语，意思是“只要”1.Whilethereislife，thereishope.只要生命存在，就有希望。2.Whilethereisa will，thereis a way.有志者事竟成。三、While作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。而but表转折。注意用心比较体会while与but的句中用意1.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaventenough.2.Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome，whiletheparentswereworkinginthefields.3.Ioughttohavehelpedher，butInevercould.我本该帮她但没能。4.Honeyissweet，butthebeestings. 蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂有刺蜇人。四.while，when，as的用法区别1. 都译为“当的时候”，区别为：when后的从句谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是短暂性动词，而且还可作并列连词，译为“这时”。但以下句型一定用when，作并列连词：句型A：beabouttodowhen正要做这时(发生另一事)句型B：was/weredoingwhen正在这时(发生另一事)句型C：had just / almost / hardly donewhen刚做了一件事这时(发生另一事)1.Wewereabouttosetoutwhenitbegantorain. 我们刚要出发天突然下雨了。2.Hehadhardlysatdownwhenhismobilerang. 他刚一坐下手机就响了。3.IwaswalkingalongthebankoftheriverwhenIfellintoit.我正沿河岸散步突然掉进水里。while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从句的两个动词同时发生；while也可作并列连词，表示两个动作的对比，译为“而”“然而”。as则表示两个变化中的动作的同时性，译为“一边一边”。1.Whilehismotherwascookinginthekitchen，theboyfellasleepinthechair.(在一个延续动作过程中发生另一个动作)2. Hehurriedhome，lookingbehindashewent. 他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。注意：Hardly had sb. done sth. when sb. did sth. = no sooner had sb. done sth. Than sb. did sth.Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.No sooner had she finished her homework than she went to play the piano.巩固练习：一.改错1.SheisfatbutIamthin. 2.Itwasrainingwhilewearrived.3.Shesangwhilehewalked. 4.Idontknowthemwell，whiletheyaremyneighbors.二.选择最佳答案：1.ShethoughtIwaspraisingherchild，_，infact，Iwasscoldinghimforhisbadbehaviorsatschool.A.what B.while C.sothat D.therefore2.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework_myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.(2004全国卷II35)A.while B.since C.when D.as3._itisexpectedthatstudentscomeuniversitywiththeabilitytotakeagoodsetofnotes，thisisnotalwaysthecase.A.When B.As C.For D.While4.Wewereswimminginthelake_suddenlythestormstarted.A.when B.while C.until D.before5.-Youseemtohavehadthatcarforyears.-Yes，itsingoodcondition，butIshouldsellit_itstillruns.A.if B.before C.because D.while答案：一1.but改成while。因为fat与thin形成对比2.while改成when。因为arrived为短暂动词3.while改成as。表示“一边一边”4.Whiletheyaremyneighbors，Idontknowthemwell.主句和从句颠倒位置。二.1.选B。while并列连词，表对比，意为，“而，但是”2.选A.while含有对比之意，意为“然而”。3.选D.在此句中while表示“尽管”。4.选A。was doingwhen一个固定句式。5.选D.意思为“趁着”It与强调句型的运用1、 基本结构It用于强调句型，其基本结构是：It is was+ 被强调成分 + that 从句；当被强调成分是表示人的名词或代词时，也可以是“It is was + 被强调成分(人) + who 从句”。2、 强调单句成分的例题：He saw his friends in the street yesterday morning.强调主语：It was he that saw his friends in the street yesterday morning.强调宾语：It was his friends that who he saw in the street yesterday morning.强调地点状语：It was in the street that he saw his friends yesterday morning.强调时间状语：It was yesterday morning that he saw his friends in the street.注：疑问句式(1)It was he that saw his friends in the street yesterday morning.一般疑问句：Was it he that saw his friends in the street yesterday morning?特殊疑问句：Who was it that saw his friends in the street yesterday morning?(2)It was in the street that he saw his friends yesterday morning. 一般疑问句：Was it in the street that he saw his friends yesterday morning？划线提问：Where was it that he saw his friends yesterday morning？（3）He told me a story last night. It was a story that he told me last night.Was it a story that he told you last night?对被强调成分划线提问：What was it that he told you last night?强调句型的特殊疑问结构为：特殊疑问词+is was it that 3、 状语从句的强调例题：时间状语从句的强调：(1)I knew the news when she came back. It was when she came back that I knew the news.(2)She didnt know the result until I told her. It was not until I told her that she knew the result. Not until I told her did she know the result.(3) I got to know her on a farm where we worked. It was on a farm where we worked that I got to know her.(4) The suggestion that the meeting should be put off interested me.It was the suggestion that the meeting should be put off that interested me.4、 准确判断强调句型的方法：去掉It is was that,如果句子的结构和意义完整，就是强调句型，否则就不是强调句型。（1） It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. who B. that C. how D. what(2) It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that(3) Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _we worked together. A. where B. that C. when D. which(4) It was eight oclock _we got to the village. A. since B. when C. as D. that(5) - _that he managed to get the information? - Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it(6) I knew nothing about it. _ you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. What is D. What is it5、谓语动词的强调： “do does did + v原” He did help the old man.6、It的其他句型：（1）It is + some time + since 从句 = It has been + some time + since 从句 It is almost a year since we met last year.(2) It is was + 时间点 + when从句It was two oclock at night when we got home.(3) It was ( it will be ) + some time + before 从句It was some time before we realized the truth. It will not be long before we meet again.It will be two months before this medicine can be tested on patients.1._ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A. It was we being late B. It was our being late C. It was we too late D. It was because we were late2.- How was _ they discovered the entrance to the underground place? - Totally by chance. A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which3.Who was it _ saved the drowning girl? A. since B. as C. that D. he 4. What is it _his daughter needs most? A. what B. which C. that D. if5. _ was very _ t