2009年高考英语考点辅导.ppt

2009年高考英语考点辅导 三 突破写作误区 巧做书面表达 一 活用基础知识 巧做单项选择 二 掌握理解技巧 巧做听力阅读 一活用基础知识巧做单项选择 一 基础知识考查要点1名词 考查的重点是名词单复数 名词辨义及名词搭配 如 Hegainedhis byprinting offamouswriters wealth workB wealths worksC wealths workD wealth works 答案 D 分析 wealth为不可数名词 work作不可数名词 意为 工作 作可数名词 意为 作品 著作 2冠词和数词 考查的重点是冠词和数词的基本用法 如 Sheis newcomerto chemistrybutshehasalreadymadesomeimportantdiscoveries the theB the 不填C a 不填D a the 答案 C 分析 newcomer是泛指 用不定冠词 学科名词chemistry 不用冠词 3代词 考查的重点是不定代词与物主代词的用法 如 IsyourcameralikeBill sandAnn s No Butit salmostthesameas A herB yoursC themD their 答案 B 分析 此处比较的是camera 要用物主代词 形容词性物主代词只能作定语 空格后没有名词 所以要用名词性物主代词 4形容词和副词 考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较结构 词语辨异和系表结构 如 Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet No I llfinishin tenminutes A anotherB otherC moreD less 答案 A 分析 another后可接单数名词 也可跟few或带数词的复数名词表示 再 还 之意 5动词的时态和语态 在历年的高考中所占的比重最大 考查的重点是复合句中的动词形式 语态常与时态一起考查 如 Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse Notyet Therooms A arebeingpaintingB arepaintingC arepaintedD arebeingpainted 答案 D 分析 先确定语态为被动 再确定时态为进行时 6情态动词 考查的重点是情态动词的基本用法 虚拟语气的意义与结构 如 Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell It acomfortablejourney A can tbeB shouldn tbeC mustn thavebeenD couldn thavebeen 答案 D 分析 此处谈论过去的情况 为对过去情况的否定性推测 7非谓语动词 在高考中的分数比重及题量逐步增加 考查的重点从及物动词后用不定式或动名词作宾语 转向非谓语动词的句法功能 时间概念 主动还是被动 如 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer A tohaveinventedB inventingC toinventD havinginvented 答案 A 分析 consider表示 思考 时 常用动名词短语作宾语 但此处consider表示 认为 后接不定式复合结构 不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前 要用完成式来表示 8特殊句型 考查的重点是倒装 强调 感叹 否定转移 部分否定 反意问句以及省略和替代 如 Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriousthepollutionwas A didthevillagersrealizeB thevillagersrealizedC thevillagersdidrealizeD didn tthevillagersrealize 答案 A 分析 否定词位于句首时 主句须倒装并且不能再出现not 9简单句 并列句和复合句 考查的重点连接词的用法 如 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey A whileB ifC thatD for 答案 C 分析 it是形式主语 而真正的主语是空格后的整个句子 此处只有that能引导主语从句 10短语与搭配 考查的重点一般是动词短语辨义 以及介词与动词 形容词的搭配 如 Johnhasputonsomuchweightrecentlythathismotherhasto allhistrouserstohismeasure A letoutB giveawayC bringinD makeup 答案 A 分析 letout表示 放大 11交际用语 考查的重点是日常交际用语 一般是根据上下文情境来判断答语 如 A MayItakeyourorder B I dlikeacupofcoffeeandahotdog Whataboutyou Lisa Lisa A ThesametomeB Sameagain pleaseC It sverykindofyouD Thankyouallthesame 答案 B 分析 Sameagain please 表示 同样的再来一份 二 单项选择解题技巧1利用上下语境 如 WhereshallI Atthenextstop A dropyouB findyouC pickyouupD callonyou 答案 A 分析 就第一句而言 四个选项都有意义 但是 答语Atthenextstop暗示 两个人说话时在一起 B C D都不能用于这一情境 2参照类似表达 如 Whereareyougoingtodotheshopping Atthe store A shoesB shoeC shoe sD shoes 答案 B 分析 想一下熟悉的thebookstore 此题就迎刃而解了 此题涉及名词作定语的用法 一般规则是 名词作定语用单数 但是 也不能形成定势 有时也用复数 例如 aclothesshop acommunicationssatellite asalesdepartment等 名词的所有格表达时间 距离和价值 例如 threedays stay astone sthrow tendollar sworthofoil等 3避免思维定势 如 Theyoungmanspentasmuchtimeashe overhislessons A wentB wouldgoC couldtogoD couldgoing 答案 D 分析 spend的句型是spend time doing 不要受Shedidwhatshecouldtohelphim 的影响 4分析句子成分 如 Theexcitingmomentwelookedforwardto atlast A comingB cameC comeD comes 答案 