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。考研同义近形词归纳一名词中同义词、近形词部分归纳1表示“能力”意思的词语:Ability, capability, competency, faculty, capacity, gift, talent2表示“目的、目标”意思的词语:Aim, purpose, aim, intent, intention, goal, end3表示“关系、联系”意思的词语:Ties, bonds, links, connection, association, relations, combination, relationship, interrelations, relevance4表示“差别”意思的词语:Difference, distinction, differentiation5表示“资本、资金”意思的词语:Capital, fund, money, relief6表示“个人”意思的词语:Person, people, folks, individuals, man, human being7表示“意义、含义”意思的词语:Meaning, significance, implication, connotation8表示“部分、成分”意思的词语:Part, element, ingredient, component, factor, segment9表示“不平等、歧视”意思的词语:Inequality, bias, prejudice, discrimination10表示“对手、支持者”意思的词语:Opponent, rivals, proponent, advocates11表示“商品”意思的词语:Commodity, goods12表示“将来”意思的词语:Future, prospect13表示“理由”意思的词语:Reason, ground, cause14表示“后代、子孙”意思的词语:Offspring, descendant, posterity, children15表示“补充”意思的词语:Complement, supplement,append16表示与“树木”有关的词语:Bush, shrub, jungle17表示“边界”意思的词语:Boundary, border, frontier, verge18表示“错误”意思的词语:Blunder, error, mistake, fault19表示“基础”意思的词语:Basis, foundation, ground20表示“会议”意思的词语:Assembly, conference, congress, seminar, session, summit, symposium, meeting, gathering, party21表示“区域”意思的词语:Area, district, region, vicinity, zone22表示“成就”意思的词语:Accomplishment, attainment, achievement, success23表示“要点、摘要”意思的词语:abstract, digest, outline, summary24表示“程度”意思的词语:to the degree, to some extent25表示“生气”意思的词语:Anger, fury, indignation, resentment, hate, hatred26表示“ 痛苦,悲伤 ”意思的词语:pain, sadness, unhappiness, misery, anguish27表示“标准”意思的词语:standard, criteria28字形相似的词:welfare(福利), warfare(战争), farewell(告别)29字形相似的词:attitude(态度), altitude(海拔,高度), magnitude(数量), multitude(多数), aptitude(天资,天赋), latitude(纬度, 地区), gratitude(感谢)30字形相似的词:convention(习俗,传统), conversion(变化,转换),conviction(坚定的信念或看法), conservation(保存,保持), conversation(交谈)31字形相似和近义词:vocation, job, work, profession, occupation, field, career, /vacation, holiday, travel, journey, voyage, trip, excursion32近义词:pace(步伐), speed(速度,速率), rate(速度,百分比),ratio(比例,比率), rhythm(韵律,节奏)33近义词:process(进程,过程), procedure(步骤,手续),course(时间的经过)二常用的动词同义词归纳1表示“导致”意思的词语:Lead to, bring about, give rise to, give birth to, contribute to, causeto, result in, engender, render, prompt, cause, make, result from(起因于)2表示“面对、偶遇”意思的词语:Confront, be confronted with, face, be faced with, meet with, encounter.3表示“集中于”意思的词语:Center on, focus on, concentrate on4表示“对付、处理”意思的词语:Deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, manipulate,5表示“消失”意思的词语:Disappear, vanish, fade, perish6表示“减少、增加”意思的词语:Diminish, lessen, decrease, drop, reduce, fall, /accumulate, increase, rise, soar, rocket7表示“依靠、依赖”意思的词语:Rely on(upon), depend on(upon), count on (upon), rest on(upon)8表示“变化”意思的词语:Change, turn, vary/range, alter, transform, shift, convert.9表示“指控”意思的词语:Charge with, accuse of, sue for, condemn, denounce, prosecute10表示“克服、战胜”意思的词语:Overcome, conquer, defeat,11表示“获得、得到”意思的词语:Achieve, obtain, get, accomplish, earn, attain, secure, acquire, gain12表示“抓住”意思的词语:Catch, seize, capture, catch hold of, grab13表示“限制”意思的词语:Limit, confine, restrict.14表示“强迫”意思的词语:compel, constrain, force, oblige。15表示“责怪”意思的词语:blame, condemn, reproach, scold。16表示“困惑、迷惑”意思的词语:bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex。17表示“赞扬、称赞”意思的词语:applaud, clap, commend, praise 18表示“扩大、加强”意思的词语:amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand 19表示“声称”意思的词语:affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim。