中考英语-主谓一致讲解及练习(教师版)可以直接打印-有答案.doc

。初中英语：主谓一致及其练习一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 二、 主谓一致常考题型1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。例如： The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。例如： Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如： More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 6. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 7. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To see is to believe 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 8. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 9. 主语为某些词组，如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.12.somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如： Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 没有人在家。 13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。 14. 以s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等，例如： No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。 11. people, police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family, class, group, team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如： The police are waiting for the boy. People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。 His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。15. 由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。16 “定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner.16. a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。 17. 当kind of, pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind, pair, glass 等一致。例如： This pair of shoes is Toms. 这双鞋是汤姆的。 There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。 18. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。例如： The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 19. 以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如： There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔。 Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。 20 or, eitheror，neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如： Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。 Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。 21 当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。例如： Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。 22 “lots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名词”或“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词取决于名词的数；若是不可数名词，用单数；若名词是复数，则用复数23. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如： The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) 24 none 如果指量，动词用单数。若用来指数目，与可数名词连用，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，none 如果代表不可数名词时谓语动词用单数。 None of the land has become desert.这些土地都没有变成沙漠。25 all/most/half/two thirds of/the rest of+名词作主语，谓语动词由of后面的名词的数保持一致。Most of his time is spent on study.26. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。2. 实战演练Part 1.( ) 1. -Have you got some water to drink?-Here you are. There_ still some in the bottle.A. are B. were C. is D. was( ) 2 ._ there many American friends in the school last Friday?A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were( ) 3. There _ a great many accidents last year.A. were B. are C. is D. was( ) 4 .-How many children _ in the picture?-Three.A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are therePart 2( ) 1. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests.A. were B. has been C. / D. was( ) 2. Most of our earth_ covered by water.A. are B. is C. was D. were( ) 3. Sunday _ the first day of the week.A. is B. are C. am D. be( ) 4.Neither_right.A. answers are B. answers arent C. answer is D. answer isntPart 3( ) 1. The population of the world _ still _ now.A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown( ) 2.There _ many people running in the park every morning.A. is B. were C. are D. have( ) 3. These police often_the children across the street.A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helpingPart 4( ) 1. _ going to England by air next week.A. The Green family are B. The Greens family areC. The Greens family are D. Green family are( ) 2.The whole family _ enjoying the beautiful music now.A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all( ) 3.Our class _ big.A. is B. are C. were D. willPart 5( ) 1. Neither he nor I _ from Canada. We are from Australia.A. is B. are C. am D. be( ) 2. Either you or he _ right.A. are B. is C. does D. were( ) 3. Neither Mary nor her brother_ good at singing.A. is B. are C. is not D. are not( ) 4. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary _ busy.A. is B. was C. are D. hasPart 6( ) 1. Physics _ interesting to us.A. are B. has C. is D. were( ) 2. The news_ exciting. We got excited at it.A. is B. was C. were D. are( ) 3. Though mathematics_ hard, we all work at it hard.A. are B. were C. was D. is 1How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are2Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They havent been back.A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone3Neither my father _ going to see the patient.A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is4Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers5The number of _ in our class _ fifty. A. student, isB. