四级英语范文.doc

英语四级备考作文范文：Effects of Sth. On Sb. / Sth. Else1. 分析某事物的正面效应2. 分析某事物的负面效应3. 给出怎样对待该事物的建议（分析建议类）写作模式 （划线部分可替换）1) As is known to all, sth. does bring a lot of benefits to sb. / sth. else. 2) First, it can greatly strengthen , thereby changing for the better.(正面分析I) 3) Besides, it can make /render sb. / sth. else better able to (正面分析II) 4) And best of all, it can help sb.(正面分析III) 5）But all the above does not mean / follow that we can turn a blind eye to the negative effects sth. brings about. 6） If, as a succession of scientific studies reveals / implies / suggests, there are more chances that (负面分析I) 7) In addition, the more ., the worse. (负面分析II) 8) And worst of all, (负面分析III) 9) Therefore, a scientific approach must be adopted to the problem of sth. 10) On the one hand, (建议I) 11) On the other, . (建议II) 12) In sum, sth. can do sb. / sth. else good or harm, all depending on (结论句) The Effects of Exercise on Our Health1. 分析体育锻炼给我们带来的益处。2. 分析体育锻炼给我们带来的坏处。3. 给出如何参加体育锻炼的建议。 Reference model: The Effects of Exercise on Our Health1) As is known to all, exercise does bring a lot of benefits to our health. 2) First, it can greatly strengthen our hearts, lungs, bones and muscles, thereby changing our whole health for the better. 3) Besides, it can make our brains better able to react to what is going on around us. 4) And best of all, it can help us breed optimism about our tough life.5) But all the above does not mean that we can turn a blind eye to the negative effects exercise brings about. 6) If you are normally inactive and then, contrary to your usual habit, start a program of undue exercise, as a succession of scientific studies reveals, there are more chances that you have yourself injured. 7) In addition, the more exercise those on a fat-reducing diet take, the more loss of iron they will suffer and the worse their health will get. 8) And worst of all, continual as well as excessive exercise can result in sudden death. 9) Therefore, a scientific approach must be adopted to the problem of exercise. 10) On the one hand, our physical exercise must be based on both progressiveness and regularity. 11) On the other, we must go in for physical exercise according to local as well as health conditions of our own. 12) In sum, exercise can do us good or harm, all depending on how we make use of it.批驳分析类What Attitude Should We Take to Sth.1. 社会上对某事物的错误观念2. 分析批驳其错误所在3. 给出如何看待该事物的建议写作模式（批驳分析类）1) With the arrival / birth of , sth. is becoming more and more in our life. 2) Hit / Affected with this trend, some / many people come to believe / contend that .(错误观念) 3) But their viewpoint / belief could not arouse any echo in my mind.(作者的立场) 4) It is true that sth. is a key ingredient in ones (让步法分析) 5) On any scale of , in fact, there is almost nothing heavier than sth. 6) If we see sth. in its true colors, however, it is nothing but (批驳分析I) 7) . (进一步阐述) 8) And moreover, laying any undue stress on sth. may lead one to , as can be easily seen in the cases of (批驳分析II) 9) Therefore, it is necessary to take a correct attitude towards sth. 10) On the one hand, (正确看法I) 11) On the other, . (正确看法II) 12) In sum, sth. means but not to our life. Reference model: What Attitude Should We Take to Money1) With the arrival of market-based economy, money is becoming more and more important in our life. 2) Hit with this trend, many people come to believe that money is above everything else in their life. 3) But their belief could not arouse any echo in my mind. 4) It is true that money is a key ingredient in ones struggle towards happiness, without which, for example, there would be no way to go to college or form a family. 5) On any scale of ones daily worry, in fact, there is almost nothing heavier than money. 6) If we see it in its true colors, however, money is nothing but a means to an end. 7) Money can buy us food, but not appetite; medicine, but not health; diplomas, but not knowledge; and days of joy, but not the whole life of happiness. 8) And moreover, laying any undue stress on money may lead one to stop at nothing in making it, as can be easily seen in the cases of most corrupt officials. 9) Therefore, it is necessary to take a correct attitude towards money. 10) On the one hand, money is vital to our daily life, in which case, it is wise of you to spend not where you may save. 11) On the other, money is something to be plowed into something more important, so it is better to spare not where you must spend. 12) In sum, money means something but not everything to our life.原因分析类请同学们认真看第三篇要背诵的英语四级作文，下周上课时要抽查。要求能背能默写。The Changes in Something1. 简述某一事物的变化情况2. 说明引起变化的原因3. 分析其影响或走向（原因分析类）写作模式1) As can be seen from the graph / table / diagram, there have been drastic / considerable / unfavorable changes in (议论的主题)over the past period from _ to _. 2) To be concrete, only in _(year) while / whereas the ratio(s) went up toin _ (year).(变化概述) 3) These changes are most disturbing, so it is necessary for us to go into the whys and wherefores of them first. (Para. 1) 4) Some changes, such as , result from , but many others have much to do with 5) In the first place, mans excessive exploitation of has done a lasting damage to , only to (原因分析I)6) (进一步说明) 7) In the second, in order to , man has had to overwork , which in turn has accelerated (原因分析II) 8) In the third, mans blind application of has caused permanent changes in (原因分析III) 9) Among these changes are . (进一步说明)(Para. 2)10) The list of causes could go on, but they are already enough to indicate that these changes are producing more and more negative effects on the world. 