超导物理 第一讲 讲义.ppt

OverviewofSuperconductivity 超导物理 第一讲 浙江大学凝聚态物理研究所CGH 课程介绍 参考书 张裕恒 超导物理 中国科技大学出版社章立源等 超导物理学 电子工业出版社张其瑞 高温超导电性 浙江大学出版社M Tinkham IntroductiontoSuperconductivity McGraw Hill Inc 考试等 2008 9 11 2 Outline DiscoveryofSuperconductivityDevelopmentofSuperconductingMaterialsBasicPropertiesofSuperconductorsPhenomenologicalTheoriesMicroscopicTheoriesNewChallenges HTSC 2008 9 11 3 DiscoveryofSuperconductivity 19thCentury DowntolowerTFirsttoliquefy thepermanentgas HeliumPt residualresistanceisrelatedtotheimpurityMercuryiseasytopurifiedDiscoveryofSCinHgin1911 2008 9 11 4 DiscoveryofSuperconductivity H K Onnes Commun Phys Lab 12 120 1911 ZeroElectricalResistance Measurementvs Observation 2008 9 11 5 Zeroresistance Really 6 2008 9 11 2008 9 11 7 2008 9 11 8 2008 9 11 9 DiscoveryofSuperconductivity MeissnerEffect IdealConductor Superconductor Magneticlevitation Fluxfrozen 2008 9 11 10 2008 9 11 11 12 2008 9 11 13 2008 9 11 2008 9 11 14 Superconductivityisnotrare ElementsAlloysInorganiccompoundsOrganiccompoundsPolymersBiosystems 2008 9 11 15 2008 9 11 16 SuperconductingCriticalMagneticField 2008 9 11 17 18 2008 9 11 DefinitionofTc HcandJc TypeIandTypeIISuperconductors 2008 9 11 19 VortexStateforTypeIISuperconductors 2008 9 11 20 21 2008 9 11 VortexPinningforTypeIISuperconductors Toinducedefectstopinthevortices IncreasingJc Superconductingmagnet 2008 9 11 22 TheoreticalpredictionofvorticesintypeIIsuperconductors Firstpublishedin1952 2008 9 11 23 2003NobelLaureatesforPhysics AlexeiA AbrikosovVitalyL GinzburgAnthonyJ LeggettUSAandRussiaRussiaUnitedKingdomandUSA 2008 9 11 24 TheoryofSuperconductivity PhenomenologicalTheoryLondonTheoryGinzberg Landau Abricosov GorkovTheoryMicroscopicTheoryBCSTheoryOtherTheories MacroscopicQuantumPhenomenon r Aei r 2008 9 11 25 BCSTheoryofSuperconductivity 2008 9 11 26 超导机制 Cooper电子对 实空间 正常态 超导态 动量空间 2008 9 11 27 BCSTheoryofSuperconductivity 1972NobelPrizeforPhysics JohnBardeenLeonNeilCooperJohnRobertSchrieffer 2008 9 11 28 JosephsonEffect 1973NobelPrizeforPhysics Completedthegreatworkasapostgraduate 2008 9 11 29 Superconductingquantuminterferencedevice SQUID ThresholdforSQUID 10 14TMagneticfieldofheart 10 10TMagneticfieldofbrain 10 13T 2008 9 11 30 DiscoveryofHTSC BackgroundTheory Little Ginzberg Experiments Oxides theceramicsuperconductorsBa Pb Bi O3 LixTi2O4 La Ba 2CuO4 2008 9 11 31 DiscoveryofHTSC BednorzandMuller Z PhysikB64 189 1986 2008 9 11 32 DiscoveryofHTSC fortheirimportantbreak throughinthediscoveryofsuperconductivityinceramicmaterials K AlexanderMullerJ GeorgBednorz 1987NobelPrizeforPhysics 2008 9 11 33 RetrospectionontheDiscoveryofHTSC La Ba 2CuO4 AFrenchGroup B Raveau ARussianGroupPioneerProposalonOxideSuperconductorinChina Ba Pb Bi O3NewdiscoveryanditsimpactonScience Technology 2008 9 11 34 CommonstructuremodelofHTSC 2008 9 11 35 2008 9 11 36 ElectronicPhaseDiagramofHTSC 2008 9 11 37 SuperconductingGapFunctions s wavegap d wavegap 2008 9 11 38 赝能隙现象与预超导配对 传统超导体Cooper对的出现与建立相干性同步完成 一般单电子 高温超导体 Tc 一般单电子 CooperPairsBose EinsteinCondensation T Tc 涨落的Cooper对 相干的Cooper对 BEC 2008 9 11 39 2008 9 11 40 IsaveragefieldtheoryenoughtoelucidateHTSC Nanoscalephaseseparations keytothehigh Tc TheRoleofQuenchedDisorder 2008 9 11 41 2020 3 15 NewHigh TcSuperconductors LaFeAsO 1111 56K BaFe2As2 122 38K 2020 3 15 2020 3 15 111 LiFeAs 18K 11 FeSe 10K 2020 3 15 BuildingBlocks MechanismofHTSC 揭示高温超导机理 诺贝尔物理学奖发现室温超导体 诺贝尔物理学奖 2008 9 11 46 NobelPrizesmarkMILESTONESintheareaofSUPERCONDUCTIVITY 1911Discoveryofsuperconductivity1950 1957 GLAGTheory1957BCSTheory19