谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别.doc

_谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。 Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语） Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. 维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。（to have a talk.不定式 作状语） 2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。 Larke likes the pop music. 拉克喜欢流行音乐。 （动词用单数第三人称形式） Larke has nothing to do today. 拉克今天没什么事要做。（do 用原形） 非谓语动词的特征： 1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。 Studying English is my favorite. 学习英语是我的爱好。（studying 后跟宾语） To help him is my duty. 帮助他是我的责任。（help 后跟宾语） 2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。 Working under such a condition is terrible. 在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(under such a condition 是 working 的状语) Its too difficult for him to master English in such a short time. 他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。（for him 作不定式的逻辑主语） 3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting long. 对不起让你久等了。（to have kept.是不定式的完成形式） Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. 从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。（Seen from.是分词的被动形式） 4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。 Our coming made him happy. 我们的到来使他很高兴。（coming 起名词作用） There are two big swimming pools here. 这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容词作用) 非谓语动词的形式变化： 1.不 定 式 主 动 被 动 一般 to write to be written 进行 to be writing 完成 to have written to have been written 完成进行 to have been writing 2.现 在 分 词 主 动 被 动 一般 writing being written 完成 having written having been written 过去分词一般 written 3.动 名 词 主 动 被 动 一般 writing being written 完成 hav