上海市2016届高考压轴考试英语试卷及答案9.99.doc

2016上海市高考压轴卷英 语（考试时间 120分钟 试卷满分 150分）第i卷 （共103分）ii. grammar and vocabularysection adirections: after reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. for the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (a) this report is about how to be polite. it (25) ( examine ) how we can make our language more polite and how we can make sure we do not upset someone from another culture. the information can be accessed on the internet.it has been found that words such as “would” and “could” can be used to help us to be polite. for example, it is much (26) (good) to say “would you do this?” rather than “do this!”. it is also suggested (27) it is useful to say “please” and “thank you”. people from the west like to use these words in cases where some people in asia may not think it necessary. (28) ( say ) “sorry” if we interrupt or disagree (29) someone also helps us to be polite. for example, when we disagree, we should say “im sorry, but i think you are (30)_ (mistake)” rather than “youre wrong!” in conclusion, we need to know the custom of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed. it seems that if people learn something about other (31)_ (culture) before they visit new countries, they (32) ( be) less likely to upset others. (b)an old friendship had grown cold. where once there had been closeness, there was only strain. now pride kept me from picking up the phone.then one day i dropped in on another old friend, whos had a long career as a minister and counselor. we were seated in his study-surrounded by maybe a thousand books and fell into deep conversation about everything from small computers to the tormented life of beethoven.the subject finally turned to friendship and (33)_ perishable it seems to be these days. i mentioned my own experience as an example. “relationships are mysteries,” my friend said. “some endure. (34)_ fall apart.”gazing out his window to the wooded vermont hills, he pointed toward a neighboring farm, “used to be a large barn over there.” next to a red-frame house were the footings of (35)_ had been a sizable structure.“it was solidly built, probably in the 1870s. but like so many of the places around here, it went down because people left for richer lands in the midwest. no one took care of the barn. its roof needed (36) _(patch); rainwater got under the eaves and dripped down inside the posts and beams.”one day a high wind came along, and the whole barn began to tremble. “you could hear this creaking, first, like old sailing-ship timbers, and then a sharp series of cracks and a tremendous roaring sound. suddenly it was a heap of scrap lumber.”“after the storm blew over, i went down and saw these beautiful, old oak timbers, solid as could be. i asked the fellow who owns the place what had happened. he said he figured the rainwater (37)_(settle) in the pinholes, where wooden dowels held the joints together. once those pins were rotted, there was nothing to link the giant beams together.”we both gazed down the hill. now all that was left of the barn was its cellar and its border of lilac shrubs.my friend said he had turned the incident over and over in his mind, and finally came to recognize some parallels between building a friendship: (38)_ _ _ strong you are, how notable your attainments, you have enduring significance only in your relationship to others.“to make your life a sound structure that will serve others and fulfill your own potential,” he said, “you have to remember that strength, however massive, cant endure (39)_ it has the interlocking support of others. go it alone and youll inevitably tumble.”“relationships have to be cared for,” he added, “like the roof of a barn. letters unwritten, thanks unsaid, confidences violated, quarrels unsettled-all this acts like rainwater seeping into the pegs, weakening the link between the beams.”my friend shook his head. “it was(40) _ good barn. and it would have taken little to keep it in good repair. now it will probably never be rebuilt.”later that afternoon i got ready to leave. “you wouldnt like to borrow my phone to make a call, i dont suppose?” he asked.“yes.” i said, “i think i would. very much.”section b directions: complete the following passage by using the words in the box. each word can only be used once. note that there is one word more than you need.a. instinct b. confidence c. outlined d. slogans e. spin f. listsg. illustrated h. conviction i. contrast j. practice k. demonstrate the success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the speaker, with merit being given to speakers who are confident, articulate, knowledgeable and able to deliver a speech with(41) _. but often it is not the speakers who write these moving speeches, it is a speechwriter. and one industry in which this(42) _ is common is that of politics. so what does it take to be a political speechwriter? well according to a recent job advertisement from the us embassy in britain, a political speechwriter needs to have exceptional interpersonal skills, be detail oriented and able to (43)_ a deep knowledge of their subject. they must also work closely with speakers and be able to relate to their style. some believe that the best speechwriters have an inherent talent, a natural creative(44)_, and that speechwriting is an art form. so what about those of us who do not possess such genius? can we still produce successful speeches? in an interview with the bbc, dr max atkinson (a communications specialist) (45)_ a number of speechwriting techniques. he also(46) _ how these techniques have been used in historic speeches. one such technique is introducing (47) _. this is extremely useful when presenting a positive(48) _ on a negative issue. one of the most famous examples of this can be seen in a speech given by former american president john f kennedy: ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country.” another technique is the use of three-part(49) _. dr atkinson explains that this can be an excellent way of adding finality or confirming a statement. former british prime minister tony blair was a fan of this technique. one of his most famous campaign (50)_ was education, education, education.” so next time you have to prepare a speech or presentation, try applying one or more of these techniques and see if you have what it takes to be a winning speechwriter.iii. reading comprehension section a directions: for each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. if you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is whydo you need it for a (51)_reason, such as your job or your studies? (52)_perhaps you are interested in the (53)_ , films or the music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a (54)_of the languagemost people learn best using a variety of (55)_ , but traditional classes are an ideal start for many peoplethey (56) _an environment where you can practice under the guidanceof someone whos good at the languagewe all lead (57) _lives and learning language takestimeyou will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a (58) _it doesnt matter if you havent got longbecoming (59) _in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes a lot lessmany people start learning a language and soon given up“im too (60) _ ,” they sayyes, children do learn languages more quickly than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ageand learning is good for the health of your brain, tooive also heard people (61) _ about the mistakes they make when (62) _ well, relax and laugh about your (63) _and youre much less likely to make them againlearning a new language is never(64) _ but with some work and devotion, youll make progressand youll be(65) _by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in their won languagegood luck!51atechnical bpolitical cpractical dphysical52aafter bso cthough dor53aliterature btransport cagriculture dmedicine54aview bknowledge cform ddatabase55apaintings