缓冲溶液的配制.doc

常用缓冲溶液的配制（一）甘氨酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05 mol/l）x毫升0.2 mol/l甘氨酸y毫升0.2 mol/l hcl，再加水稀释至200毫升。phxyphxy2.25044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0甘氨酸分子量75.07。0.2 mol/l甘氨酸溶液含15.01 g/l。（二）邻苯二甲酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05 mol/l）x毫升0.2 mol/l邻苯二甲酸氢钾y毫升0.2 mol/l hcl，再加水稀释至20毫升。ph(20)xyph (20)xy2.254.6703.251.4702.453.9603.450.9902.653.2952.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.032邻苯二甲酸氢钾分子量204.23。0.2 mol/l邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液含40.85 g/l。（三）磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液ph0.2 mol/lna2hpo4 (ml)0.1 mol/l柠檬酸 (ml)ph0.2 mol/lna2hpo4 (ml)0.1 mol/l柠檬酸 (ml)2.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.04.24.44.64.85.00.401.242.183.174.114.945.706.447.107.718.288.829.359.8610.3019.6018.7617.8216.8315.8915.0614.3013.5612.9012.2911.7211.1810.6510.149.705.25.45.65.86.06.26.46.66.87.07.27.47.67.88.010.7211.1511.6012.0912.6313.2213.8514.5515.4516.4717.3918.1718.7319.1519.459.288.858.407.917.376.786.155.454.553.532.611.831.270.850.55na2hpo4分子量141.98；0.2 mol/l溶液为28.40 g/l。na2hpo42h2o分子量178.05；0.2 mol/l溶液为35.61 g/l。na2hpo412h2o分子量358.22；0.2 mol/l溶液为71.64 g/l。c6h8o7h2o分子量210.14；0.1 mol/l溶液为21.01 g/l。（四）柠檬酸-氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液ph钠离子浓度(mol/l)柠檬酸 (g)c6h8o7h2o氢氧化钠 (g)naoh 97盐酸 (ml)hcl (浓)最终体积(l)2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.2021083106104.30.202108345105.30.3524514468105.80.45285186105106.50.3826615612610 使用时可以每升中加入1克酚，若最后ph值有变化，再用少量50氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，冰箱保存。（五）柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液（0.1 mol/l）ph0.1 mol/l柠檬酸 (ml)0.1 mol/l柠檬酸钠 (ml)ph0.1 mol/l柠檬酸 (ml)0.1 mol/l柠檬酸钠 (ml)3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8柠檬酸：c6h8o7h2o分子量210.14 ；0.1 mol/l溶液为21.01 g/l。柠檬酸钠：na3c6h5o72h2o分子量294.12 ；0.1 mol/l溶液为29.41 g/l。（六）醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液（0.2 mol/l）ph(18)0.2 mol/lnaac (ml)0.2 mol/lhac (ml)ph(18)0.2 mol/lnaac (ml)0.2 mol/lhac (ml)3.60.759.354.85.904.103.81.208.805.07.003.004.01.808.205.27.902.104.22.657.355.48.601.404.43.706.305.69.100.904.64.905.105.86.400.60naac3h2o分子量136.09；0.2 mol/l溶液为27.22 g/l。冰乙酸11.8 ml稀释至1 l（需标定）。（七）磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05 mol/l）x 毫升 0.2 mol/l kh2po4+y毫升0.2 mol/l naoh 加水稀释至20毫升。ph (20)x (ml)y (ml)ph (20) x (ml) y (ml)5.850.3727.052.9636.050.5707.253.5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.680（八）磷酸盐缓冲液磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液（0.2 mol/l）ph0.2 mol/lna2hpo4 (ml)0.2 mol/lnah2po4 (ml)ph0.2 mol/lna2hpo4 (ml)0.2 mol/lnah2po4 (ml)5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.07.167.033.06.012.387.77.272.028.06.115.085.07.377.023.06.218.581.57.481.019.06.322.577.57.584.016.06.426.573.57.687.013.06.531.568.57.789.510.56.637.562.57.891.58.56.743.556.57.993.07.06.849.051.08.094.75.36.955.045.0na2hpo42h2o分子量178.05；0.2 mol/l溶液为35.61 g/l。na2hpo412h2o分子量358.22；0.2 mol/l溶液为71.64 g/l。nah2po4h2o分子量138.01；0.2 mol/l溶液为27.6 g/l。nah2po42h2o分子量156.03；0.2 mol/l溶液为31.21 g/l。（九）巴比妥纳-盐酸缓冲液ph（18）0.04 mol/l巴比妥钠(ml)0.2 mol/lhcl (ml)ph（18）0.04 mol/l巴比妥钠(ml)0.2 mol/lhcl (ml)6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.21001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥钠分子量206.18；0.04 mol/l溶液为8.25 g/l。（十）tris-hcl缓冲液（0.05 mol/l）50毫升0.1mol/l三羟甲基氨基甲烷（tris）溶液与x毫升0.1mol/l盐酸混匀并稀释至100毫升。