高三英语非谓语动词综合讲练教程课件+新课标+人教版.ppt

非谓语动词综合讲练教程 河工 不定式 动名词用作主语 动名词作主语 1 直接作主语 1 眼见为实 2 天天做早操有益于健康 3 吸烟不是好习惯 1 Seeingisbelieving 2 Doingmorningexerciseseverydayisgoodforhealth3 Smokingisnotagoodhabit 2 用it作形式主语 常与nouse nogood useless worthwhile连用 1 广说不做没用 2 做无益的后悔没用 3 吸烟太多无益 4 学好英语是值得做的 1 It snousetalkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganything2 It suselesscryingoverthespiltmilk 3 It snogoodsmokingtoomuch4 It sworthwhilelearningEnglishwell 5 不定式作主语 1 直接作主语 1 眼见为实 2 今天早晨做早操对身体无益 3 在这里吸烟很危险 1 Toseeistobelieve2 Todomorningexercisestodayisnotgoodforhealth 3 Tosmokehereisdangerous 2 用it作形式主语 有自己特定的句型 1 你这么说真是太好了 2 他说出这样的话太愚蠢了 3 我们学好英语是必要的 4 你们学好英语语法并不难 1 Itisverykindofyoutosayso 2 It sveryfoolishofhimtosaysuchthings3 ItisnecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell4 It snotdifficultforyoutolearnwellEnglishgrammar 3 固定句型 1 李垒每天花两个半小时完成作业 2 你昨晚用多长时间写完的作文 1 IttakesLiLeitwoandahalfhourstocompletehishomework 2 Howlongdidittakeyoutofinishwritingyourcomposition 小结 动名词与不等式作主语时的区别 一 对称原则二 特殊表达三 固定句型四 习惯用法 主语和表语对称 动名词表示经常性 反复发生的动作不等式表示具体的 某一次的动作 Ittakessbsometimetodosth It snouse nogood useless worthwhile doing It skind wise clever ofsbtodosthIt simportant necessary hard forsbtodosth Task completethefollowingsentences 没有用 learningwithoutpracticeIt snogood 广说不做 It snecessary 我们学好英语 It verykind 你帮助我 Howlong 你每天参加体育活动 Becauseoftheheavysandstorm 今天做晨练 isofnobenefittoyou Multiplechoice 1 Itisverygenerous youtobuymesuchanicegiftofB forC toD with2 Youareclever itwillbeeasy youtoworkoutthewordpuzzleofB forC toD with3 Ithinkitnogood withoutdoinganything A toplayaboutB playaroundC playingaboutD playedaround It snouse talkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganythingforustolearnEnglishwellofyoutohelpmedoesittakeyoutodosporteverydaytodomorningexercisestoday 不定式 动名词作宾语 一 句型转换Ithinkitnouse doingsthIfeelitstupidofhimtosaysuchsillythingstoherIfindituneasyforyoutolearnyoursubjectswellwithouthardworkCanyoutellmehowmanyhoursittookyoutodoyourhomework 二 A下列动词只能带动名词作宾语 记住下面这句话 巧记共35个多动词MissRescallcanenjoyfiveapplesatduskMissRescall miss mind risk recall resistCan can thelp consider can tresist complete can tstand bear Enjoy enjoyescape excuse endureFive finish fancyfeellike favorite 利于 imagine include advise avoid appreciate admit allow practise postpone pardon prevent putoffdusk delay understand suggest keep deny否认 D 下列动词只能带不定式作宾语 记住下面这句话 2HD3A4P worstfem各一 巧记近20个多动词afford agree attempt decide demand expect fail help hope manage offer plan pretend prepare promise refuse seem tend wish B以介词to结尾的常用短语be getusedto cometo devoteoneselfto listento lookforwardtoobjectto getdownto prefer to payattentionto refertostickto C特殊句型1spend waste in doing2bebusy in doing3havedifficulty trouble fun pleasure agood hardtime indoing4stop prevent from doing5Thereis nouse noharm nohurry in doingsth 在forget remember regret want need require try stop goon mean等动词后 可接不定式 也可接动名词做宾语 但含义差别 1forget remember regret doing动作已经发生 todo动作未发生2want need require doing表被动 tobedone注 beworthdoing beworthytobedone3trydoing试着做trytodo尽力做 想要做4stopdoing停止做某事 先后是一件事 stoptodo停下来做某事 