虚拟语气语法.ppt

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 IwishI be astallasyou were Iwisheveryday be mybirthday were Iwish wishedI eat somuchwatermelon hadn teaten 英语动词有种语气陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不太可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 三 虚拟语气的考点1 条件句中的虚拟语气的用法 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 3 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 5 虚拟语气时态的判定 if引导的虚拟条件句 区别 Ifitrainstomorrow thecropswillbesaved Ifitrainedtomorrow thecropswouldbesaved 陈述语气 虚拟语气 主从句的谓语形式 时间 If从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 将来 did were haddone would could should might V 原 would could should might have p p 1 did were2 shoulddo3 weretodo would could should might V 原 Ifyou tomorrow you findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice shouldcome wouldB wouldcome wouldC willcome shouldD comes might Iftheparents atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident thechildwouldhavebeensaved arrivesarriveC hadarrivedD hasarrived Ifhe he thatfood Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately A waswarned wouldnothavetakenB hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenC wouldbewarned hadnottakenD wouldhavebeenwarned hadnottaken If虚拟句的倒装 万一下雨 我们将不得不推迟比赛 wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeet Ifitshouldrain Shoulditrain 如果条件状语中有were had should时 可以倒装成 Were Should Had 主 其他 WereIyou Hadhebeenthereyesterday Shoulditsnowtomorrow IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 如果我是你 我会再试一次 如果他昨天在那儿的话 他就会看那部电影了 如果明天下雪 我们就不出去了 1 theexam hewouldhaveattendacollege A IfhepassedB HadhepassedC WerehepassedD Ifheshouldpass 2 fiveminutesearlier youcouldhaveseenthemoff A IfyoushouldarriveB IfyouarriveC HadyouarrivedD Shouldyouarrive 名词性从句中的虚拟语气及几种虚拟语气特殊句型 1 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose advice suggestion proposal 4 demand require request desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 Mydemandisthatshe come toseemeonceaweek Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks be closeddown Hesuggestedthatwe go toBeijingforsightseeing Theproposalthatwe go outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed should go should come should be should go 表语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 注意 如suggest insist用于其本意 暗示 表明 坚持认为 时 宾语从句用陈述语气 1 Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody obey therules 2 Heinsistedthatshe be seriouslyillandthat send tohospitalsatonce 3 Hesuggestedthatwe have ameetingatonce 4 Hispalefacesuggestedthathe be ill obey was besent have was 2 It s about high time that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该睡觉了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyoushouldgo It s about timethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 3 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在 Itisimportant strange natural necessary that 这类句型里 that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用 should十动词原形 结构 表示某事是 重要 奇怪 自然 必要 等意义 如 Itisimportantthateverymember should informhimselfoftheserules 重要的是每个成员知道这些规则 4 由asif或asthough引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式 be用were 或 had十过去分词 如 HetreatedmeasifIwereastranger 他那样对待我 好像我是陌生人似的 Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit 她谈论那部影片 就好像她确实看过一样 有时为了表达需要 并不总是出现if引导的条件句 而通过其他手段来代替条件句 1 Iwasillthatday 0therwise I take partinthesportsmeet 2 I give youmorehelp butIwastoobusy 3 Amanwhostoppeddrinking be deadinsevendays 4 Butforwater it be impossibletoliveinthedesert wouldhavetaken mighthavegiven wouldbe wouldbe 虚拟语气时态的判定 1 如果过去天气好的话 现在庄稼长得更好了 Iftheweather finer thecrops stillbetter 2 如果你听了老师的建议的话 你现在就不会在医院里了 Ifyou theteacher sadvice you inthehospital 3 如果你当时身体状况好一些的话 我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作的 Ifyouinbetterhealth weyoutogotheretohelptheirwork 虚拟语气巩固练习 1 IfI wherehelived I anotetohim A knew wouldB hadknown wouldhavesentC know wouldsendD knew wouldhavesent2 Ifthey earlierthanexpected they herenow hadstarted wouldbeB started mightbeC hadstarted wouldhavebeenD willstart mighthavebeen 3 Ididn tknowhistelephonenumber it I then HadIknown wouldringhimupB ShouldIknow wouldhaverunghimupC IfIknew wouldringhimupD HadIknown wouldhaverunghimup4 Maryisilltoday Ifshe she absentfromschool werenotill wouldn tbeB hadbeenill wouldn thavebeenC hadbeenill shouldhavebeenD hadn tbeenill couldbe 5 WereItodoit I itsomeotherway A willdoB woulddoC wouldhavedoneD weretodo6 I himtheanswer possible butIwassobusythen A couldtell ifithadbeenB musthavetold wereitC shouldhavetold haditbeenD shouldhavetold shoulditbe 7 Withoutyourhelp we somuch A won tachieveB didn tachieveC don tachieveD wouldn thaveachieved8 Youdidn ttakehisadvice hisadvice you suchamistake Hadyoutaken wouldn thavemadeB Ifyouhadtaken would