B 分析 本句主语是Theexcitingmoment welookedforwardto是个定语从句 前面的关系代词which被省略了 所选部分是谓语 不是lookforwardto的宾语 5分析句子结构 如 inthedoorway everyoneintheroomgaveheracheer A AppearingB AssheappearedC HavingappearedD Whenappearing 答案 B 分析 inthedoorway的不是everyone 而是she 所以inthedoorway之前要有she 此句运用的是as引导的时间状语从句 shehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher A HermotherwasillB AsshewasillC HermotherbeingillD Beingill 答案 C 分析 生病的不是she 而是Hermother 逗号不能连接两个句子 要么用并列句Hermotherwasill soshehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher 要么用主从复合句Becausehermotherwasill shehadtostayathomeandlookedafterher 此句运用独立主格结构Hermotherbeingill作原因状语 6重视标点符号 如 theGreatWallisthelongestwallintheworld A Thatiswell knownB ItisknownthatC Asiswell knownD Weallknow 答案 C 分析 逗号说明此句是由as引导的非限制性定语从句 不是主语从句 7重视一词多性 如 Isawa goodgirlonTVlastnight A lovelyB handsomeC prettyD nice 答案 C 分析 四个都可以作形容词 但pretty还可作副词 表示 相当 8重视一词多义 如 Jane spalefacesuggestedthatshe ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe amedicalexamination A be shouldhaveB was haveC shouldbe hadD was has 答案 B 分析 suggest表示 暗示 从句用陈述语气 表示 建议 从句用虚拟语气 should可以省略 二掌握理解技巧巧做听力阅读 一 听力理解的考查方式 场景题型 地点题型 常见的提问形式有 Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace Wheredidithappen Whereis Whatkindofstoreisshegoingto 例如 Q Wheredidthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace A Ataconcert B Ataflowershop C Atarestaurant 录音 M Themusicandtheflowerarelovely W Yes Ihopethefoodisgood too 答案 C 该题需要合理的推断 题中关键词为thefood 时间题型 常见的提问方式有 Whendoestheconversationtakeplace whendoesthemanwanttoleave Howlongdidittakethemantowritehispaper Whendidthefootballmatchstart 例如 Q AtwhattimedoesthetraintoLeedsleave A 3 00 B 3 15 C 5 00 录音 W Excuseme couldyoutellmewhenthenexttraintoManchesteris M Sure Well it s3now ThenexttraintoManchesterleavesin2hours butyoucantakethetraintoLeeds whichleavesin15minutes andthengetoffatManchesterontheway 答案 B 该题需要简单的计算 说话时是3点钟 M建议乘去Leeds的车 该车途径Manchester 15分钟后发车 例如 Q Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers A Neighbors B Fatheranddaughter C Husbandandwife 录音 W Hello M Hello Lucy thisisJohn Look couldyoudomeafavor I vetriedtophonemywifesixtimesandIcan tgetthrough Thelineisbusyallthetime Couldyoupossiblygonextdoorandgiveheramessage W Sure whatdoyouwanttotellMary 答案 A 解题的关键是抓住phonemywife gonextdoor等关键性的词语 人物关系题型 常见的提问形式是 Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers 职业判断题型 常见的提问形式有 What sthewoman sjob What stheprofession 职业 oftheman Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto 例如 Q Whoisthewomanmostprobablyspeakingto A Arailwayporter B Ataxidriver C Apostalclerk 录音 W Excuseme sir I mgoingtosendthisparceltoLondon What sthepostageforit M Letmesee It sonepoundfifty 答案 C 根据parcel 邮包 和postage 邮资 等关键词可以判断 这位女士是在跟邮局职员讲话 推断题型 常见的提问形式有 Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation Whatdoestheconversationtellus Whycan tthewomanfindthebook Whatisthemandoing Whatwilltheweatherbelike What stheiropinionofLinda sbrother Whatdoesthemanmean Whatcanweconcludefromtheman sreply Whathappenedtothewoman Whatwastheconsequenceoftheaccident 例如 Q Whatdoesthemanmean A