第一次课幻灯片.ppt

GRE阅读刘芳菲 考试基本信息小结 填空题组成 阅读篇幅题目分布 OG要求能力 understandingthemeaningofindividualwordsunderstandingthemeaningofindividualsentencesunderstandingthemeaningofparagraphsandlargerbodiesoftextdistinguishingbetweenminorandmajorpointssummarizingapassagedrawingconclusionsfromtheinformationprovidedreasoningfromincompletedata inferringmissinginformationunderstandingthestructureofatext howthepartsrelatetooneanotheridentifyingtheauthor sperspectiveidentifyingtheauthor sassumptionsanalyzingatextandreachingconclusionsaboutitidentifyingstrengthsandweaknessesdevelopingandconsideringalternativeexplanations paragraphsandlargerbodiesoftext Largerbodyparagraph 首末句passage 首末段及转折句结构核心 位置概念 Majorandminorpoints 两层总分 Structure relate 两层总分论点与论点之间的关系论据之间的关系下意识 Alternativeexplanation TWKW1aaw KW2Xy 过渡词 1 However but yetNevertheless nonethelessBycontrastAlternativeOntheotherhandOpposingviewAmorecompellingexplanation 过渡词 2 AnothertheoryAnothertheoryInadditionSimilarly 总结 1 两层总分论点之间的关系对比并列论据之间的关系对比并列因果 总结 2 专有名词 专业知识 背景知识 逻辑关系 论据 论点单词 逻辑气相 固相 题型 五选一三选多选择句子题 basicskills allthequestionscanbeansweredonthebasisoftheinformationprovidedinthepassage andyouarenotexpectedtorelyonanyoutsideknowledge 无需背景 头脑空白 定位解题 Trytodistinguishmainideasfromsupportingideasorevidence Trytodistinguishideasthattheauthorisadvancingfromthoseheorsheismerelyreporting Similarly trytodistinguishideasthattheauthorisstronglycommittedtofromthoseheorsheadvancesashypotheticalorspeculative Trytoidentifythemaintransitionsfromoneideatothenext Trytoidentifytherelationshipbetweendifferentideas Forexample Aretheycontrasting Aretheyconsistent Doesonesupporttheother Doesonespellanotheroutingreaterdetail Isoneanapplicationofanothertoaparticularcircumstance 总结 逻辑理解 细节读懂 PhilipGlass Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingreadingpassage Revivingthepracticeofusingelementsofpopularmusicinclassicalcomposition anapproachthathadbeeninhibernationintheUnitedStatesduringthe1960s composerPhilipGlass born1937 embracedtheethosofpopularmusicwithoutimitatingit GlassbasedtwosymphoniesonmusicbyrockmusiciansDavidBowieandBrianEno butthesymphonies soundisdistinctivelyhis PopularelementsdonotappearoutofplaceinGlass sclassicalmusic whichfromitsearlydayshassharedcertainharmoniesandrhythmswithrockmusic YetthisuseofpopularelementshasnotmadeGlassacomposerofpopularmusic Hismusicisnotaversionofpopularmusicpackagedtoattractclassicallisteners itishighartforlistenerssteepedinrockratherthantheclassics 129words question1 1 ThepassageaddresseswhichofthefollowingissuesrelatedtoGlass suseofpopularelementsinhisclassicalcompositions A HowitisregardedbylistenerswhopreferrocktotheclassicsB HowithasaffectedthecommercialsuccessofGlass smusicC WhetherithascontributedtoarevivalofinterestamongothercomposersinusingpopularelementsintheircompositionsD WhetherithashadadetrimentaleffectonGlass sreputationasacomposerofclassicalmusicE WhetherithascausedcertainofGlass sworkstobederivativeinquality Considereachofthethreechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatapply 2 ThepassagesuggeststhatGlass workdisplayswhichofthefollowingqualities A AreturntotheuseofpopularmusicinclassicalcompositionsB AnattempttoelevaterockmusictoanartisticstatusmorecloselyapproximatingthatofclassicalmusicC Along standingtendencytoincorporateelementsfromtwoapparentlydisparatemusicalstyles question2 Considereachofthethreechoicesseparatelyandselectallthatapply 2 ThepassagesuggeststhatGlass workdisplayswhichofthefollowingqualities A AreturntotheuseofpopularmusicinclassicalcompositionsB AnattempttoelevaterockmusictoanartisticstatusmorecloselyapproximatingthatofclassicalmusicC