供应链规划与执行模组.ppt

供應鏈規劃與執行模組 世新大學資管系鄒慶士副教授 精品资料网 Agenda Overview FeaturesofSCMSupplyChainNetworkDesignAdvancedPlanningandSchedulingShopFloorControlMES MCS 精品资料网 Enterprisefunctionalsiloswithconflictinggoals Purchasing Manufacturing Distribution CustomerService Sales Fewchange oversStableschedulesLongrunlengths HighinventoriesHighservicelevelsRegionalstocks Lowpur chasepriceMultiplevendors Lowinvent oriesLowtrans portation OverviewofSCM Issues 精品资料网 OverviewandtargetsofSCM DefinitionofSupplyChainManagement SupplyChainManagementdescribesallkindofactivitiesacrossmultiplecompaniesorlocationstooptimizethemanufacturingofproducts Herebyconcerningallinterfacesonoperationalandstrategiclevelforinvolvedassociates Mainfocus DevelopmentofheterogeneousglobalproductionnetworksIncreasedintegrationofadvancedtechnologies MinimzingcostsforinventoriesanddeliveriesLongtermrelationships customer supplierbinding Customersatisfaction By ERP BasisSCM ToolsInternet 精品资料网 OverviewandtargetsofSCM BuysIngredientsandComponents MakesaProduct MovesittoaDistributionCenter StoresitatDistributionCenters StoresitinaWarehouse MovesittoStores StoresitintheStore SellsittoConsumers MultiEnterpriseSupplyChains Source I2 Technologies 精品资料网 OverviewandtargetsofSCM Integrationofsuppliersinplanninginconsiderationof SuppliersinventoriesSuppliersmanufacturingcapacitiesTransporttimesandcapacities Reductionofowninventories 精品资料网 IntegratedplanningofsupplychainsleadstoReductionofinventoriesCostsavingsCapabilitytomeetpromiseddeliverydatesIncreasedcustomersatisfactionIntensifiedcustomerbindingPerspectivetoextendthesalesmarket OverviewandtargetsofSCM 精品资料网 Prerequisitesforsuccess NomanagementmethodguaranteesitselfforsuccessTypeofproductleadstospecialtypeofsupplychain PrimarilyfunctionalproductsDon tchangemuchovertimeLonglifecyclesPredictabledemandStabilityinvitescompetitionLeadsoftentolowprofitmargins PrimarilyinnovativeproductsEnableshigherprofitmarginsShortlifecycle typicallyfewmonth VolatiledemandNewnessmakesdemandunpredictableImportanceofearlysales 精品资料网 Prerequisitesforsuccess PrimarilyfunctionalproductsSupplyatlowestcoststopredictabledemandHighutilizationrateofcapacityMinimizeinventoriesShortleadtimeasitdoesn tincreasecostsSelectsuppliersprimarilyforcostsandqualityPhysicalefficiencyMinimizecostsbyPhysicalefficiency PrimarilyinnovativeproductsRespondquicklytounpredictabledemandDeployexcessbuffercapacityDeploysignificantbufferstocksInvestaggressivelytoreduceleadtimeSelectsuppliersprimarilyforspeed flexibilityandqualityResponsivenesstomarketMinimizecostsbyHighestresponsivenesstomarketMinimizeriskofshortagesorexcesssupply 精品资料网 Prerequisitesforsuccess UseofSCMsoftwaretoolslikeAPO 精品资料网 Prerequisitesforsuccess ShareinformationwithyoursuppliersKeeplongerrelationshipswithyoursuppliersTrustasfoundationofrelationshipswithsuppliersFundamentalsofsupplychainplanningwww ZQZL cn中国最大的资料库下载 精品资料网 SCMBusinessProcesses TechnologyhelpsenableavarietyofSCMbusinessprocessesPushtopullProcessorientationOptimizationPostponementMorefrequentplanningCollaboration 精品资料网 Movefrompushtopullmanufacturing Manufacturers Distributors Wholesalers Consumers Suppliers Retailers Makewhatwewillsell notsellwhatwewillmake FeaturesofSCM 精品资料网 Movefromfunctionalsilostoprocess orientedbusinessprocesses e g order to cash cash to cash FeaturesofSCM 精品资料网 Optimizationofallsupplychainactivities Independent SequentialPlanning FeaturesofSCM 精品资料网 PostponementMovetoMTO ATOandCTOfromMTSFront endAPSsuitessupportATP CTPProductconfigurationBack endintegrationtotransactionsystems InternationalTradeLogistics WarehouseManagement AdvancedPlanningScheduling CustomerRelationshipManagement Logistics Manufacturing MaterialsManagement Accounting HumanResources ERP FeaturesofSCM SCM 精品资料网 Morefrequentplanningmeansresponsivetochangingcustomerneedswhiledecreasinginventories Time Time AverageSupply AverageSupply PlanningCycle PlanningCycle