bregulations cmethods dcomputers56aprotect bchange crespect dprovide57abusy bhappy csimple dnormal58atheory bbusiness croutine dproject59abored bfluent cinterested ddevoted60aold bnervous cweak dtired61aworry bhesitate cthink dquarrel62asinging bworking cbargaining dlearning63aprogress bmistakes ccleverness dclumsiness64atiresome bhard cinteresting deasy65ablamed bamazed cinterrupted dinformedsection bdirections: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(a)tens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of frances most important tourist sites are being gradually destroyed. scientists and researchers fear that the 36,000 drawings on rocks in mont bego in the french alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.the mountain, believed to have once been a site for prayer, is scattered (散布) with 4,000-year-old drawings cut into bare rock. they include pictures of cows with horns, cultivated fields (耕地) and various gods and goddesses. but as the popularity of the site increases, the pictures are being ruined by thoughtless graffiti (涂鸦).jean clottes is the chairman of the international committee on rock art. he says, “people think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there. but if the damage continues at this rate there will be nothing left in 50 years.”he describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings, wearing away the rock and definition (清晰) of the artwork as they do so. some visitors, he says, even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs. “when people think they cant take a good enough photograph, they rub the drawings to get a clearer picture,” he said. “the drawings are polished by the weather, and if the sun is shining and the visitors cant see them properly they simply rub them to make them look fresher.” other researchers describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch (刮) their own drawings, or even their names, in the rocks.but experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings. henry de lumley, director of the museum of natural history in paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a “no-go” area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours. otherwise, he says, not only will the site be completely destroyed but important research work will be reduced.clottes disagrees, “the measure suggested by henry de lumley is the most severe, and while it is the most effective, it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there,” he said. “the site was classified as a historic monument years ago by the ministry of culture, and we must do as much as possible to save what is there.”david lavergne, the regional architect, also wants to avoid closing the site. “henry de lumleys idea isnt ideal,” he said. “our department feels that the best solution is to let people look at the site, but because the area is very big it is difficult to prevent visitors from damaging it. i would prefer that everyone was able to look at it, but the main problem is money. we do not have the funds to employ the necessary number of guards. we may have to consider charging a fee. it doesnt seem to be possible to get the government support.”in nice, annie echassoux, who also worked on researching the site, is alarmed that as the mountain becomes easier to reach tourists can now avoid the three-and-a-half-hour walk by hiring vehicles the damage will increase rapidly. she thinks that the only solution is to rope off the area and provide guides. “you cant say the plan cant go ahead because there is no money,” she said. “that is not good enough. money must be provided because the ministry of culture has classified this area as a historic site. if we dont take steps, we will be responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation.”66jean clottes says that people who visit the mountain_.a. do not believe the drawings are old. b. believe they are allowed to paint therec. think the drawings should be left alone d. think the drawings will not disappear67according to jean clottes, some of the visitors to the area have_.a. helped to clean the drawings b. taken bits of the rock homec. been unable to take photographs d. misunderstood what the pictures mean68henry de lumley is eager to _.a. set up research projects b. protect public rightsc. keep out individual visitors d. ban traffic in the area69this passage has been written about mont bego to _.a. advertise the closing of the site b. warn visitors about the dangers of the sitec. encourage scientists to visit the site d. describe fears for the future of the site (b) you use her as a shoulder to cry on. she texts you back with casual jokes. but she, xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot. xiaoice, microsofts latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returnen to wechat in 2015, where she became a big hit. millions of young chinese now exchange messages with her daily, the new york times reported. on wechat, xiaoice is an official account. after following it, users can start text-based conversations with xiaoice. her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with xiaoice, liu jinchang, a researcher at high-tech research and development center under the ministry of science and technology, told china daily. apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符号）m conversations, xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, china daily reported. chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the us. driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. for instance, ibms latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at australias deakin university, answering students questions about course schedules and financial aid. apples siri and amazons alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users. these programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, the new york times pointed out. however, it may take decades before scientists develop a samantha, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film her. in the film, samantha sparks a romantic relationship with her user played by us actor joaquin phoenix. many viewers were enthusiastic about this fan tasy of virtual soul mates.70.what does the underlined part in paragraph two mean? a. she became a best seller. b. she became very powerful. c. she became a money maker. d. she became very popular.71.which of the following can xiaoice do? a. do housework. b. spread messages. c. identify various photos. d. read news to its users.72.which companys chatbot program can act as an academic consultant? a. microsoft. b. ibm. c. apple. d. amazon.73.what can be learned from the last paragraph? a. chatbots mainly run on smartphones now. b. itll take decades to apply chatbots to cars. c. samantha is played by a us actor in the film. d. the film her doesnt interest many audience. (c)in britain and other countries，young people sometimes take a“gap year”，a year off between high school and collegethis idea never gained a big following in americarecent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing，though there are no official numbers charles deacon,dean of admissions at georgetown university in washington，dc，estimates that in the current first-year class of 1,600 students，only about 25 decided to take a year offhe says this number hasnt changed much over the yearsmrdeacon says the most common reason for taking a“gap year”is to have a chance to travel，but he says international students may take a“gap year”to meet requirements at home for military dutysome high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education，but it can also give students a chance to explore their interestsstudents hoping to be doctors，for example，could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospitalmany colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admissionexpels say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoythe harvard admissions office ha