报刊选读(八)评论阅读(2015)editorial reading 2015.ppt

Journalism Peopletendtodividejournalismintothreegeneralcategories whichareNews FeatureandEditorial Editorial Aneditorialisanarticlethatstatesthenewspaper sideasonanissue Theseideasarepresentedasopinion Editorialsappearonthenewspaper seditorialpage apagewhichincludeseditorials columns opinionarticles reviewsandcartoons Ifthepapercontainsmorethanoneopinionpage theothersarecalledop edpages FormoreinformationPleaseturntopage55 RoundUptheGuns OrDon t BackgroundInformation DetailedReading Post Reading Readingcomprehension Warming upQuestions Passagereading TheSecondAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitution AwellregulatedMilitiabeingnecessarytothesecurityofafreeState therightofthepeopletokeepandbearArmsshallnotbeinfringed 译文 纪律严明的民兵是保障自由州的安全所必需的 人民持有和携带武器的权利不可侵犯 BackgroundInformation BackgroundInformation GunshotsintheUS BackgroundInformation Obama s23ExecutiveActionsonGunViolencePresidentObamabeganhispushonJanuary 16th 2013forthemostsweepingchangestogunlawsinnearlytwodecades includingbanningthesaleofcertainsemiautomaticriflesandhigh capacityammunitionmagazines Inaddition helaidout23executiveactionsthathebelieveswillhelpreducegunviolence SomeAmericanpeoplesaynotoObamasincetheymisunderstandtheguncontrolpolicy What syouropinion RoundUptheGuns OrDon tReadthepassageanddotheexercisesonpage2 Warming upQuestions 1 Comprehension 1 WhatisRogerGarrison sattitudetowardObama sguncontrol B A Obama sguncontrolcanmaketheAmericansocietymuchsafer B Obama sguncontrolwillinfringeupontherightsofresponsiblecitizens C Obama sguncontrolcanreducethedeathsofinnocentvictims D Obama sguncontrolwillresultinenactinglawsandrestrictions 2 Whydoestheauthorsay nothingMr Obamahasproposedrunsafouloftheconstitution c A Thegovernmentprovidesmoremoneyfor schoolresourceofficers B Therearearmedpoliceofficersassignedtoschools C Thereisn tanytotalbanonhandguns accessoriesormagazines D Obama sguncontrolpreventslaw abidingAmericancitizensfrompossessingcertainfirearms 3 Whichofthefollowingstatementsisreferredinthefourthamendment A A Therightofthepeopletobesecureintheirpersons houses papers andeffects againstunreasonablesearchesandseizures shallnotbeviolated B Therightofthepeopletokeepandbeararmsshallnotbeinfringed C Inallcriminalprosecutions theaccusedshallenjoytherighttoaspeedyandpublictrial D Nosoldiershall intimeofpeacebequarteredinanyhouse withouttheconsentoftheowner 4 Whatdoweknowaboutthewaronterror B A ItprotectstheinterestoftheAmericanpeople B TheunreasonablesearchandseizurewasresultedfromtheactsofCongressandcourts C ItacceleratestheenactingofthePatriotAct D Terroristsdarenottocommitcrimesanymore 5 WhyisthesecondamendmentcherishedsomuchbytheAmericanpeople C A Itallowsprivategun ownership B ItguaranteesthesecurityofAmericans C Itcanmakepeoplefeelmoreheroicandcharming D Itisalong timetraditioninAmericanhistory Paragraph1 WhoisRogerGarrison RogerGarrison KKK KuKluxKlan Halloweencostume WordStudy 1 negatev Para 1 1 tomakeineffectivebycounterbalancingtheeffectof取消 使无效tonegateaban 2 todenythetruthof否定 否认Thestorynegatedthetradesupportedbythegovernment 联想记忆 negation否定 否认 拒绝negativity否定性 消极性negativeness消极性 否定性negativism否定论 消极论 反对癖性negativist消极主义者 否定论者 BacktotheText 2 innocentadj Para 1 freefromevilorguilt无罪的人 清白的人 无辜者Iinsistthatheisinnocent WordStudy 2 lackinginsophisticationorworldliness幼稚的 不谙世故的Theoldmanwheedledthesecretoutoftheinnocentgirl BacktotheText 3 