20表示“附加”意思的词语:affiliate, link, attach, append。21表示“调整、改变”意思的词语:adjust, regulate, rectify, amend,convert, alter, modify, transform, vary。22表示“提供”意思的词语:accommodate, afford, furnish。23表示“取消、除掉”意思的词语:abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish24表示“遵守”意思的词语:abide by, adhere to, conform to , comply with。25表示“繁荣、兴旺”意思的词语:flourish, boom, prosper, succeed.26表示“阻止、停止”意思的词语:stopfrom, prevent.from, keep from, halt, pause, cease27表示“忍受”意思的词语:endure, bear, stand, tolerate, put up with, live with28表示“来自于,出自于,起因于”意思的词语:come from, arise from,derive from, originate from, stem from, result from.29表示“起作用,有重要性”意思的词语:count, matter, play a role, play a part。30字形相似的词:Undergo(经历), understand(理解), undertake(承担,约定), undercut(减低), underlie(成为基础), underline(下划线,强调), undo(解开,恢复), undermine(weaken削弱)31Describe(描绘), prescribe(开处方,规定), ascribe to(归因于),subscribeto(捐助,同意,订阅)32Believe(相信), relieveof (减轻), belief(观点), relief(救济)33字形相似的词:reduce(减少), deduce(推论,推断), induce(引诱,促使), produce34近义词:release(解放,释放), announce(宣布,通知), declare(公开,宣布), proclaim(官方宣布)35字形相似的词:adopt(采纳,采取,收养), adapt (to) (改写,适应), adept(熟练的)36字形相似的词:rise-rose, risen(上升,起身), arise(出现), raise(举起,抬起,抚养), praise(赞扬), arouse(引起,激起)。37字形相似的词:assure(使相信,使放心assure sb. of sth, assure sb. that ), ensure (ensure sth, ensure that保证), insure(保险,投保)38近义词:remember (记得,记住),remind sb. to do(提醒做某事),remind sb. of sth. (使人想起), recall (回忆起,回想起)39近义词:代替replace By /with 和Substitute . For。40表示“吃惊,惊奇”意思的词语:surprise, shock, amaze, astonish,astound,三形容词和副词同义词归纳1表示“与有关/联系”意思的词组 :Be relevant to, be related to, be tied to, be linked to, be associated with, be connected with, be combined with2表示“好”意思的词语:wonderful, excellent, good, super, superb, magnificent, first-class, remarkable, fantastic, cool, splendid.3表示“充足”意思的词语:sufficient, enough, adequate, rich, abundant, plentiful4表示“不足”意思的词语:lack, be short of, for want of, for lack of,5表示“可怕、有害”意思的词语:dreadful, terrible, frightening, horrible, awful, harmful, bad, detrimental, adverse, unfavorable, negative.6表示“有能力做”意思的词语:be competent in/as/to do , be capable of , be qualified for/as, be able to7表示“传统、习惯 ”等有关的词语:traditional, conventional, customary, habitual, social, global8表示“许多、大量 ”意思的词语:many/much, a lot of/lots of/, a large number of, a large amount of, plenty of , plentiful, considerable, ample, numerous, countless,9表示“合不合适”意思的词语:right, proper, suitable, appropriate, fit, improper, unsuitable, inappropriate, unfit10表示“效果、效率”意思的词语:effective, effectual, efficient, sufficient11表示“合不合理 ”的词语:logical, reasonable, sensible, rational, /illogical, unreasonable, irrational12表示“倾向于”意思的词语:be likely to, be liable to, be inclined to, be apt to, tend to13表示“意不意识到”的词语:be aware of, be conscious of, be unaware of, be unconscious of, subconscious(潜意识的)14表示“简短”意思的词语:brief, concise, in brief, in short15表示“合不合法”意思的词语:legitimate, lawful, legal, illegal,16表示“精确、准确”意思的词语:accurate, precise, exact,17表示与“身体”有关意思的词语:bodily, physical, mental, spiritual, materialistic,18表示“态度”意思的词语:optimistic, pessimistic, objective, subjective, impartial,19表示与“谨慎、小心”有关意思的词语:careful, cautious, prudent, careless, carefree20表示“虚弱”意思的词语:weak, fragile, frail, invalid, feeble, vulnerable21表示“基本”意思的词语:basic, elementary, fundamental, primary22表示“天生”意思的词语:inborn, innate, inherent, gifted, talented23表示“普遍、一般”意思的词语:average, common, general, universal, usual24表示“明显的,清楚的”意思的词语:apparent, evident, self-evident, manifest, obvious, distinct, clear/ ambiguous, obscure, unclear25表示“严重的、紧急的”意思的词语:acute, critical, crucial, urgent, serious, emergent26表示“愚蠢,可笑”的词语:absurd, ridiculous, silly, foolish, stupid, ironic, funny27表示“节约,奢侈 ”的词语:economic(经济的), economical(节约的), thrifty(节省的), simple, luxurious, extravagant(浪费的), generous(大方的)28表示“富裕”意思的词语:rich, wealthy, affluent,well-off29表示“仅仅,唯一,就是”意思的词语:only, just, merely, solely, simply, uniquely, alone30表示“可能的”意思的词语:possible, likely, probable, presumable31表示“有决心的,坚定的”意思的词语:determined, resolute, firm, decisive32表示“不断的,不停的”意思的词语:continual, continuous, uninterrupted, successive, eternal, endless, successful(成功的), succession(连续不断)33表示“永久的,永恒的”意思的词语:lasting, ever-lasting, permanent, perpetual, temporary(暂时的)34表示“致命的,要死的 ”意思的词语:deadly, fatal, mortal,35表示“重要的,必要的,关键的”意思的词语:important, significant, vital, critical, crucial, necessary, essential, indispensable36表示“ 愿不愿意”意思的词语:Willing, unwilling=reluctant37表示“喜欢、感兴趣”意思的词语:be interested in, be keen on, be fond of, be crazy about, be enthusiastic about, be addicted to(上瘾)38Internal(内部的), inclusive(包含的), intensive, inside, implicit, external, exclusive, extensive, outside, explicit39Consequent(由而起), subsequent(随后的), frequent(经常的)40字形相似的词:optimal(最佳的,最理想的), optional(可选择的), optical(视力的,光学的), optimistic(乐观的)四动词常用后缀en-, em- 使成为enable(使能够) encourage(鼓励) enforce(实施) enlarge(扩大)entitle(有权利做) empower(授权)endanger(危害) enjoy(喜欢)enrich(变富,使丰富)ensure(确保) enlighten(启发) entrust(委托)-en 做,使变成fasten(系好) harden(使坚固) lengthen(加长) threaten(威胁)loosen(放松,松弛)widen(拓宽) weaken(削弱) strengthen(加强)hasten(急忙,赶快)shorten(缩短) entail(使必要) encode(解码)enclose(装入,封入) enforce(实施,实行) engender(造成,产生) enroll(招收,登记)-ify 化,使成为,变成beautify(美化) intensify(加剧) horrify(使恐怖) clarify(澄清)identify(辨认,识别)justify(认为合理) specify(指定,详述)solidify(巩固)purify(洁净,净化) qualify(胜任,有资格)rectify( 改正,修改)-ize 化,照样子做apologize(道歉) maximize(最大化) organize(组织) utilize(使用)mobilize(动员) criticize(批评) publicize(宣传) visualize(想象)democratize(民主化)characterize(概括) specialize(专攻) realize(实现)industrialize(工业化) revolutionize(彻底改革) recognize(认出) civilize(使文明)五形容词常用后缀-able, -ible, -ble 能够,值得 knowledgeable(知识渊博的) sustainable(可持续的) acceptable available(可以得到的) comparable(可比的) favorable(有利的) honorable(可敬的,光荣的) liable(倾向于,有责任的) noticeable(注 意到的)reliable(可靠的) unbelievable (难以相信的) responsible-al 的,行为,人,物 skeptical(怀疑的) perpetual(永恒的) commercial(商业的) annual(每年的) casual(随意的) classical(古典式的) continual(不断的) conventional(传统的) experimental(实验的) identical(相同的) optional(选择的) detrimental(有害的) critical(关键的,批评的) original(原始的,原创的)-ate - affectionate(亲爱的) passionate(热情的,多情的)-ed 的accustomed(习惯的) advanced(先进的) ashamed(羞愧的)beloved(敬爱的) complicated(复杂的) crowded(拥挤的)learned(有学问的) limited(有限的) naked(裸露的)puzzled(困惑的) amazed(吃惊的)-en 做,使,的,人golden(金色的), wooden(木制的) woolen(羊毛的)-ent- proficient(熟练的) turbulent(动荡不安的) persistent(坚持的)-ful 的 powerful(强大的) doubtful(怀疑的) colorful(五颜六色的) faithful(忠诚的) fearful(畏惧的) fruitful(有成效的) grateful(感谢的) hopeful(有希望的) peaceful(和平的) plentiful(大量的) thoughtful(善于思考的,体贴的)-Fold - 倍数tenfold(十倍的) hundredfold-ic,ical 的,人,学 optimistic(乐观的) dynamic(有活力的) academic(学术的,学业的 artistic(艺术的,高尚的)economic(经济的) electronic(电子的) heroic(英勇的) organic(有机的) systematic(系统的) practical(实际的) statistical(统计的)-ish 的,有性质的 selfish(自私的) British(英国的)-sive -divisive(分裂的)aggressive(挑衅的,好斗的)-tive 的,人,物 assimilative(同化的)conservative(保守的) active(积极的) comparative(比较的) collective(集体的) creative(有创造力的) relative(相关的) protective(保护的)-less 无的,不的 