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are6The number of the students in our class _ 54. A. is B. are C. has D. have7Not only I but also Jane and Mary_ tired of having one examination after anotherAis Bare Cam Dbe8A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. Ais offered Bhas offered Care offered Dhave offered9When and where to build the new factory _yet Ais not decided Bare not decided Chas not decided Dhave not decided10The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons Awere，was Bwas, was Cwas，were Dwerewere11Between the two buildings _a monumentAis standing Bstanding Cstands Dstand12Many a student _that mistake before.Ahad made Bhas been made Chave mad D has made13None of the money _hisAis Bare Cbelongs Dwere14About three-fifths of the work _done yesterdayAhad Bwas Cwere Dhave15 Neither your sister nor mine _the good newsLets tell them Aknow B knows CknewI. .用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Two thousand miles _ (be) too far for us to travel over a short vacation. 2. The old in my country _ (be) cared for by their children and grandchildren. 3. There _ (be) a pair of trousers on the sofa. 4. Ten divided by two _ (equal) five. 5. The Chinese people _ (be) a great people. 6. Nobody but Tim and Tom _ (be) in the room. 7. Li Fang like many girls _ (like) dancing. 8. Every boy and every girl _ (want) to go there. 9. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ (be) sea. 10. All of the work _ (be) finished. II.选择填空。 1. The rich _ not always happy. A. are B. is C. has D. have 2. The old woman, together with her two grandsons, _ crossing the road. A. are B. is C. has D. have 3. This pair of trousers _ Lucys. Your trousers _ on your bed. A. is, are B. is, is C. are, are D. are, is 4. Ten kilometers _ a very long way to go in a day. A. are B. has C. is D. have 5. Climbing hills _ better than having classes. A. are B. is C. was D. have 6. What he wanted to know _ why they didnt tell him. A. are B. was C. were D .is 7. Either you or he _ to stay at home this afternoon. A. has B. have C. are D. is 8. Neither of the twins _ bread. A. like B. likes C. liked D. is like 9. Fish and chips _ my favorite food. A. is B. are C. has D. become 10. The singer and dancer _ come to our city. A. are B. is C. have D. has 11. Three-fourths of the water _ gone. A. is B. are C. have D. were 12. Everybody, men and women, young and old, _ listening to the radio here. A. enjoys B. enjoy C. is enjoyed D. are enjoyed 13. Either Tom or Maria _ sure to know the answer. A. are B. be C. is D. were14. Neither you nor he _ how to answer the question. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. to know 15. I as well as they _ ready to help you. A. am B. are C. is D. be 16.The number of the students in the class _ about forty. A. is B. are C. were D .have 17. Every hour and every minute _ important. A. are B. be C. is D. were 18.Look! The Turner family _ having supper under the tree in front of their house. A. is B. are C. like D. like 19. Not only the twins but also their father _ the film. A. like B. likes C. liking D. is like 20. He is one of the children who _ fond of playing football. A. is B. was C. were D. are 四、应用性训练。 I.用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Neither the teacher nor the students _ (have) enough time. 2. Most of the houses _ (need) painting. 3. A person who has good friends _ (enjoy) life more. 4. John, together with his family, _ (be) flying to London. 5. Few of my family really _ (understand) me. 6.One third of the students_(be) boys. 7.There_(be) twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 8.Many a students _(have) this new dictionary. 9.Every man, woman and child _(be) asked to contribute. 10.An old man or mature(成熟) woman_(be) needed for this job. II. 选择填空。 1. There _a lot of people at the street corner when the accident happened. A. Was B. were C. have been D. had 2. Neither she nor Dick and I _interested in maths. A Is B. are C. am D. be 3. Fish and chips _the most popular take-away food in England. A.Are B. is C. were D. was 4. How many students are there in your school ? -_the students in our school _over two thousand. A. The number of; of B.The number of ; are C.A number of ; of D. A number of ;are 5. All my classmates, except Wu Lin,_ interested in singing English songs. A. Is B. am C.are D.be 6. Neither he nor I _from Canada. We awe from Australia. A. Is B. was C.am D.be 7. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25_Christmas Day. A. is B. was C.has been D.will be 8. He thinks that two moths _quite a long time. A. is B.are C. be D. was 9. There _a sports meeting in our school next week. A.will hold B. will have C. is going to be D. is going to hold 10. Are the twins on thee team -No, neither of them_on the team. A.is B. Are C. were D.be 11. Im going to do some shopping this Sunday.-So_. A. do B. will C. am I D.I am 12. What_ the popular of Canada? Do you think it will_? A. is; become B. are; become C. are; grow D. is; grow 13. This pair of trousers_. A.is mine B. is my C. are my D. are mine 14. Even a child knows that _are made of_. A.glasses; glass B.glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses 15.The number of pages in this book _three hundred. A. is B. are C. has D.have 16. The Smiths _China since the summer of 1993. A. has been to B. have been to C. has been in D. have been in 17. Not only the parents but also Mary _ London .They will come back in five days. A. has been to B. have been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 18. In our country, the old _taken good care of and the young_ well educated. A.is B. are C. has D. have 19. Each man and each woman _bring some water here. A. Has B. have C. has to D. have to 20. Every one except Tom and John_ there then. A.is B. was C. are D.were 主谓一致参考答案：1. 1 -4 C D A D2. 1-4 D B A C3. 1 -3 C C A4. 1 -3 A D A5. 1 -4 C B A C6. 1 -3 C B 参考答案1B解析该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体，谓语动词用单数形式。2D解析该题考查的是主谓一致。如果由not onlybut