1992-2007年所有的专八翻译及答案.doc

2007年八级翻译PART V TRANSLATION(60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESETranslate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.?Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.=参考译文：Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。 全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。 我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。 考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。=两段翻译出处汉英翻译:美生灵 （张炜 读者2006年13期） 暮色中，河湾落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 也就在这一幅绚丽的图画旁边，河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食，它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄昏滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自在自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情、洁白的牙、那丰富而单纯的表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯。 没有比它们更柔情、更需要依恋和爱护的动物了，它们与人类有着至为紧密的关系，它们几乎成为所有食肉动物的腹中之物，特别包括了人类。它们被豢养，被保护，却要付出生命的代价。它们只吃草，生成的却是奶、是最后交出的全部。它们咩咩的叫声，可以呼唤出多少美好的情愫。它们那神秘、不可以理解的互相倾诉和呼唤，那由于鸣叫而微微开启的嘴巴、上皱的鼻梁，都让人感到一个纯洁生命的可爱。 它们像玉石一样的灰蓝色眼睛，有时会一动不动地看着你，直到把你看得羞愧，看得不知所措。 他们幼小的时候，就长出了一撮胡须，甚至还长出了两个可爱的肉坠；你抚摸这胡须这肉坠，似乎看到它在向你微笑，向你无声地询问：你的来路，你的归路。可是它惟独不谈自己，不触及那无一例外的凄惨的命运。人在这种美生灵面前，应该更多的悟想。人一生要有多少事情要做，要克服多少障碍，才能走到完美的彼岸。这遥遥无期的旅程，折磨的的恰是人类自己的灵魂，而不仅仅是这一类的生灵。人类一天不能揩掉手上的血迹，就一天不会获得最终的幸福。这是人类的全体未曾被知的一个大限、一个可怕的命数。在这个命数面前，敏慧的心灵应该有所震栗。 温柔和弱小常常被欺辱，可是生命的无可企及的美却可以摧毁一切，它最终仍然具有威慑力和涤荡力。 三只小羊跟在它们的母亲身边，那种稚声稚气的咩咩声至为动人。它们的母亲只顾寻找食物，几乎对它们的呼叫充耳不闻。它需要抓紧时间摄取更多的养料，以便生成奶水来伺喂它们。它知道这些撒娇声，这嗲声嗲气的求告和呼喊没有多少要紧三个孩子没有使母亲注意它们，最后竟自觉无聊地在一块儿戏耍起来，像赌气似的，离母亲尽可能远一点，用有些笨拙的、粗粗的、像木棍一样的前腿去踢踏绿草；或者是瞅准了一个踽踽前行的小甲虫，用毛烘烘的嘴巴去碰触，打一个不为人知的小喷嚏。它们有时候也干架吵嘴，甚至拳脚相加，额头碰在一起比赛角力，甚至故意伏在另一个的背上，让它一边包怨一边往前走这样的把戏玩了一会儿重又无趣起来，它们就一块儿向着远方奔跑，一窜一窜的，那是学着大羊们奔跑的样子。它们一口气跑到了河边，最后返回，从几只大羊的空隙中站起来它们想起了母亲，立刻惊慌失措地呼叫起来，它们的母亲也在寻找孩子它一抬头发现孩子们不见了。母亲的叫声比小羊的叫声粗重有力多了。这遥遥相对的呼应此起彼伏，渐渐惊动了群羊。所有的羊都昂头发出了叫声，帮一个母亲或孩子。后来它们三个重新回母亲身边，羊群才开始寻找食物。荒原、草地、最开阔的原野，好像最适合放牧，它们就应该是羊的世界。羊们几乎毫无侵犯性，全身都蓄满了阳光。它们把这温暖和热量分赠人类，人类却对这宝贵的馈赠毫无感谢之情。他们已经习惯了从羸弱的生命里索取和掠夺，因为他们自己在同类中也常常这样做。在不同的物种之间、不同的动物之间，比人类更无知更野蛮更荒谬的，并不是很多。比起很多更弱小的生命来，人类几乎不懂得羞愧。他们也曾编造和制定出一些道德的规范和准则，却对自己的不道德视而不见。他们更多的时间像羊一样吃草，有机会却要放下草吃羊。他们常常奢谈自然界的所谓“食物链”，却从来不研究自己与其他动物所构成的“食物链”。在整个神奇宇宙的生命链条中，人类构成了多么可怕的一环。作为某些个体，他们不乏优秀的悟者；作为群体，他们却是无知的莽汉。他们在把整个星球推向毁灭的边缘，却又沾沾自喜地夸耀和骄傲 暮色苍茫中，这一群美生灵被霞光勾勒出一片剪影。它们驮着所剩无几的光明踽踽而行。它们大概也会有关于黄河岸边这美好一天的记忆吧。每一天对它们大约都是珍贵的。灿烂的阳光，绚丽的黄昏，无边的阔水和碧绿的草地大概它们心中都会留有这美好的印痕和足迹吧。从它们灰蓝色的眼睛里，从那种默默的注视中，似乎可以感受它那潜在的灵性、温柔的本色、善良的心情。在这生命进化的历史上，它们的确是一些跨过了漫长世界的苍老的生命；它们也许懂得太多太多：关于这个星球、关于漫漫时光、关于生命的秘密。原来它们颌下垂挂的那一缕胡须，远远不是什么滑稽的标志，而是深刻的象征。它们正因为对这个世界知晓得太多，才这样听天由命。 它们从来都没有停止去做的，就是每天用自己弱小的身躯，驮回最后一缕阳光。英汉翻译:6月30日，哈佛大学校长劳伦斯萨默斯演讲Today, I speak from this podium a final time as your president. As I depart, I want to thank all of you - students, faculty, alumni and staff - with whom I have been privileged to work over these past years. Some of us have had our disagreements, but I know that which unites us transcends that which divides us.今天，我将以校长的身份，最后一次在这个讲台上演讲。即将离任前，我要感谢诸位学生、教师、校友和员工，而且非常荣幸在过去的5年里能与你们共事。