magazinen Para 1 1 aperiodicpublicationcontainingpicturesandstoriesandarticlesofinteresttothosewhopurchaseitorsubscribetoit期刊 杂志 报纸的星期日专栏Thismagazinewilldiscontinuenextweek 2 ametalframeorcontainerholdingcartridges canbeinsertedintoanautomaticgun 枪的 弹仓 弹盒 弹盘 弹夹Theydonotbanorattempttobananyguns accessoriesormagazinesofanykind WordStudy BacktotheText InaletterheaccusesthePresident Vice Presidentand manymembersofCongress of exploitingthedeathsofinnocentvictimsbyattemptingtoenactlaws restrictions and eventhroughtheuseofexecutiveorders preventlaw abidingAmericancitizensfrompossessingcertainfirearmsandammunitionmagazines Para 1 Comments 这个长句子中的主要的短语是accusesb ofdoingsth 指控 犯有 罪 of后面接直接宾语 of后出现了exploit by by为介词 表示方式 方法 手段等 后常接无冠词的名词或动名词 意为 通过 靠 用 Examples Atonepointhewasimpeached accusedofcorruption althoughhewasnotconvicted Butwhilechengguanhaveaparticularlybadreputation theyarenottheonlyonesaccusedofabusingtheirpositions UnderstandingSentences BacktotheText InaletterheaccusesthePresident Vice Presidentand manymembersofCongress of exploitingthedeathsofinnocentvictimsbyattemptingtoenactlaws restrictions and eventhroughtheuseofexecutiveorders preventlaw abidingAmericancitizensfrompossessingcertainfirearmsandammunitionmagazines Para 1 law abiding是合成名词 英语构词法中合成法即两个单词连在一起合成一个新词 前一个词修饰或限定后一个词 名词 动名词属于合成名词 decision makingdirection takingproblem solving UnderstandingSentences BacktotheText Comments Examples InaletterheaccusesthePresident Vice Presidentand manymembersofCongress of exploitingthedeathsofinnocentvictimsbyattemptingtoenactlaws restrictions and eventhroughtheuseofexecutiveorders preventlaw abidingAmericancitizensfrompossessingcertainfirearmsandammunitionmagazines Para 1 Translation 在一封信中 他指控总统 副总统和国会的很多成员利用无辜受害者的死试图通过法律 限制甚至使用行政命令 阻止守法的美国公民拥有武器和枪支弹药 UnderstandingSentences BacktotheText Paragraph2 WhyRogerGarrisonisnotalone ThesheriffofGilmerCounty Georgia saysthatshe wouldnotbeapartofgoingdoor to doorandroundingupweapons NobodyinMr Obama sadministrationhasproposeddoingsuchathing goingdoor to doorandroundingupweapons Inthatvein IwonderwhattheGilmerCounty ssheriff spositionsareonmakingAshantiAmerica sofficiallanguageorsellingunicornsteakswithoutapermit 这样想来 我真纳闷吉尔默县的行政司法长官对于将阿散蒂语作为美国官方语言或非法出售独角兽肉这类事持何看法 Note 将阿散蒂语作为美国官方语言或非法出售独角兽肉 都是不可能的 很荒谬的事 作者此处是讽刺吉尔默县的行政司法长官的杞人忧天及不明真相就妄加评论 Paragraph3 WhatmaydismayRoger Paragraph3 Whatisthefact Theydonotbanorattempttobananyguns accessoriesormagazinesofanykind infact byprovidingmoremoneyfor schoolrecourseofficer theymaywellincreasethenumberofregularlyarmedAmericans 5 dismayv Para 3 1 tolowersomeone sspirits makedownhearted 因突然的危险等 使完全丧失勇气 使灰心丧气 使胆怯 使气馁 使沮丧 使失望 使幻灭 威吓 WordStudy BacktotheText Hewasdismayedtolearnoftheirdisloyalty 2 tofillwithapprehensionoralarm causetobeunpleasantlysurprised使惊愕 使惊恐 使吃惊到不安 或丧失勇气 的程度 使丧胆 Thesurpriseattackdismayedtheenemytroops 6 accessoryn Para 3 1 clothingthatiswornorcarried butnotpartofyourmainclothing 常作复数 妇女的 装饰品 如手提包 手套等 Italsohasagoodrangeofaccessories includingsunglasses handbagsandbelts 2 asupplementarycomponentthatimprovescapability配件 附件 零件 附属品 附属物Andtheonlyaccessoryinsideisawallcharger 3 someonewhohelpsanotherpersoncommitacrime 法律 从犯 帮凶 同谋 包庇犯 窝藏犯Shehadbeenchargedwithbeinganaccessorytotheembezzlementoffundsfromacooperativefarm WordStudy BacktotheText Paragraph4 Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying theSecondAmendmentrightisnotunlimited Paragraph4 Mr Obamawantsastrengthenedassault