Shecanusehiscar B Shecanborrowsomeoneelse scar C Shecan tborrowhiscar 录音 W Ineedacarthisweekend butminehasbrokendown M I msorrytohearit butyoucanalwaysrentoneifyouhavealicense 答案 C 女士讲话有借车之意 男士委婉地拒绝了女士的请求 例如 Q Whatdidthemandolastnight A Hewatchedtelevisionwithhisfriend B Hestayedathometalkingwithhisfriend C Hewenttoseeafilmwithhisfriend 录音 W DidyouseelastnightfilmonChannel4 M Well Imeanttoseeit butafriendofminecametoseeme Wehadanicelongtalkaboutourschooldays 答案 B but后面的内容 一是朋友来访 二是畅谈过去 中BUT题型 题型特征为 对话答语由两部分组成 先是一个短句 后接一个较长的句子 短句与长句子之间用but连接 题目的答案通常在but之后 虚拟语气题型 虚拟条件句 例如 Q Whathappenedtothewoman A Shegothomebefore9o clock B Shehadabadcold C Shewasdelayed 录音 W Ifithadn tbeensnowingsohard Imighthavebeenhomeby9o clock M It stoobadyoudidn tmakeit Janewashereandshewantedtoseeyou 答案 C 女士讲话表达与过去事实相反 即9点未能到家 wish 从句 例如 Q Whatdowelearnfromtheconvention A ThemanisplanningatriptoAustin B ThemanhasnotbeentoAustinbefore C ThemanhasbeentoAustinbefore 录音 W I mthinkingofgoingtoAustinforavisit Doyouthinkit sworthseeing M Well IwishIhadbeenthere 答案 B 男士讲话表达一种未能实现的愿望 事实 他从未去过那里 建议题型 Whydon tyou 与Whynot 例如 Q Whatisthemansuggesting A Comingbackforalatershow B Waitinginaqueue C Comingbackinfiveminutes 录音 W Themoviestartsin5minutesandthere sboundtobealongline M Whydon twecomebackforthenextshow I msureitwouldbelesscrowded 答案 A 男士的建议中用的是thenextshow 而在选项中用alatershow作替换 录音 W Wedoneedanotherbookshelfinthisroom buttheproblemisthespaceforit M Howaboutmovingtheolddiningtabletothekitchen What Howabout 例如 Q Whatdoesthemansuggesttheyshoulddo A Findalargerroom B Selltheoldtable C Rearrangesomefurniture 答案 C 建议内容是 把旧餐桌搬到厨房里 比较题型 常见的提问方式有 Whatdo es thinkof Who Whichisbetter Whatdo es likebest 例如 Q WhatdoesTomeliketodomost A Tomlikebesttomakephonecalls B Tomlikestotalkwithhisfriendsmost C Tomlikestovisithisfriendsmost 录音 M DoesTomliketovisithisfriends W Yes buthelikesnothingbetterthantotalkonthetelephonewithhisfriends 答案 A 比较级nothingbetterthan表达最高级的含义 二 阅读理解的考查方式 推断词义 利用形合手段 形合指的是 同义 反义 上义 下义 词的集合 词的搭配等关系 例如 Finally renewableenergysourcesareusedeventhoughtheyareoftenexpensivetodevelop Oneformoftheseisgeothermalenergy Incertainpartsoftheworldthetemperatureoftheearthincreasesthirtydegreescentigradewitheachkilometerdown Atsixkilometers therefore itrisestonearlytwohundreddegrees Togettheheat waterispumpeddownintotherocksandbackuptothesurface Heatfromtheearthisalreadyusedincertaincountries Theunderlinedwordsintheparagraphmean A renewablesourceB undergroundsourceC heatinsidetheearthD temperatureoftheearth 答案 C geothermalenergy是renewableenergy的一种形式 属上下义关系 geothermalenergy与heatfromtheearth是同义关系 利用语言情境 语境指的是照应 替代 省略 定义 举例等 例如 TheagingofthepopulationwillaffectAmericansocietyinmanyways education medicine andbusiness Quietly thegrayingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety oneinwhichpeoplehaveaquitedifferentideaofwhatkindofbehaviorissuitableatvariousages Theunderlinedword one refersto A asocietyB AmericaC aplaceD population 答案 A one是society的同位语 利用构词知识 构词法主要有 词缀法 转类法 合词法 例如 Computerpeopletalkalotabouttheneedforotherpeopletobecome computer literate Butnotallexpertsagreethatthisisagoodidea