先后不是同一件事 5goondoing继续敌某事 先后是同一件事 goontodo接下来做某事 先后不是同一件事 6meandoing意味着做某事meantodo故意或想要做某事7can thelpdoingsth抑制不住 禁不住做某事can thelp to dosth无帮助 无助于做某事8 onlytodo 结果是 出乎预料 onlydoing 结果是 必然是 E 注意下列11种不同动词或句型的用法 9prefertodo ratherthando 宁愿 而不 preferdoing todoing wouldratherdo thando woulddo ratherthando 10havenothingtodo donothingbut exceptdo 只好做 别无选择 enjoydoingnothingbutdoing 只喜欢做 wantnothingbuttodo 只想做 11在begin start continue等词后可接不定式作宾语 也可接动名词作宾语 意义区别不大 但要注意1 本身是 ing形式时 其后要接不定式2 如果表示主语有意识地开始做某事 多用动名词3 主语是物多用不定式4 其后的动词是表示情感的或与智力有关的 不用v ing形式know realize hate love understand wonder remember forget Task completethefollowingsentences Doyouremember 以前见过这个人吗 Hedenied 冤枉了他的父母 Sheregreted 在会上给领导提了意见 Don twastetime 劝他戒烟 Iwouldratherstayathome 也不出去玩 Doyouthinkitnecessary 我们学好英语 Howlongdidittakeyou 写完作文 Hehasdonenothingbut 玩了一整天 Onhearingthenews Tom 抑制不住哭了 LittleSophiawentthetheater only 被告知演出结束了 seeingthemanbeforedoingwrongtotheirparentsputtingforwardthesuggestiontotheirleader advisinghimtogiveupsmokingthangoouttoplayforustolearnEnglishwelltofinishedwritingyourcompositionplayalldaylongcouldn thelpcryingtobetoldthattheperformancehadbeenover Multiplechoice1 Wouldyoumind thedoor openB openingC toopenD opened Somuchforthenewwordsandexpressions let sgoon thetext theteachersaidwithasmile totalkaboutB talkingaboutC tobetalkingD talkaboutI msorry butI veforgotten myhomeworkwithme A tobringB tobebringC bringingD brought Thisroomneeds It stooshabby paintB paintingC topainD paintedHaveyouconsidered toimproveyourspokenEnglish A practisinglisteningandspeakingB practisingtolistenandspeakC topractiselisteningandspeakingD topractisetolistenandspeak6 Attheageof18hebegan theimportanceofknowledge A understandB understandingC understoodD tounderstand7 Intheolddays manypeoplecouldn tafford theirchildrentoSchool A sentB sendingC tosendDsend8 Wehaven theardfromJaneforalongtime Whatdoyousuppose toher A washappeningB tohappenC hashappenedD havinghappened9 Weallappreciate wheneveryouhavetime A JanedropinB Jane sdroppinginC JanetodropinD Janedropsin10 Haveyougotused inHarbin A tolivingB toliveC livingD tobeliving11 Nobodyiswillingtogotoapartywithout A askingB tobeaskedC beingaskedD havingasked 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 C 9 B 10 C 11 C 非谓语动词作表语 动名词作表语1对称原则 主语是动名词 表语一般也用动名词Seeingisbelieving2动名词作表语表明主语的性质或内容 有时可与主语互换 MyjobisteachingyouEnglish TeachingyouEnglishismyjob 不定式作表语 1 计划 趋势将要做的sheistogetmarriednextweek 2 责任 义务必须做的I mtoseeyouoffattheairporttomorrow 3 祁使 命令不得不做的You retostandhere doyouunderstand 4 命运安排 注定做的Disneymetthemouseandhewastobecomeafamousartist 分词作表语表示主语的特点特征 现在分词表示主动 过去分词表示被动 不及物动词的过去分词表示完成Thebookisinterestingandthestudentsaremoved Heiscome Thequestsaregone Theleavesarefallen 非谓语动词作定语 动名词作定语表示被修饰词用途drinkingwater thewaterthatis used fordrinkingdrinkingwater livingroom sittingroom washingpowder 分词作定语 表被修饰词的特点 特征 单个分词作定语前置 分词短语作定语 放在所修饰词之后 现在分词和过去分词的区别 时态上 现在分词表示正在进行 过去分词表示已经完成 语态上 现在分词表示主动 过去分词表示被动boilingwater thewaterthatisboiling fallenleaves boiledwatersleepingchild thechildwhoisasleepamovingfilm amovedgirlTherewasasurprisedlookonherfaceatthenews 