FeaturesofSCM 精品资料网 e Businesswillenablesupplychaincollaborationamongtradingpartners Manufacturer Distributors Wholesalers Suppliers Retailers FeaturesofSCM LogisticsProviders 精品资料网 ComponentsofE SupplyChain Supply chainreplenishmentE procurementCollaborativeplanningCollaborativeproductdevelopmentE logisticsSupplywebs 精品资料网 EvolutionofIT AR AP GL Payroll MRP FMIS HR MRPII Scheduling planning Distribution ERP APS SCM EIS EDI E Commerce BI CRM E Business 精品资料网 Agenda Overview FeaturesofSCMSupplyChainNetworkDesignAdvancedPlanningandSchedulingShopFloorControlMES MCSwww ZQZL cn中国最大的资料库下载 精品资料网 Manufacturers WholesaleDistributors Suppliers Customers InformationFlows GoodsFlow SupplyChainNetworkDesign Retailers LocationdecisionCapacitydecisionAssignmentdecision 精品资料网 StrategicPlanningProblems Whichproductsshallbeproducedatwhichlocations Howarecustomersassignedtodistributioncenters Whereshallnewlocationsbeopened Whichlocationsshallbeclosed Whatarecapacityrequirementsforplants distributioncenters Whatisthecostsituationwithinthesupplychain 精品资料网 PlanningMethod PlanningoflocationassignmentandtransportationlanesLocationassignmentbasedongeographicaldistanceCostoptimallocationassignmentStructuralNetworkChangesPlacementofagivennumberoflocationsbasedongeographicaldistanceandcostsCostoptimalselectionoflocations 精品资料网 PlanningParameters CostTransportationcostsProductioncostsStoragecostsHandlingcostsProcurementcostsLocationcosts LocationproceedsFixmaintenancecostsCostsforopeningandclosureoflocationsPublicsubsidiesPenaltycostsfordelayedornon fulfilleddemand 精品资料网 PlanningParameters CapacitiesHandlingcapacitiesforplantsanddistributioncentersProductioncapacitiesofplantsDemandCalculationofdemandviaDemandPlanningSupportedbyforecastmethodsSimulationofdemandscenariosVariationofdemand 精品资料网 PlanningResults SupplyChainNetworkAssignmentoflocationsTransportationlanesAllocationofproductstolocationsNewlocationswithgeographicpositionSelected notselectedlocationsProposalforopeningorclosureoflocations 精品资料网 PlanningResults QuantitiesProduction transport handling storageandprocurementCostsProduction transport handling storageandprocurementLocationcostsOpeningcosts maintenancecosts subsidies etc CapacityRequirementsProduction transport handlingundstorage 精品资料网 Outlook Profit orientedplanningConsiderationofpiece wiselinearcostsfortransportandproductionConsiderationofstoragecapacitiesIntegrationofGISapplicationsautomaticcalculationoftransportationdurationandtransportationcostsexpandedgeographicdisplay 精品资料网 Agenda Overview FeaturesofSCMSupplyChainNetworkDesignAdvancedPlanningandSchedulingShopFloorControlMES MCS 精品资料网 ProductionLogistics Forecast Customerorderadministration Primaryrequirementsplanning Requirementsplanning Purchasing Capacityscheduling Capacityadjustment Orderrelease Reservation Sequencing Detailedscheduling Execution Factorydataentry Shopfloorcontrol Planning Planning scheduling Initiationofimplementationfunctions 精品资料网 TypicalPlanningProcess Supply DemandMeeting MRP ERP ManualAdjustment ReleasePO Receiving Receipt ChangeProductionPlan CannotdeliverontimeLongpromisetimeDeaditems shortageCustomerunsatisfied 精品资料网 MRPIIPlanningProcess Top downprocessIterativeprocess MasterPlanning RCCP MRP CRP SFC 精品资料网 ProbleminIndustry SalesSOconfirm時間太長PC無法如期交貨Hub會造成投資風險PC MC插單Cancel訂單訂單交期變更頻繁Yield和Rework造成交期Delay無法確認真正的產能與瓶頸作業替代料無法掌控ECN頻繁 易產生呆料 精品资料网 ProbleminIndustry ShopFloor開製令前無法確認料是否備齊臨時缺料Yield和Rework造成大量未結案工單ShopFloor催MC MC催Buyer Buyer催Supplier產能規劃不合理 無法執行Buyer無法確認到底欠哪些料追料頻繁OrderCancel頻繁未考慮LeadTime 精品资料网 DrawbacksinTraditionalProductionPlanning SequentialplanningProbleminschedulinglogicIndependentdemandandsupplyplanningLackofintegrationBatchprocessSinglepointplanningLackofsimulationcapability 精品资料网 SCMInformationSystem 精品资料网 DefinitionofAPS there snoprecisedefinitionofAPSsystems butitisquiteintuitivetosaythattheAPSsystemsresolvetheshortcomingsoftheERPsystemsasaplanningtool