Along standingtendencytoincorporateelementsfromtwoapparentlydisparatemusicalstyles question3 3 Selectthesentencethatdistinguishestwowaysofintegratingrockandclassicalmusic revive revive vivvitamin vitRevive 复兴 复活 PG 人名取首字母中间名 最后大写字母 embrace brace 支撑 支撑物embrace 拥抱 包含 ethos ethics 伦理学 ethos 道德风俗伦理 思想氛围morality 道德 mores 风俗 风俗传统 Derivative Derivative衍生的 派生的 来源于别人的反义词 original creative seminal 论据重现论点核心 KWabc 文章结构图 树状图 考位分析 第一题 考首句第二题 考首句第三题 考末句 Mendelssohn WasFelixMendelssohn 1809 1847 agreatcomposer Onitsface thequestionseemsabsurd Oneofthemostgiftedprodigiesinthehistoryofmusic heproducedhisfirstmasterpieceatsixteen Fromthenon hewasrecognizedasanartistofpreternaturalabilities notonlyasacomposerbutalsoasapianistandconductor ButMendelssohn senduringpopularityhasoftenbeenatodds sometimesquitesharply withhiscriticalstanding Despitegeneralacknowledgmentofhisgenius therehasbeenanoticeablereluctancetorankhimwith say SchumannorBrahms AsHagginputit Mendelssohn asacomposer wasa minormaster workingonasmallscaleofemotionandtexture 117words question1 2 SelectasentenceinthepassagewhosefunctionistoindicatetherangeofMendelssohn smusicaltalents question2 3 ThepassagesuggeststhatanyoneattemptingtoevaluateMendelssohn scareermustconfrontwhichofthefollowingdichotomies A ThetensionbetweenMendelssohn scareerasacomposerandhiscareerasapianistandconductorB ThecontrastbetweenMendelssohn spopularityandthatofSchumannandBrahmsC ThediscrepancybetweenMendelssohn spopularityandhisstandingamongcriticsD TheinconsistencybetweenMendelssohn sreputationduringhislifetimeandhisreputationsincehisdeathE ThegapbetweenMendelssohn sprodigiousmusicalbeginningsandhisdeclineinlateryears question3 4 Itcanbeinferredthatthe reluctance mentionedinthepassageisbeingascribedtoA mostcomposerssinceMendelssohnB SchumannandBrahmsC themusic listeningpublicD musiccriticsgenerallyE Hagginexclusively question4 5 TheauthormentionsSchumannandBrahmsprimarilyinordertoA provideexamplesofcomposerswhoareoftencomparedwithMendelssohnB identifycertaincomposerswhoaremorepopularthanMendelssohnC identifycomposerswhomMendelssohninfluencedD establishthemilieuinwhichMendelssohnworkedE establishastandardofcomparisonforMendelssohnasacomposer preternatural Preternatural 超自然的Preter naturalExtraordinary 不同寻常的Extra ordinaryinordinate 不同寻常的In ordinate 生词处理原则 取首字母或划掉通过论据重现论点核心找其逻辑等价词总分 并列 同义词对比 转折 反义词 逻辑等价词 Beatoddswith Odd n 奇数 偶数evenadj 秘密的 奇怪的 矛盾 冲突beatodds同义词 conflictantagonisticdiscrepancyinconsistent dichotomy dicho tomyanatomy ana tomyatom Beascribeto ascribedescribeprescribecircumscribe Inorderto题型 题干中 inorderto serveto intendto答案为所问对象的逻辑上一层成分 主干abc kwkw ts多往前找 少数情况往后找 例 HistorianssuchasLeRoyLaduriehaveusedthedocumentstoextractcasehistories whichhaveilluminatedtheattitudesofdifferentsocialgroups theseattitudesinclude butarenotconfinedto attitudestowardcrimeandthelaw andhaverevealedhowtheauthoritiesadministeredjustice TheauthormentionsLeRoyLadurie line16 inordertogiveanexampleofahistorianwhohasmadeonekindofuseofcourtrecordsciteahistorianwhohasbasedcasehistoriesonthebirth marriage anddeathrecordsofthenoneliteidentifytheauthorofthequotationcitedintheprevioussentencegainauthoritativesupportfortheviewsthatthecasehistoryapproachisthemostfruitfulapproachtocourtrecordspointoutthefirsthistoriantorealizethevalueofcourtrecordsinilluminatingthebeliefsandvaluesofthenonelite 结构图 树状图 考位分析 2 细节 功能3 kw but句子 预料之内4 细节 despite 让步5 中间人名 作用 预料之内 transportofplantseeds SincetheHawaiianIslandshaveneverbeenconnectedtootherlandmasses thegreatvarietyofplantsinHawaiimustbearesultofthelong distancedispersalofseeds