ph (25)x (ml)ph (25)x (ml)7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.2tris分子量121.14 ；0.1 mol/l溶液为12.114 g/l。tris溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，使用时注意将瓶盖严。（十一）、硼酸-硼砂缓冲液 (0.2 mol/l硼酸根)ph0.05 mol/l硼砂 (ml)0.2 mol/l硼酸 (ml)ph0.05 mol/l硼砂 (ml)0.2 mol/l硼酸 (ml)7.41.09.08.23.56.57.61.58.58.44.55.57.82.08.08.76.04.08.03.07.09.08.02.0硼砂：na2b4o710h2o分子量381.43；0.05 mol/l溶液（等于0.2 mol/l硼酸根）含19.07 g/l。硼酸：h3bo3分子量61.84；0.2 mol/l的溶液为12.37 g/l。硼砂易失去结晶水，必须在带塞的瓶中保存。（十二）甘氨酸-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05 mol/l）x毫升0.2 mol/l甘氨酸y毫升0.2 mol/l naoh加水稀释至200毫升。phx (ml)y (ml)phx (ml)y (ml)8.6504.09.65022.48.8506.09.85027.29.0508.8105032.09.25012.010.45038.69.45016.810.65045.5甘氨酸分子量75.07；0.2 mol/l溶液含15.01 g/l（十三）硼砂-氢氧化纳缓冲液（0.05 mol/l硼酸根）x毫升0.05 mol/l硼砂y毫升0.2 mol/l naoh加水稀释至200毫升。phx (ml)y (ml)phx (ml)y (ml)9.3506.09.85034.09.45011.010.05043.09.65023.010.15046.0硼砂na2b4o710h2o分子量381.43；0.05 mol/l硼砂溶液（等于0.2 mol/l硼酸根）为19.07 g/l。（十四）碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液（0.1 mol/l）(此缓冲液在ca2、mg2存在时不得使用).ph0.1 mol/l na2co3(ml)0.1 mol/l nahco3(ml)20379.168.77199.409.22289.519.40379.789.50469.909.725510.149.906410.2810.087310.5310.288210.8310.5791na2co310h2o分子量286.2； 0.1 mol/l溶液为28.62 g/l。nahco3分子量84.0； 0.1 mol/l溶液为8.40 g/l。标准缓冲液ph值与温度对照表温度四草酸氢钾0.05m邻苯二甲酸氢钾0.05m混合磷酸盐0.025m硼砂0.01m51.674.006.959.39101.674.006.029.33151.674.006.909.28201.684.006.889.23251.684.006.869.18301.684.016.859.14351.694.026.849.1115“pbs”缓冲液ph7.67.47.27.0h2onaclna2hpo4nah2po410008.52.20.110008.52.20.210008.52.20.3100ml8.5g2.2g0.4g常用缓冲溶液常用浓度及ph范围缓冲液名称及常用浓度配制ph范围主要物质分子量mr甘氨酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/l）2.2-5.0甘氨酸mr=75.07邻苯二甲酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/l）2.2-3.8邻苯二甲酸氢钾mr=204.23磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液2.2-8.0磷酸氢二钠mr=141.98柠檬酸-氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液2.2-6.5柠檬酸mr=192.06柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液（0.1mol/l）3.0-6.6柠檬酸mr=192.06柠檬酸钠mr=257.96乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲液（0.2mol/l）3.6-5.8乙酸钠mr=81.76乙酸mr=60.o5邻苯二甲酸氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液4.1-5.9邻苯二甲酸氢钾mr=204.23磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液（0.2mol/l）5.8-8.0na2hpo42h2o mr=178.05na2hpo412h2o mr=358.22nah2po4h2o mr=138.01nah2po42h2o mr=156.03磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（1/15 moll）4.92-8.18na2hpo42h2o mr=178.05kh2po4 mr=136.09磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/l）5.8-8.0kh2po4 mr=136.09巴比妥钠-盐酸缓冲液(18)6.8-9.6巴比妥钠mr=206.18tris-盐酸缓冲液(0.05mol/l 25)7.10-9.00三羟甲基氨基甲烷（tris）mr=121.14硼砂-盐酸缓冲液(0.05mol/l)8.0-9.1硼砂na2b4o710h2o mr=381.43硼酸-硼砂缓冲液(0.2mol/l)7.4-8.0硼砂na2b4o710h2o mr=381.4h3bo3 mr=61.84甘氨酸-氢氧化钠缓冲液(0.05mol/l)8.6-10.6甘氨酸mr=75.07硼砂-氢氧化钠缓冲液(0.05mol/l)9.3-10.1硼砂na2b4o710h2o mr=381.43碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液(0.1mol/l)9.16-10.83碳酸钠mr=286.2碳酸氢钠mr=84.0碳酸钠-氢氧化钠缓冲液(0.025mol/l)9.6-11.0磷酸氢二钠-氢氧化钠缓冲液10.9-12.0na2hpo42h2o mr=178.05na2hpo412h2o mr=358.22氯化钾-盐酸缓冲液（0.2mol/l）1.0-2.2氯化钾mr=74.55氯化钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.2mol/l）12.0-13.0氯化钾mr=74.55ph值 1 氯化钾-盐酸 13.0 ml 0.2 mol/l hcl 与25.0 ml 0.2 mol/l kcl混合均匀后，加水稀释至100 ml 1.7 2 氨基乙酸-盐酸 在500 ml 水中溶解氨基乙酸150 g，加480 ml浓盐酸，再加水稀释至1l 2.3 3 一氯乙酸-氢氧化钠 在200 ml 水中溶解2 g 一氯乙酸后，加40 g naoh，溶解完全后再加水稀释至1 l 2.8 4 邻苯二甲酸氢钾-盐酸 把25.0 ml 0.2 mol/l的邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液与6.0 ml 0.1 mol/l hcl混合均匀，加水稀释至100 ml 3.6 5 邻苯二甲酸氢钾-氢氧化钠 把25.0 ml 0