我们中的一些人意见不尽相同， 但是，我知道，我们的共识远远超越分歧。Some things look different to me than they did five years ago. The world that todays Harvards graduates are entering is a profoundly different one than the world administrators entered.在我看来，现在于5年前不同了。今天的哈佛毕业生正在进入的世界和管理人员当年所进入的世界相比已是大相径庭了。It is a world where opportunities have never been greater for those who know how to teach children to read, or those who know how to distribute financial risk; never greater for those who understand the cell and the pixel; never greater for those who can master, and navigate between, legal codes, faith traditions, computer platforms, political viewpoints.现今世界，机遇对于这些人来说是空前的：他们知道如何教子女阅读；他们知道如何组合投资；他们懂得【计算机科学】 基本存储单元和像素概念；他们能掌握各种法典、传统信仰、计算机平台、政治观点并在其中游刃有余。It is also a world where some are left further and further behind - those who are not educated, those trapped in poverty and violence, those for whom equal opportunity is just a hollow phrase.同时，现今世界，一些人越来越落后于时代。这些人没受过教育、深陷于贫穷和暴力、平等机遇对他们而言，仅是一句空话。Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。Universities are where the wisdom we cannot afford to lose is preserved from generation to generation. Among all human institutions, universities can look beyond present norms to future possibilities, can look through current considerations to emergent opportunities.大学是人类把不可或缺的智慧世代流传的殿堂。就人类所有公共机构而言，仅仅大学，能够超越当前的准则，注意到未来的可能性；能通过目前的判断，注意到突发的机遇。And among universities, Harvard stands out. With its great tradition, its iconic reputation, its remarkable network of 300,000 alumni, Harvard has never had as much potential as it does now.哈佛在大学中间，鹤立鸡群。凭其伟大的传统、因袭声誉及其非凡的300000校友网，哈佛的潜力前所未有。And yet, great and proud institutions, like great and proud nations at their peak, must surmount a very real risk: that the very strength of their traditions will lead to caution, to an inward focus on prerogative and to a complacency that lets the world pass them by.可是，就像伟大和自豪的国家在其鼎盛时期一样，它们必须克服一个完全不能掉以轻心的危险因素：它们传统的绝对强势将会导致谨小慎微、追求内部特权及自满，这将使它们不能与时俱进.And so I say to you that our University today is at an inflection point in its history. At such a moment, there is temptation to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction, but this would be a mistake. The Universitys matchless resources - human, physical, financial - demand that we seize this moment with vision and boldness. To do otherwise would be a lost opportunity. We can spur great deeds that history will mark decades and even centuries from now. If Harvard can find the courage to change itself, it can change the world.今天，哈佛正处于其历史的转折点。此时此刻的自然倾向是，把贪图舒适和随波逐流留凌驾于进步和方向性之上，但，这可能是错误的。大学无与伦比的资源人、财、物要求我们远见卓识和勇敢地抓住这个时机，否则，将会坐失良机。我们能推动将会被历史永世铭记的伟大的事业。如果哈佛能找到勇气来改变自己，它就能改变世界。 2006年八级翻译 中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多；因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫利哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实、比西方人容易满足。 I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.