aprocessthatrequiresbothamethodoftransportandanequivalencebetweentheecologyofthesourceareaandthatoftherecipientarea Thereissomedisputeaboutthemethodoftransportinvolved SomebiologistsarguethatoceanandaircurrentsareresponsibleforthetransportofplantseedstoHawaii Yettheresultsofflotationexperimentsandthelowtemperaturesofaircurrentscastdoubtonthesehypotheses Moreprobableisbirdtransport eitherexternally byaccidentalattachmentoftheseedstofeathers orinternally bytheswallowingoffruitandsubsequentexcretionoftheseeds WhileitislikelythatfewervarietiesofplantseedshavereachedHawaiiexternallythaninternally morevarietiesareknowntobeadaptedtoexternalthantointernaltransport 157words question1 8 TheauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithA discussingdifferentapproachesbiologistshavetakentotestingtheoriesaboutthedistributionofplantsinHawaii B discussingdifferenttheoriesaboutthetransportofplantseedstoHawaiiC discussingtheextenttowhichaircurrentsareresponsibleforthedispersalofplantseedstoHawaii D resolvingadisputeabouttheadaptabilityofplantseedstobirdtransportE resolvingadisputeabouttheabilityofbirdstocarryplantseedslongdistances question2 9 Theauthormentionstheresultsofflotationexperimentsonplantseeds lines7 8 mostprobablyinordertoA supporttheclaimthatthedistributionofplantsinHawaiiistheresultofthelong distancedispersalofseedsB lendcredibilitytothethesisthataircurrentsprovideamethodoftransportforplantseedstoHawaiiC suggestthatthelong distancedispersalofseedsisaprocessthatrequireslongperiodsoftime D challengetheclaimthatoceancurrentsareresponsibleforthetransportofplantseedstoHawaii E refutetheclaimthatHawaiianfloraevolvedindependentlyfromflorainotherpartsoftheworld val equivalence equal valuevaliant 文章结构图 树状图 考位分析 8 主题 首句9 作用题 yet句子 ADream IenjoyedADreamofLightShadow PortraitsofLatinAmericanWomenWritersforthesamereasonsthat asachild Iavidlyconsumedwomen sbiographies thefascinationwithhowthebiographicaldetailsofanotherfemale slifearerepresentedandinterpreted Adreamoffersarichread variedinboththelivesandtextsofthewomenportrayed andtheperspectivesandstylesofthesixteenessayists Yet asanadult Ihavecometodemandofanyreally great bookaself consciousnessaboutthetenuousnatureofrepresentationsofreality acriticalcontextualizationoffloriddetail andaself awarenessoftheroleofideologyinoutlives Inthesecriticalsenses aDreamisinadequate 117words question1 1 TheauthorofthepassagesuggeststhataDreamfallsshortinwhichofthefollowingrespects A Itdoesnotappeartorecognizethatrepresentationsofrealitycanbeunreliable B Itseemstofocusonstylisticvarietyattheexpenseofaccuracyofdetail C Itoffersawealthofdetailwithoutsufficientcriticalexaminationofthatdetail question2 2 Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofthesecondsentence Adream essayists inthecontextofthepassageasawhole A TogiveexamplesofhowADreampresentsfascinatingportraitsthatdisplayawarenessofthetenuousnatureofrepresentationsofrealityB ToelaborateonhowADreamfulfillstheauthor schildhoodcriteriaforapleasurablebookC TosuggestthattheauthorenjoyedADreamforreasonsmoresophisticatedthanthereasonssheenjoyedcertainbooksasachild D ToillustratewaysinwhichtheauthorfindsADreamtobeinadequateincertaincriticalsensesE ToimplythatADreamistoovariedinfocustoprovideapropercontextualizationofthebiographicaldetailsitoffers tenu 薄 细 tenuous 稀薄的 脆弱的attenuate 变稀薄extenuate 减轻 罪行 结构图 树状图 1 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 2 2 3 2 考位分析 yet句子 连续并列 列举2 2句功能 1句aw 论据 论点 Forhotdesertlocationswithaccesstoseawater anewgreenhousedesigngeneratesfreshwaterandcoolair Orientedtotheprevailingwind thefrontwallofperforatedcardboard moistenedandcooledby