英语笔记(九年级上册第一单元).doc

September 1 Unit 1Words: add - 补充；增加 by - 通过(prep.)Grammar: 介词后面只能跟有名词、代词和动名词(by+doing)。Word group: making flashcards - 制作抽认卡 vocabulary lists - 词汇表 ask sb. for help - 向某人寻求帮助 study for a test - 为考试做准备/复习Analysis: 动名词不能单独作谓语； 动词能单独作谓语。动名词的构成：一般情况下，直接在后面加-ing；以不发音的-e结尾，去掉e，再加-ing;重读闭音节，结尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母， 再加-ing。(e.g. - get - getting, shop - shopping, swim - swimming, sit - sitting, put - putting)by的多义： 通过的方式(e.g. - by bus)； 由；被（用于被动语态）(e.g. - The window was broken by me)； 在的旁边(e.g. - by the river)。For example: The river is four meters wide. = It is a four-meter-wide boy. Add: This job is too difficult for me to do. Word group: sb. spend/spent (in) doing/on sth. it takes/took to do sth. （it作为形式主语） sb. pay/paid for sth. sth. cost/cost some moneyAdd: What day is it today? - 询问星期复合句的注意事项：引导词，如how, what, when；语序，从句用陈述句的语序；时态，一般地，主句和从句时态一致。反义疑问句的注意事项：句式相反，肯定与否定相反；助动词、情态动词、be动词前后一致；时态一致；主语一致。For example: She was really happy I asked. （原因从句）Word group: get（感官动词）+ adj. Analysis: talk about sth. talk with/to sb. Add: the best ways to learn English（动词不定式作后置定语）Grammar: who作主语，则看作为第三人称单数。Word group: its too + adj. + for sb. to do sth. - 对于某人来说做某事太(e.g. - Its too difficult for Lily to work out the problem. )Analysis: sothat(e.g. - Its so difficult that he cant clean the room. ) not enoughto(e.g. - Its not easy enough for him to clean room. )Word group: keep a diary in English - 用英语写日记提建议的方法：what/how about + v-ingwhy not/dont you + v.youd better + v.lets + v.you need to + v.Analysis: a lot作副词，修饰动词； a lot of作形容词，修饰名词。Add: practice doing finish doing enjoy doingWord group: speaking skills - 口语技巧Words: aloud用在read, speak, call之后； - frustrating - 使人失望的（主语是物) - frustrated - 令人失望的（主语是人）Analysis: quickly强调时间短暂； fast强调速度快。Add: the words of pop songs（介词短语作后置定语）Grammar: feel, smell, taste等感官动词后面跟形容词； because引导原因状语从句。Analysis: suggestion为不可数名词； advice为不可数名词，如a piece of advice。Word group: watch/see sb. do sth.（动作已经完成） hear sb. doing sth.（动作正在进行）Grammar: find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(e.g. - find watching movies frustrating)Word group: have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneselfWords: helpful（动词为help）- 有帮助的(adj.)Add: end up - 以结束Word group: be afraid to + v. (e.g. - Im afraid to ride the bike.) be afraid of + n./pron./v-ing (e.g. - Im afraid of the snakes.)Word: hard（坚硬的）- soft（柔软的）Word group: do a survey - 做调查Grammar: 当提出的问题希望得到肯定回答，一般疑问句可用 some。Add: I dont know what to do. = I dont know what I should do. Word group: get the pronunciation right - 正确发音 have trouble doing sth. - 做某事有困难 on the way to - 去的路上(e.g. - on the way home)Add: repeat the sentences that（引导词）are difficult for youAnalysis: join指加入组织； take part in指参加活动。Word group: first of all - 首先 to begin with - 以开始 later on - 随后 make sentences - 造句Words: maybe为副词(adv.)，放在句首，意为“也许；大概”。Grammar: may, might表示“推测”，而cant表示“不可能”。Word group: make up conversations - 编对话 a second language - 第二语言 decide to do sth. - 决定做某事Words: around the world = all over the world start to do/doing = begin to doAnalysis: unless和if都引导条件状语从句，但unless表示否定， if表示肯定。Words: speak - spoke - spokenWord group:be angry with = be mad with/at try ones best to do sth. = do ones best to do sth. learn to do - 学习去做 time goes by - 时间流逝Words: affect - 影响；对起作用(v.) behave - 行为；表现(v.) last - 持续Analysis: stay和keep后面都可以跟形容词，且可以互换。Grammar: 在某种情况下，过去分词可作为形容词使用。Word group: regardas - 把当作(e.g. - We regard him as a hero.) complain about - 抱怨 be strict with sb. - 对某人严厉 changeinto - 把变成 part of - 的一部分 compareto/wit