参考译文 一.Chinese people has never thought of human being as the highest creature among everything since ancient times, whose reflection takes a quite appropriate proportion with all others in our natural world in both aspects of philosophy and arts, but not as an absolute dominant ruler. Therefore, our bitterness and depression are basically less than those of westerners, because the intensity of which is growing with the expansion of ones desire and ambition. People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their wants are far less either. Besides, ancient Chinese always regard not confined by material, not driven by material as the major philosophy. It not means we do not have misers, but in comparison with Mauriat and Balzacs miser and aspirant, that is dwarfed. Chinese people almost characterized by moderation, peacefulness, insecular, plainess, and easier to get satisfied than westerners. 二.Since ancient times the Chinese nationalities have never considered human beings to be superior to every other species. As is reflected in Chinese philosophy, literature and art, in the natural world human beings occupy a positioning proportion to all other creatures and the former do not absolutely dominate the latter. Therefore, generally speaking, we Chinese feel depressed less often and less severely than people in the west, for the intensity of ones depression literally changes along with the magnitude of ones desire and ambition. As people in an agricultural society enjoy much fewer comforts than those in an industrial society, they have fewer desires or wishes. Besides, ancient Chinese always took it as their most fundamental philosophy of life that one should not merely be confined to material pursuits, or be kept in bondage by material things. It is quite true that there are misers in China. But Chinese misers prove less miserly and less ambitious when they are compared with those misers and careerists described by Moliai and Balzac. Being very mild-tempered, most of the ethnic groups in China live a simple life without worldly desires. In comparison with western people, the Chinese people are easily satisfied. Section BEnglish to Chinese 参考译文除了苦干、流汗、流泪、甚至流血，我别无所能。我们所面对的是一种最痛苦的磨难，是历时数月之久的斗争和苦难。你们会问， 我们的对策是什么？我认为是从地面，海上和空中发动的一场战争，一场竭尽我们所能，竭尽上帝所赐予我们的全部力量的战争，一场与人类罪行簿上所记载的最黑暗，最悲哀的恶魔暴政相抗争的战争。你们还会问， 我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利，付出任何代价的胜利，不顾任何恐怖的胜利。没有胜利就没有生存。我们必须意识到这一点：没有胜利，就没有大英帝国的存在， 就没有大英帝国所代表的一切的存在， 就没有愿望的存在， 就没有时代理想的存在， 就没有朝着人类目标的买进。2005年八级翻译 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。部分译文：Accomplished men of all ages treat their lives very seriously. As long as they are living, they always labor, work, and study as hard as possible, unwilling to spend time in vain, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.本文原文标题About Reading Books 作者：Virginia Woolf It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography,poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellowworker and accomplice.If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.