Onepioneer inparticular whodisagrees isDavid thefounderofcomputertownUK Althoughmanypeopleseethisasasuccessfulattempttobringpeopleclosertothecomputer Daviddoesnotseeitthatway HesaysthatComputertownsUKwasformedforjusttheoppositereason tobringcomputerstopeopleandmakethem people literate DavidthinksComputertownsaremostsuccessfulwhentiedtoacomputerclubbutheinsiststhereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo Theclubsareforpeoplewhohavesomecomputerknowledgealready Thisfrightensawaynon experts whoarehappiergoingtoComputertownswheretherearecomputersforthemtoexperimenton withexpertstoencouragethemandansweranyquestionstheyhave Theyarenottoldwhattodo theyfindout Thecomputerexpertshavetolearnnottotellpeopleaboutcomputers buthavetobeabletoanswerallquestionspeopleask Peopledon thavetolearncomputerterms 术语 buttheexpertshavetoexplaininplainlanguage Thecomputersarebecoming people literate 分析 文中解释了两个概念 computer literate tobringpeopleclosertothecomputeracomputerclub forpeoplewhohavesomecomputerknowledgealready people literate tobringcomputerstopeopleComputertowns therearecomputersforthemtoexperimentonnottotellpeopleaboutcomputersdon thavetolearncomputerterms 术语 Wecaninferfromthetextthat computer literate means A beingabletoaffordacomputerB beingabletowritecomputerprogramsC workingwiththecomputerandfindingoutitsvalueD understandingthecomputerandknowinghowtouseit 答案 D 抓住havesomecomputerknowledgealready这一关键 并通过理解其相对概念people literate作出选择 其实 computer literate是computer 计算机 和literate 受过教育的 构成的合成词 如果分别知道这两个词的意思 不仅有助于本词汇题的选择 也有助于本文的理解 阅读词汇要求 生词率3 1000 以上 至少30 30 5 6个生词 篇 建议 弄熟 全国统一考试大纲 中的词汇 认识 新课标 中的词汇 概括主旨 常见的提问方式 Thisnewsstoryismainlyabout Thetextismainlyabout Thebestheadline 标题 forthisnewspaperarticleis Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext 例如 Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal Suchapersonisnotreallyathief Theyaresickandcannothelpthemselves Allsmallchildrenactnaturallyandastheygrowuptheynormallylearntocontroltheiractions Peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthatdonotbelongtothem Withmedicalhelptheymaybecomenormalcitizensagain Thethingsthatakleptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue Theyoftengiveawaywhattheyhavestolenorcollectobjectswithoutusingthem Whatisthetopicofthetext A Youngthieves B Anunusualillness C Reasonsforstealing D Anormalchild sactions 答案 B 本文议论的中心为一种罕见的疾病 浓缩于第一句主题句中 Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal 捕捉细节 常见的提问方式 Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotheparagraph passage Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse nottrue accordingtotheparagraph passage Allthefollowingstatementsare nottrue EXCEPT Theauthor writer mentionsalloftheitemslistedbelowEXCEPT Inthisparagraph passage wefindsupportforallofthefollowingstatementsEXCEPT Thestatementsmadebytheauthor writer arebasedonevidence example fact Theauthor paragraph passage states informs tellus that 例如 SamandJoewereastronauts Therewasonceaverydangeroustripandthemoreexperiencedastronautsknewtherewasonlyasmallchanceofcomingbackalive SamandJoe