APSsystemsconsidermaterialrequirementsandplantcapacitytogeneratenewplans andsomeofthemcreateadetailedproductionschedulethatsequencestheproductionoptimally toachievetheorganizationgoalsaswellascustomer sduedate AMR 1998 APSsystemsapplyprofoundadvancedtechnologiestoachieveimprovedplansthattakeintoaccountmostofthefactorsandconstraintsthatlimittheabilitytodeliverontime ForrestResearch 1996 精品资料网 FeaturesofAPS SynchronizedconcurrentplanningConstraint basedplanningOptimizedplanningReal timeplanningDecisionsupportcapabilityWhat ifsimulationPeggingbetweendemandandsupplySpeedandperformance 精品资料网 SynchronizedPlanning 精品资料网 Constraint basedPlanning APS Constraint Supply Demand Output Time PurchaseLTMfg LTTrasf LTDueDate Capacity ResourceloadRouting Material AlternatePartsECNPartsSourcingRule Demand ForecastSalesOrder SupplyData On handWIPPurchasingOrder OptimalPlan 精品资料网 OptimizedTechnologiesinAPS DemandPlanningExponentialSmoothingSystemDynamicsMultipleLinearRegressionProductionPlanning SchedulingLinearProgramming MixedIntegerLPGeneticAlgorithmsSimulationAnnealingHeuristicMethodsDistributionPlanning DeploymentFlowAlgorithmsBranch and BoundAlgorithm 精品资料网 ScopeofAPS SupplychainstrategicplanningSupplychainnetworkplanningDemandplanningandforecastingInventoryplanningSupplychainplanningSupplyplanningDistributionplanningTransportationplanningShopflooroperationschedulingShipmentscheduling 精品资料网 FunctionsofAPS 精品资料网 APS是使用現存Transaction系統 ERP 的資訊 以提供快速規劃及排程的智慧型決策支援系統 Purchasing OrderEntry Manufacturing Logistics Shipping ERP CurrentSituation FinalPlan SupplyChainPlanner InputDataDemandCapacityMaterials OutputProductionPlanShippingPlanPromisePlan APSandERP 精品资料网 Multi SitePlanning Complexmulti sitemanufacturingreferstotheenvironmentwheretherearemultiplesitesthataredependentuponeachotherformaterialandassemblies SupplyPlanningforacomplexmulti sitemanufacturingenvironmentinvolvestheconsolidationofdatafromtheindividualsitesintoacorporateconsolidationdatabase 精品资料网 Multi SitePlanning GlobalAPSEngine DemandPlanningEngine OrderPromisingEngine APSEngine APSEngine APSEngine MasterPlan MasterPlan MasterPlan SupplyPlan SupplyPlan SupplyPlan DemandPlan SupplyPlan 精品资料网 Source AMR 1996 PerformanceResults 精品资料网 Agenda Overview FeaturesofSCMSupplyChainNetworkDesignAdvancedPlanningandSchedulingShopFloorControlMES MCS 精品资料网 PurposeofShopFloorControl 將生產規劃單位所規劃的生產訂單 PO 有效的轉變成實際成品的產出 精品资料网 ShopFloorControlSystem 精品资料网 FunctionsofShopFloorControl Orderreview releaseDetailedshopflooroperationsschedulingDatacollection monitoringControl feedbackOrderdisposition 精品资料网 OrderReviewandRelease 扮演一個過濾機制 控制訂單進入現場的流量 精品资料网 FocusofOR R AvailabilityofmaterialsRequiredcapacityRequiredmachinesandtoolingsReal timeproductionstatusVerifyMRPplansConfirm modifyBOMstructureConfirm modifyroutingEvaluateproductionloadsinshopfloorCriteriaofperformanceevaluation 精品资料网 OperationsScheduling WorkcenterorientedschedulingWorkorderorientedschedulingBackwardschedulingForwardschedulingFiniteschedulingDispatching 精品资料网 DataCollectionandMonitor BarcodeOpticalcharacterrecognitionMagneticstripeVoicerecognitionRadiofrequencyidentificationMachinevisionsystemBluetooth 精品资料网 ControlandFeedback Orderproblemsvs ResourcesproblemsIsitsolvable Whatisthesolution AdjustandimproveInformationfeedback 精品资料网 OrderDisposition OrdercompletionASplannedOrdercancellationMaterialsshortageReleasepreviouslyassignedresourcesEvaluateproductionperformanceDefineandexplainspecificunexpectedconditions solutions 精品资料网 ShopFloorControlSystem Anotherview 精品资料网 Agenda Overview FeaturesofSCMSupplyChainNetworkDesignAdvancedPlanningandSchedulingShopFloorControlMES MCS 精品资料网 RelationshipsofERP APS MES MCS ERP APS MCS MES 精品资料网 InteractionsBetweenERP APSandMES 精品资料网 DefinitionofMES 將加工現場中的原物料 半成品 成品 機器 時間 成本等資訊以動態且即時的方式來收集 匯整與表達 並追蹤與管制目前正在進行中的各項製造作業的一個資訊系統 APICS 其上層銜接APS的生產規劃結果 以進行即時性的現場生產派工 下層則連結MCS 根據派工結果控制設備進行實際加工生產 並即時收集與回饋現