动词不定式作定1 后置 表示将来Intheyearstocome wewillstudyharderandharder ThisistheHopeProjectSchooltobebuiltnextyear 2 当特定的谓语动词 有 需要 给 找 弄have need want give find get 后的名词 或宾语 用不定式来修饰 1 Ihavealotofworktodo 2 Iwanttogetsomethingtoread 3 Doyouneedsomewatertodrink 4 Pleasegivemeapieceofpapertowriteon 5 Let sfindaroomtoputthosethingsin 3 当名词有特定的定语 如形容词 副词的最高级 序数词及next only right等 其后接不定式作定语Heisthefirst student tocomeandthelasttoleave Whereisthebestplacetomeet Weneedthenextroomtoholdcorn Heistheonlypersontobefitforthejob 4 一些需要不定式作宾语的动词转化成的名词 agreement attempt decision need promise plan wish等 常用不定式来修饰 Thereisnoneedtosendforadoctor 注 1 不及物动词或特殊用法 要加合适的介词 Theyneedahousetolivein Therearemanymodelbikestochoosefrom Practise 1 Theman stand overtherenow 2 Theman stand overtherethen 3 Theman stand overthereyesterday 4 Theman stand overthereveryoften 5 Theman stand overtheretomorrow isstandingwasstandingstoodstandswillstand 1 Theman stand overtherenowisfromAmerica 2 Theman stand overtherethenisfromAmerica 3 Theman stand overthereyesterdayisfromAmerica 4 Theman stand overthereveryoftenisfromAmerica 5 Theman stand overtheretomorrowisfromAmerica whoisstandingwhowasstandingwhostoodwhostandswhowillstand whois standing whowas standing who stood standing who stands standing whowill stand tostand Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms 1 Thebuilding build herenow 2 Thebuilding build herethen 3 Thebuilding build herelastyear 4 Thebuilding build hereveryoften 5 Thebuilding build herealready 6 Thebuilding build herenextyear 1 Thebuilding build herenowisaschool 2 Thebuilding build herethenisaschool 3 Thebuilding build herelastyearisaschool 4 Thebuilding build hereveryoftenisaschool5 Thebuilding build herealreadyisaschool 6 Thebuilding build herenextyear isbeingbuiltwasbeingbuiltwasbuiltisbuilthasbeenbuiltwillbebuilt whichisbeingbuiltwhichwasbeingbuiltwhichwasbuiltthatisbuiltthathasbeenbuiltthatwillbebuilt whichis beingbuilt whichwas beingbuilt whichwas built thatis built thathasbeen built thatwill tobebuilt Task completethefollowingsentences 1 Doyouknowthegirl 名叫沙丽的 Whoisthewoman 站在柜台后的 Whatisthehouse 在建的 usedfor We llmoveintothebuilding 明年竣工的 Herwish 当一名作家 willsurelycometrue Wheredoyouthinkisthebestplace 放这个书架 Canyougetme 一些水喝 Whoistherightperson 适合这项工作 It sfallalreadyandyoucansee 地上有很多落叶 Whoistheboy 经常在操场上踢足球 called namedSally Standingbehindthecounter beingbuilt tobecompletednextyear tobeawriter toputthebookshelf somewatertodrink tobefitforthejob manyfallenleavesontheground oftenplayingfootballontheplayground Multiplechoice1 Atthesightofthestranger therewasa expressiononherfaceSurprisedB surprisingC shockingD angry2 Thesupermarket isthebiggestoneinourcity A havingalreadybeenbuiltB hasingalreadybeenbuiltC beingalreadybuiltD alreadybuilt 非谓语动词作补语 一 带to的不定式作宾补 abrightpacefoul一次聪明的速度犯规 A在allow ask advise beg command cause encourage expect force get hateinvitelikeorderpermitpreferremindtellurgewant wish等动词后 用带to的不定式作宾补 1 Ipreferyounottoplayalldaylong 2 I dlikeyoutohelpmewithmyhomework 3 You dbettergetmorepeopletodothework 二 表示见解 看法的动词 宾语 带to的不定式 