however thought itwouldbeexcitingthoughalittledangerous We rethebestmenforthejob theysaidtotheboss Theremaybeproblems butwecanfindtheanswers They rethelastpeopleI dtrust thoughttheboss Butalltheotherastronautshaverefusedtogo Mostoftheastronautswereunwillingtogoonthetripbecause A therewaslittlechanceofbeingselectedB theyweren texperiencedenoughC theythoughttheymightgetkilledD itwasn texcitingenough 答案 C 本题答案在文中可直接找到 themoreexperiencedastronautsknewtherewasonlyasmallchanceofcomingbackalive 推断信息 针对主题大意 中心思想的推断题 常见的提问方式 Wecanconcludethat Wemayinferthat Thewritersuggeststhat Thestoryimpliesthat Whatthewriterreallymeansis Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat Accordingtothepassage youcansee Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethat Thepassagesuggeststhat Inthewriter sopinion 针对作者的观点 态度和意图的推断题 Whatdoestheauthorthinkof Howdoestheauthorfeelabout Inthewriter sopinion What sthetoneofthispassage 针对写作思路 文章体裁和来源的推断题 Whatdoes didtheparagraphprecedingthepassagemostprobablydiscuss Theparagraphfollowingthepassagemostprobablydiscusses Thisselection 节选 mightbesomepartsofabookconcernedwith Thispassagemightbetakenoutofabookdealingwith Wheredidthispassagemostprobablyappear Theseextracts 摘录 areprobablytakenfrom 例如 Wewalkedinsoquietlythatthenurseatthedeskdidn tevenlifthereyesfromthebook MumpointedatabigchairbythedoorandIknewshewantedmetositdown WhileIwatchedmouthopeninsurprise Mumtookoffherhatandcoatandgavethemtometohold Shewalkedquietlytothesmallroombytheliftandtookoutawetmop Shepushedthemoppastthedesk Mumjustpushedharder eachswipe 拖一下 ofthemoptakingherfartherandfartherdownthehall Iwatcheduntilshewasoutofsight Ofcourse Itoldheraboutthehospitalrules andshewillnotexpectusuntiltomorrow Afterreadingthestorywhatcanweinferaboutthehospital A Itisachildren shospital B Ithasstrictrulesaboutvisitinghours C Theconditionstherearen tverygood D Thenursesanddoctorstheredon tworkhard 答案 B 本文主要叙述Mum巧妙地骗过护士在非探视时间看望女儿Dagmar的经过 说明医院有严格的探视制度 本题的推论必须与文章主题相联系 二 完形填空的考查方式 运用复现 原词复现 上下文中同一概念重复出现 同义词 近义词复现 借助意思相同或相近的表达方式 或解释性的语言使上下文语义得以连接起来 同源词复现 同一词根 通过前缀 后缀 合成和转化等方式构成同源词 上下义词复现 上义词具有概括性 下义词具有分述作用 概念复现 同一概念在上下文中以不同的词语出现 评述性复现 用一种表达方式对另一种表达方法进行解释或说明 反义复现 通过反义词或对比使文章前后衔接照应 利用联想 利用话题联想 就某一话题而言 有许多信息和表达方式与之同现 形成一个个词汇链 利用因果关系联想 利用结构联想 通过关键词进行固定结构联想 借助语言标志 借助转承语 借助并列连词 三突破写作误区巧做书面表达 一 认识失分原因1 审题不仔细 遗漏要点 例如 2000年全国卷 目击交通事故 目击报告 Itwas7 15onthemorningofFebruary8 2000 IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhenanelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheothersideofthestreet ThenIsawayellowcardriveupThirdStreetandmakearightturnintoParkRoad Thenextmomentthecarhitthemanwhilehewascrossingtheroad Hefellwithacry Thecardidn tstopbutdroveoffatgreatspeedheadingwest InoticedthedriverwasayoungwomanandtheplatenumberwasAC864 AbouttwominuteslaterIstoppedapassingcarandtooktheoldmantothenearesthospital LiHua 2 过渡不自然 单纯翻译 例如 叙述国庆节去北京动物园的情况 有位学生写道 TodayisNationalDay LiMingandIwenttoBeijingZoo WetooktheNo 15bus Wegottheretenminuteslater Thereweremanypeopleinthezoo Mostofthemwerechildren Inthezoo wesawelephants Wesawbears Wesawlions At12o clock