weaponsban aswellasbansonamour piercingbulletsandmagazinesthatholdmorethantenbullets WhythewritersaysthatMr Obamadoesn trunafouloftheconstitution TheSecondAmendmentrightisnotunlimited Itisnotarighttokeepandcarryanyweaponwhatsoeverinanymannerwhatsoeverandforwhateverpurpose 7 legislativeadj Para 4 1 relatingtoalegislatureorcomposedofmembersofalegislature立法的legislativecouncil2 oforrelatingtoorcreatedbylegislation通过立法产生的 有法律规定的legislativeproposallegislationn WordStudy Tobecontinued WordStudy 8 assaultn Para 4 1 closefightingduringtheculminationofamilitaryattack 军事 对阵地的 冲击 突击 突袭 强击 攻击短兵相接 肉搏 白刃战Therebelsarepoisedforanewassaultonthegovernmentgarrisons 2 athreatenedorattemptedphysicalattackbysomeonewhoappearstobeabletocausebodilyharmifnotstopped 法律 侵犯人身 尤指未遂的 殴打 用言语等的 威胁 胁迫Themansawusandstoppedhisassault Theybothwavedme Tobecontinued 9 runafoulof Para 4 toexperienceproblems punishmentorharmbecauseyoudonotobeyaruleordisagreewithapowerfulorganization grouporperson与 发生冲突 与 相撞JusticeDepartmentofficialsinvestigatingthepossibilitythatAssangeviolatedtheEspionageActworrythatthelawrunsafouloftheFirstAmendment Sometimes however anauthentictranslationrunsafouloftheChinesegovernment andthenchangesmustbemade WordStudy Tobecontinued Paragraph5 6 WhatfallaciesdidMrGarrisonandhisilkseemgrippedby 10 tyrannyn Para 6 aformofgovernmentinwhichtherulerisanabsolutedictator notrestrictedbyaconstitutionorlawsoropposition etc 暴政 苛政 专制统治 极权政府Self expressionandindividualityarethegreatestweaponsagainsttyranny Freedomfromtyrannyisaprincipleweshouldalwaysdefend WordStudy Tobecontinued 2 dominancethroughthreatofpunishmentandviolence暴虐 专横 I mthesolevictimofMother styranny 11 hollowout Para 6 tomakeanemptyspaceinsidesomething removetheinteriorof掏空Theriverbankswerehollowedoutbyrushingwater Thecookhollowedoutthemelons WordStudy Tobecontinued 12 outragen Para 6 BacktotheText WordStudy 1 afeelingofrighteousanger激动 或狂暴 的言行 义愤 愤慨Ilookedovertothefamilytowatchtheirreaction expectingsomeexpressionofoutrage 2 awantonlycruelact暴行Theywerehorrifiedbytheoutragebeforetheireyes 3 adisgracefulevent 对感情的 伤害 冒犯 凌辱 侮辱Thatisanoutragetoanyonewithenoughbraintothinkforhimselforherself 2 Whentheserightswerehollowedoutduringthewaronterror byactsofCongress thecourtsandeventhroughexecutiveorders wherewastheoutragefromthosewhoseetyrannyineverygunlaw Para 6 反问句是疑问句的一种 也是无疑而问 明知故问 把答案寓于问话中并加以强调 激发对方从问话中思考出答案的句式 E g Marriageisawonderfulinstitution butwhowouldwanttoliveinaninstitution 婚姻是一项极好的制度 但是谁又喜欢生活在制度下呢 Comments 2 Whentheserightswerehollowedoutduringthewaronterror byactsofCongress thecourtsandeventhroughexecutiveorders wherewastheoutragefromthosewhoseetyrannyineverygunlaw Para 6 当这些权利在反恐战争中被国会 法院的行为 甚至总统行政令架空的时候 那些在一切控枪法律中看到暴政的人 怎么就不见他们义愤填膺呢 Translation 13 heinousadj Para 7 shockinglybrutalorcruel 罪行 罪犯等 十恶不赦的 令人发指的Theideathatanycountrymaytakeactionagainstpiratesistheprecursortotheideaof universaljurisdiction usedtoprosecuteheinouscrimessuchasgenocide BacktotheText WordStudy 14 infringeupon Para 7 ifsomethinginfringeson uponsomeone srightsorfreedom ittakesawaysomeoftheirrightsorlimitstheirfreedom剥夺Theserestrictionsinfringeuponbasichumanrights BacktotheText WordStudy 3 Mr Garrisonapprovinglycitesaletterwrittenbyanothersheriff whichstates Wemustnotallow norshallwetolerate theactionsofcriminals nomatterhowheinousthecrimes topromptpoliticianstoenactlawsthatwillinfringeuponthelibertiesofresponsiblecitizenswhohavebrokennolaws Para 7 Norshallw