tobedoing tohavedone 具有这种用法的动词有 believe consider declare discover feel find guess imagine judge suppose think understand1 Wefoundtherumortrue 2 Iconsiderhimtohavedonewrong 3 Ialwaysimaginemetobeamillionaire 4 Ifelthimtobeaspy 三 短语动词 宾语 带to的不定式 这类动词有arrangefor askfor callon counton dependon longfor relyon waitfor1 YoucannotcountonTomtohelpyou ChairmanMaocalledonustoservethepeopleheartandsoul 四 省to的不定式作宾补 宾补省to记11 一感二听三使役 五看一帮两均可 被动该to不能弃 feel hear listento have let make see lookat notice observe watch helpWeoftenseethemplayfootball TheyareoftenseentoplayfootballHewasmadetostandoutsidefortwohours 分词短语作宾补一 能带现在分词做宾补的动词有 have get keep set send leave catch hear listento feel see find lookat watch observe noticeMyfatherhadonlytwomenworkingforhimDon thavethehorserunningsofast It sdangerous Haveyounoticedtheboypassingacrossthestreet 过去分词作宾补二 能带过去分词作宾补的动词有make have getleave及感官动词see watch lookat findhearlistento feel等 宾语与补语的关系是被动含义时 用过去分词作宾补Iwassurprisedtoseesomanypeopleseatedatthebackoftheclass IhaveneverheardthissongsungsosweetlyYou dbettergetyourbikerepairedatonce Task completethefollowingsentences 1 Theyrequiredme 不要泄漏秘密 2 我们劝他戒烟 buthewouldn t 3 Weoftengoandseethem 打篮球 4 Idiscoveredhim 在说谎 5 Wefoundthem 已经提前完成了任务 6 Theyweremade 夜以继日地干活 7 Thetwocheats 让灯亮了一整夜 8 Thethiefwascaught 在商店里偷窃 9 Thegunshotsentthebirds 四处飞去 10 Theyareexpected 越来越努力学习 nottoletoutthesecret Weadvisedhimtogiveupsmoking playbasketball tobetellinglies tohavecompletedtheirtaskaheadoftime toworkdayandnight hadthelampsburningallnightlong stealinginashop flyingawayinallthedirections tostudyharderandharder Multiplechoice1 Themissingboywaslastseen bytheriver playingB playC playedD toplay2 Don thavethehorse sofast It sdangerous A torunB runsC runningD ran3 Tomhadhispocket onabusthismorning A pickB topickC pickingD picked 4 Peopleinthesouthoftenhavetheirhouses bamboo madeofB makingofC tobemadeofD makeof5 People onthecoastoftenhavetheirhouses byhurricanesA living damagingB living damagedC lived damagedD live damage6 Iwillgobacktoourhometown Doyouhaveanything home totakeB takingC tobetakenD taken7 Pleasecomehere Ihavesomethingimportant you A tellingB tobetoldC toldD totell8 Girlsarenotallowed theirfingernailsredatschool paintedB paintingC topaintD tobepainted9 You dbettergetmorepeople theworkimmediately AtodoB doingCdoD done10 You dbettergetthework atonce It sgongtorain AtodoB doingCdoD done11 MissSara I attherailwaystation Mybossisbusynow AamgoingtoseeyouoffB toseeyouoffC amabouttoseeyouoffD mustseeyouoff12 Whathesaidgotus alltheway A laughingB laughC tolaughD laughed 非谓语动词作状语 1 不定式做状语 表示原因 目的或结果 为了强调目的 可与inorderto或soasto连用 1 Ireachedhomeonlytofindmyolddogdead 2 Hegotupearly inorder tocatchtheearlybus 3 ToimproveourEnglish wecomehere 4 I msogladtoseeyou 5 Theywenttotherailwaystation onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft 注 1 only 不定式 表示出乎预料的结果 Hewenttotheseasideonlytobedrowned 2 不定式表结果常与下列结构连用 A so adj adv as not todo 如此 以至于 没 I mnotsostupidastodothat B such adj n as not todo 如此 以至于 不 I mnotsuchafoolastobelievethat C enough n todo 足够 Idon thaveenoughmoneytobuyacar D