endless(无穷的) careless(粗心的) helpless(无助的) hopeless(没希望的) restless(不安的) worthless(无价值的)-like 如的 childlike(像孩子一样的), godlike(神似的)-ly 的,地 deadly(致命的) elderly(上了年纪的) monthly/weekly/yearly-ous,-ious 的 ambitious(有抱负的) anxious(着急的) cautious(小心的) curious(好奇的) dangerous(危险的) delicious(美味的) famous(著名的) glorious(光荣的) religious(宗教的) suspicious(怀疑的) insidious(隐蔽的)-some- handsome(英俊的) burdensome(有负担的) troublesome(麻烦的) tiresome(讨厌的) quarrelsome(好争吵的)-y 的,人,物 rainy(下雨的) noisy(嘈杂的) dirty greedy(贪婪的) sunny/rainy/cloudy/stormy wealthy(富裕的) slippery(滑的)-ory- compulsory(强迫的,义务的) illusory(欺骗的,虚幻的)同源异义形容词归纳 在英语中有些词有两种或两种以上的形容词形式,它们具有词形相近,但词义不同的特点,在识别时容易用错,需要引起我们特别注意。alternate (changing by turns) 轮流的,交替的alternative (giving a choice between two things) 选择的,两者择一的;beneficial 有益的beneficent 多多行善的childish 幼稚的(ish的形容词后缀常带有贬义)childlike 孩子般的,天真的classic 一流的classical 古典的clean 干净的cleanly 有干净习惯的 Are cats cleanly animals?comprehensible 可以理解的comprehensive 全面的,综合的;广泛的;能充分理解的, 包容的confident 有信心的,自信的confidential 机密的,机要的considerable 可以考虑的,相当的,相当多(大)的 a considerable income/distanceconsiderate (thoughtful)体谅的,体贴的 周到的 She is considerate to others.contemptible可卑的;可耻的 a contemptible liecontemptuous表示轻视的 a contemptuous lookcontinual: 连续的,断断续续的 continual rain/noisecontinuous (going on without a break, an uninterrupted flow) 连续不断的,不停的 /continuous fight/workcredible可信的,可靠的 a credible witnesscredulous (too ready to believe thing) 轻易相信的,易上当的 He always cheats credulous people.creditable (that brings credit)可称赞的 a creditable record/deed/effortincredible 难以置信的incredulous 不轻易相信人的comparable 可比较的, 有类似之处的comparative 比较而言的, 相当的 /There is no scenery comparable to that of the West lake. 没有地方的景色能与西湖的景色相媲美。 /He lived in comparative comfort recently. 他最近生活得相当舒适。desirable 合意的,令人想要的desirous 渴望的desired 某人想要的disinterested 公平的,公正的uninterested 冷淡的,不感兴趣的distinct(clear) 明显的,清晰的distinctive(characteristic) 独特的,有区别的earthly 人间的,尘世的earthy 泥土似的elementary 基本的elemental 自然的economic 经济的,经济学的 economic policy/geography/crisis/economical(careful in the spending of money and time, not waste) 经济的,节俭的; /an economical housewife/store(节俭的主妇或节约型商店)effective 有效果的efficient 有效率的effectual 奏效的ineffectual 无效的electric: 用电的,带电的, 有电的 electric current/cableelectrical: relating to electricity, an idea of a less close connection with electricity 与电有关的,电气的electronic engineering/apparatus 电气工程学/电气设备exceptionable 反对的exceptional 非凡的;特殊的,例外的eternal 永恒的, 永远的, 不灭的, 没完没了的external 外部的,外面的internal 内部的,里面的exclusive 排外的, 孤高的, 唯我独尊的;独占的, 唯一的, 独家的inclusive 包括在内的,包含一切的fatal 致命的fateful 决定性的fleshly 肉体的fleshy 肥胖的forgettable 可以忘记的,forgetful 健忘的(常指人)healthy 健康的healthful 有易于健康的historic(famous in history) 历史上著名的;(associated with past times)与过去时代有关的, 比如 a historic event/speech 历史事件/历史演说historical(belong to history) 历史上的 /a historical people/novel/play/film/painting 历史人物/小说/戏剧/电影/绘画homely 家常的,丑的homelike 像家的imaginable: 可以想象得 imaginable difficultiesimaginary: 想象中的,不真实的 an imaginary figureimaginative: 有想象力的,运用想象力的 an imaginative writerimpractical 不切合实际的impracticable 无法使用的implicit 暗含的,不清楚的explicit 明显的,清楚地industrial 工业的 the industrial revolution/products/systemindustrious=hard-working, diligent勤奋的,刻苦的 industrious peopleingenious 有独创性的;机灵的;精制的;具有创造才能ingenuous 直率的,天真的intelligent 有才智的, 聪明的 an intelligent looking girl intelligent answerintelligible 易了解的, 易领悟的 an intelligible speech/explanationintellectual 知识的, 智力的tense 紧张的intense 强烈的,剧烈的,高度的 intense heat 炽热/pain an intense lady 热情的女子intensiv

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