wewentbackhome Wehadawonderfuldaytoday Wefelttired Wefelthappy 这位学生把该表达的内容都写出来了 而且没有句子结构方面的错误 但是 他写的不是一篇短文 而是孤零零的句子 有效地运用连接词 可使上下文连贯流畅 TodayisNationalDay LiMingandIwenttoBeijingZoo WetooktheNo 15busandtenminuteslaterwegotthere Thereweremanypeopleinthezoo mostofwhomwerechildren Inthezoo wesawmanykindsofanimals suchaselephants bearsandlions At12o clock wewentbackhome Whatawonderfuldaywehadtoday Althoughweweretired wefeltveryhappy 3 逻辑不恰当 有悖常理 结尾 Itisveryclearthatthepollutionhasharmednotonlypeoplearoundthefactorybutalsothemanagerhimself Themanagerwascriticizedbythegovernment Nowhehasrealizedtheimportanceofkeepingtheairclean 短语 从句可使短文更富有表现力 Chargingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway Whatismore itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity 4 表达不丰富 结构单调 例如 2002年全国卷 讨论公园是否收门票 Theentrancefeesarecharged Peoplewillnotcome Wallsandgatesshouldbebuilt Theywillnotmakethecitylookbad 5 语言不地道 汉式思维 例如 2002年全国卷 给英文报纸写信 不少同学写成 Iwanttotellyouaboutthediscussionwe vehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks 就Iwantotellyou 而言 本身没有错 但用在此处就不符合英语习惯了 书信中应写 Iamwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwe vejusthadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks 6 用词不贴切 缺乏积累 例如 2002年北京卷 记叙野外生存训练 结尾部分有学生写成 Thenwesetupthecampandsetfiretocookfood 最后部分应写 LiMingthenputupthetent andImadeafireandstartedcooking 姑且不谈tocookfood的对错 单就setfire而言就是个不可原谅的错误 setfiretoaplace系 纵火烧某处 显而易见是对makeafire这个词组没有掌握 7 语法不正确 错误不断 误 CanyoutellAsiaelephantsfromAfrica 误 Hewillrememberfirmlythattheteachersaidanddid 正 CanyoutellAsianelephantsfromAfricanones 正 Hewillrememberclearlywhattheteachersaidanddid 8 书写不规范 多词少词 评分原则 词数少于80和多于120的 从总分中减去2分 如书写较差 以至影响交际 将分数降低一个档次 说明 1 内容要点可用不同方式表达 2 对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分 二 学会句型转换 简单句合并为简单句 用连词and both and nor neither nor or either or aswellas notonly butalso asmuchas ratherthan morethan等 例如 Wecannotexpecthertodohousework Andwecannotexpecthertolookafterthechildren Wecanneitherexpecthertodohouseworknorlookafterthechildren 用同位语 例如 Edisonwasagreatinventor Hewasbornin1847 Edison agreatinventor wasbornin1847 用介词短语 例如 Theboywasinbadhealth Hewasthereforeunabletodoit Becauseofhisbadhealth theboywasunabletodoit 用不定式短语 例如 Sheisveryyoung Shecan tgotoschool Sheistooyoungtogotoschool 用分词短语 例如 Isawabus Itcameslowlyuptome Isawabuscomingslowlyuptome 用形容词 短语 例如 Theyspentseveraldaysinthewindandsnow Theywerecoldandhungry Theyspentseveraldaysinthewindandsnow coldandhungry 用副词短语 例如 Iwillreturntothispointinmylecture Itwillbeinalittlewhile Iwillreturntothispointinmylecturesoon 用独立结构 例如 Myfatherwasill Ihadtostayathome Myfatherbeingill Ihadtostayathome 简单句合并为并列句 表示句与句之间关系平等 而意义引申 主要连词有 and 例如 Shehaslentusoneofhernewbooks Thebookisthelatestoneinhercollection Shehaslentusoneofhernewbooksanditisthelatestoneinhercollection 表示增补 Heisjack of all trades Heismasterofnone Heisjack of all tradesandheismasterofnone 含义向否定引申 Anurgenttelegramwassenttoherhusband Shewaswaitingforhisreply Anurgenttelegramwassenttoherhusbandandshewaswaitingforhisreply 表示动作先后 Thedayisshort Theworkisheavy Thedayisshort