adj adv enough todo 足已到 能 Thegirlisoldenoughtogotoschool E too adj adv todo 太 以至于不能 I mtootiredtogoanyfurther 分词作状语 分词作状语可以表示时间 条件 原因 结果 伴随或方式 及独立成分 分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语 分词与逻辑主语的关系是主动的 用现在分词 反之 用过去分词1 Hearingthenews hecouldn thelplaughing 时间 2 Givenenoughtime Icandoitbetter 条件 3 Beingill hedidn tgotoschool 原因 4 Theglassfelltotheground breakingintopieces 结果 5 Ourteachercamein followedbymanystudents 伴随 6 Judgingfromhisaccent heisfromAmerica 7 Generallyspeaking onemustbeconfident whenheheardthenews IfIamgivenenoughtime Becausehewasill sothatitbrokeintopieces andhewasfollowedbymanystudents Task completethefollowingsentences 1 Hecameintotheroom 后面簇拥着许多学生 2 Hismotherdied 使他成为一个孤儿 3 Hewenttotherailwaystation 却得知火车已经开了 4 I msoglad 见到你 Bye by 5 Wegotupearly 为了赶上早班车 6 从山顶上看 theparklooksmorebeautiful 7 作为学生 healwayskeepsaciviltongue 8 因为残疾 Tomcannotmovearound 9 Heissolazy 以至于考试没有及格 10 Sheisoldenough 结婚 11 Youcanneverbetoocareful 做工作 12 Sheistooclever 不会不理解你的话 13 Oneisnevertooold 而不能学习 14 Iambuttoohappy 被邀请参加你的聚会 15 从口音上判断 you reaHarbinese16 I mnotsuchafool 会相信你的鬼话 17 Hewenttohelptheoldman 却被关进监狱 followedbymanystudents leavinghimanorphan onlytotoldthatthetrainhadleft tohaveseenyou soastocatchtheearlybus SeenfromtopofthehillBeingastudent Beingdisabled asnottopasstheexam togetmarried todoyourwork nottounderstandyou tolearn tobeinvitedtoyourbirthdayparty Judgingfromhisaccent astobelieveyournonsense onlytobeputintoprison 非谓语动词的时态 语态 主动语态时态 不定式动名词分词一般时tododoingdoing进行时tobedoing完成时tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone被动语态一般时tobedonebeingdonedone进行时beingdone完成时tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone 动名词时态 语态的用法 1 动名词的一般形式表示一般性动作 即是不明确过去 现在或将来的动作 或是与谓语动词同时发生的动作WeareinterestedinclimbingmountainsIprefersingingtodancing2如果强调动名词的完成时 要用完成形式Iregrethavingtakenheradvice Hewaspraisedforhavingpassedtheexam 3当一个动名词逻辑上的主语是该动名词的承受者 这个动名词要用被动形式HeenteredtheroomwithoutbeingseenHerememberedbeingtakentoBeijingwhenhewasachild4如果动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前 要用完成形式HeisproudofhavingbeensenttoworkinTibet Tomregrettednothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty 不定式时态 语态的用法 1 不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时 用一般时态Hewantedtoseeyou2 强调不定式的动作正在进行时 用进行时态WhenIcamein hepretendedtobereadingabookHeissaidtobewritinganovel3 强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时 用不定式完成时Heissaidtohavewrittenanovel I msogladtohaveseenyou Thegroundissowet Itmusthaverainedlastnight 不定式被动语态的用法 A 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时 用被动语态SheaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet 宾语 ThebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish 或叫合Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere 主语 句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语 尽管不定式与被修饰词是被动关系 也还要用主动语态1 Givehimsomebooktoread Doyouhaveanyclothestowash Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed askedthemaid2 S be easy difficult hard pleasant interesting exciting comfortable todoThisquestioniseasytoanswerTheboyisdifficulttoteach3 Thehouseistolet