谈 读 书维吉尼亚伍夫 既然书籍有不同的门类，如小说、传记、诗歌等，我们就应该把它们区分开来，并从每种中汲取它应当给我们提供的正确的东西;这话说起来固然容易，然而，很少有人要求从书籍中得到它们所能提供的东西，通常我们总是三心二意地带着模糊的观念去看书：要求小说情节真实，要求诗歌内容虚构，要求传记阿谀奉承，要求历史能加深我们自己的偏见。如果我们读书时能抛弃所有这些成见，那将是一个极可贵的开端。我们对作者不要指手划脚，而应努力站在作者的立场上，设想自己在与作者共同创作。假如你退缩不前，有所保留并且一开始就批评指责，你就在妨碍自己从你所读的书中得到最大的益处, 然而，如果你能尽量敞开思想，那么，书中开头几句迂回曲折的话里所包含的几乎难以觉察的细微的迹象和暗示，就会把你引到一个与众不同的人物的面前去。如果你深入下去，如果你去认识这个人物，你很快就会领悟作者正在给你或试图给你某些明确得多的东西。倘若我们首先考虑怎样读小说，那么，一部小说中的三十二章就是企图创造出象一座建筑物那样既有一定的形式而各部分又受到控制的东西，不过词句要比砖块难以捉摸，阅读的过程要比看一看更费时、更复杂。理解小说家创作工作的各项要素的捷径也许并不是阅读，而是写作，而是亲自试一试遣词造句中的艰难险阻。那么，回想一下给你留下鲜明印象的某些事比如，你怎样在大街的拐角处从两个正在交谈着的人身边走过，树在摇曳、灯光在晃动，谈话的语气既喜又悲；这一瞬间似乎包含了一个完整的想象，一个整体的构思。作者简介：维吉尼亚伍夫（1882-1941），英国小说家，在她的小说里，缩小作者作为叙述者或评论者的作用。她同时也是一位公认的评论家。注释：blur模糊;使模糊不清 banish 流放,放逐 preconception偏见 try to become him：应努力站在作者的立场上。 become在这里用作及物动伺、解作配合、适应。 impalpable无形的 contained从容的2004年八级翻译Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. 在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”吧。SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Translate the underlined part of the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness. Im lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a brea k, when fro the time being I feel empty ad need filling up. And I am lonely somet imes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of peopl e and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sor ted out. Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my se lf is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person. It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment co mes when the worlds falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconsc ious, bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly un derstood.参考译文1： We shouldnt be too romantic about human relationships. Human beings are funny. Usually, when they meet a person they will first notice his or her merits. Its just like the experience of dinning in a restaurant. The starter or cold dish will leave you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while eating the firsttwo main courses. The more you eat, the calmer you will become. At the end of the dinner all the shortcomings come out. Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nitpicking, and headingnodding to headshaking. This is because: first, you are hungry when you begin eating. When you are hungry, the bran tastes as sweet as honey; when you are full, even the honey tastes insipid. SECTION B English to Chinese 只有在我过于劳累，在我长时间无间断地工作，在我感到内心空虚，需要填补的时候，我才寂寞。而有时在我巡回演讲后回家时，在我见了许多人，讲了许多话，且经历多得需要清理时，我才寂寞。 于是有那么一小会儿感觉房子又大又空，我都不知道我的自我藏在哪儿了。于是我会给植物浇浇水，或者将它们再挨个儿瞅瞅，好像它们是人一样。这样我才慢慢地重新找回自我。 好大一会儿，我看着水浪从喷泉中喷涌而出，但只有当世界在我身边逐渐消逝时，那一时刻才会到来，自我又从内心深处的无意识中冒出来，带来我最近的种种经历，让我探究，慢慢领会。2003年八级翻译SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. 在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，顿感被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，霎时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