Themanageristoblame Thereasonisnotfartoseek 4Therebe句型中 主动形式或被动形式均可但有时含意不同Thereisnothingtodonow wehavenothingtodonow 现在没事干Thereisnothingtobedonenow wecandonothingnow 现在没什么办法Thereisnothingtosee nothingisworthseeing 没有东西值得看Thereisnothingtobeseen看不见有什么东西 分词时态 语态的用法 如果强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前 要用完成形式 Nothavingfinishedhishomework Tomwasmadetostayatschool Havingclosedallthewindows IwenthomeHavingbeeninvitedtotheparty Tomwasveryhappy 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生 分词与其逻辑主语的关系时被动的 要用被动语态1 Lookingoutofthewindow Icanseemanycarsandbuses 2 SeenfromthetopofDragonTower Harbinlooksmorebeautiful 3 Theteachercamein manystudents follow 4 Theteachercamein bymanystudents follow following followed 如果强调分词表示的动作正在进行时 要用分词的进行时态 1 Beingrepaired thebuildingisforbiddentoenter 2 ThehousebeingbuiltnowisaHopeProjectSchool 3 Passingbytheaccidentscene Isawthemanbadlyhurtbeingcarriedontoanambulance Task completethefollowingsentences 1 你有衣服要洗吗 themaidasked 2 没有完成作业 TomwasforbiddentowatchTV 3 正在刷油漆 thehousewasnotallowedtoenter 4 被邀请参加舞会 Maryfeltexcited 5 Thedifficultmathsproblem 很难算出 6 Shewasangryfor 没有被邀请 totheball 7 Thethiefstoleintothestore 没人看到 8 Theflat 出租 9 Themanwhowasondutythatday 应受谴责 10 Theywereproudof 被派往西藏去工作 11 Whentheteachercamein Tom 假装再看书 12 NiPingissaid 写了一本名叫 日子 的书 13 SongDandanissaid 在写一本叫 月子 的书 14 从窗户往外看 Icanseemanytallbuildings 15 从山顶往下看 thecitylooksmorebeautiful 16 他有很多活要干 Don tbotherhim 17 他有很多活要干 andyoucango too DoyouhaveanyclothestobewashedNothavingfinishedhishomework BeingpaintedNothavingbeeninvitedtotheball isdifficulttoworkout nothavingbeeninvited withoutbeingseen istolet istoblame havingbeensenttoworkinTibet pretendedtobereading tohavewrittenabookcalled TheDays tobewritingabooknamed TheMonths Lookingoutofthewindow Seenfromtopofthehill HehasalotofworktodoHehasalotofworktobedone 不定式的省略 一 省to不定式的固定句型1 hadbetter not do youhadbetterstayathome2 wouldratherdo thando I dratherstayathomethangoout3 prefertodo ratherthando I dprefertodieratherthansteal4 cannotbutdo不得不 必然 Hecannotbutagree 5 cannothelpbutdo 不得不 Eg IcouldnothelpbutrealizethatIwaswrong我这才意识到我错了 6 donothingbutdo nothingtodobut exceptdo只能 只有Eg Ihadnothingtodobutwaitthere 7 why not do Whynotaskyourteacherforhelp 8 当主语部分有do 则表语可省toEg WhatIwanttodoisrunaschool Hiswishistorunaschool9 当两个或更多相同的不定式并列使用时 除第一个不定式带to外其余的不加 Shetoldthechildtostaythereandwaittillshecameback 注 如果两者有比较关系 那么每个不定式前都得加toTotryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall 二 不省 to 的情况 1 在usedto begoingto meanto oughtto planto tryto wouldliketo wouldloveto hopeto wantto下列句子中 to通常都得留Eg Hedoesn tgetupearly butheusedto canyouworkoutthismathsproblem I lltryto 2 在be adj 如 glad happy pleased anxious willing ready 等此后保留toEg Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame I dloveto3 在ask advise allow permit persuade tell wish等词的复合结构中to通常保留Eg Dotheexperimentasyourteachertellsyouto4 不定式的否定形式后保留toEg HewantedtoquizschoolandIadvisedhimnotto注 to后若是主动词have或be时 必须保留 Eg Sorry Ididn tfinisheddoingmyhomework YououghttohaveOurschoolisnolongerwhatitusedtobe Wh todo结构 1作主语W