11) These changes not only , but also(分析) 12) If allowed to run its course, I firmly believe / I am afraid, this trend will certainly bring more harm / threats to our society / life.(结论句) (Para. 3)The Changes in Great Natural Disasters Worldwide 1. 简述所给图表中的变化。 2. 说明引起变化的主要原因。 3. 分析这些变化对全球的影响。1) As can be seen from the graph, there have been rapid changes in the great natural disasters worldwide over the past period from 1960s to 1990s. 2) To be concrete, there were only 16 terrible natural disasters, causing 300,000 deaths in 1960s while the ratios went up respectively to 131 and 1,100,000 in 1990s. 3) The changes are disturbing, so it is necessary for us to go into the whys and wherefores of them first.4) Some changes, such as those in earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, result from the movement of plates along the weaknesses in the earths crust, but many others have much to do with mans activities. 5) In the first place, mans mindless and excessive exploitation of natural resources has done a lasting damage to the ecosystem, only to invite more floods, landslides and mud-rock flows. 6) The rare flood to which China was subjected in 1998 is typical of the evil seeds man had sowed for himself. 7) In the second, in order to feed their more and larger families, people from all over the world have had to overwork their farming land as well as their grassland, which in turn has accelerated the desertification of the land on which they have been relying for existence. 8) In the third, mans blind application of scientific findings has caused unfavorable and permanent changes in the global living environment. 9) Among these changes are the depletion of ozone layer, the worsening of greenhouse effect, the recurrence of hurricanes and the extinction of more species.10) The list of causes could go on, but they are already enough to indicate that these changes are producing more and more negative effects on the world. 11) They have not only made it impossible for the natural systems to recover their balance but also made it harder for man to ensure his better survival. 12) If allowed to run its course, I am afraid, this trend will certainly bring more serious threats to all the living things on the Earth, mankind included. 注:红色为大的自然灾害（单位：次）； 黄色为死亡人口（单位：万） 1. 图表阐释类作文结构Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Do Athletes and entertainers Deserve Such High Salaries?. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the chart and the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 对表格内容进行描述2. 说明出现这种现象的原因3. 你的观点下图为2007年福布斯中国名人榜部分收入排名姓名姚明刘翔巩俐刘嘉玲胡军余华职业运动员运动员演员演员演员作家排名1458996结构公式陈列第一段 概述图表1.From the chart/graph/table/picture,we clearly learn that总述现象、变化或问题。2.图表中初期的数据或情况。3.However, 图表中数据或情况的变化。第一段 概述图表1. 主题句：概括图表所反映的总体现象、变化或问题。2. 扩展句一：概述图表中显示的初期的数据或情况3. 扩展句三：概述图表中数据或情况的变化第二段 说明原因4.The following reasons can account for现象、变化或问题。5.First of all/ To begin with,第一点原因。6. What is more/Moreover,第二点原因。7.In addition/Besides第三点原因。第二段 说明原因4. 主题句：引出下文对原因的说明。5. 扩展句一：说明第一点原因。6. 扩展句二：说明第二点原因。7. 扩展句三：说明第三点原因。第三段 说明影响、问题或表达观点8.From my point of view/As for me, “我“的思考或看法。9.可能的影响、问题或注意事项一。10.Besides，可能的影响、问题或注意事项。11. Therefore/To conclude,作出总结。第三段 说明影响、问题或表达观点8. 主题句：“我”的思考或看法。9. 扩展句一：第一点影响、问题或注意事项10. 扩展句二：第二点影响、问题或注意事项11. 结尾句：经常是提出建议或作出展望。参考范文Do Athletes and entertainers Deserve Such High Salaries?From the chart above we can see that athletes and entertainers earn much more than writers. Yao Ming, as the most famous basketball star, is the richest while the famous writer Yu Hua has lagged far behind.The major reason for this phenomenon is that athletes and entertainers get more attention from the public than the writers, and by taking advantages of their fames they can earn money through ads very easily. As we know, writers cannot be more popular than sports or movie stars.Maybe some people think that this is unfair, for in their opinion, scholars should earn more than stars. But I dont think so. First, the stars salary is just an indication of their hard work and fierce competition; and whats more, the stars splendid career is rather short and many of them have to retire even before their thirties. Finally, the stars bring us so much pleasure and fun, and release us form stressful life. To sum up, they indeed deserve what they have got.点评这是一篇图表作文题。文章第一段描述表格，得出结论：体育、娱乐明星收入远远超过作家。第二段具体分析了产生这种现象的原因。注意The reason for sth. Is that 结构，用来陈述原因。第三段进行总结，说明明星获得高收入的原因，指出他们对此当之无愧。注意连接词First, whatmore,Finally,To sum up的使用，使得文章结构更加紧凑，行文流畅。2. 说明现象类作文结构说明现象类作文一般是需要考生描述所给提纲中反映出的现象的总体情况，对该现象的原因、相关因素或影响进行解释说明，并分析该现象中可能存在的问题或将来的发展趋势。例：Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of The Celebration of Western Festivals. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日。2. 产生这种现象的原因。3. 这种现象可能带来的影响。结构公式陈列第一段 描述现象1. nowadays/In recent years, 概述现象。2. 现象表现。3.In addition/Also, 进一步描述现象表现或变化。第一段 描述现象1. 主题句：概括指出现象2. 扩展句一：现象的具体表现或变化3. 扩展句二：进一步说明现象的表现或变化第二段 说明原因4. Many different reasons contribute to 该现象。/There are many different factors决定该现象。5. Among them, 第一点原因或因素play/plays a critical role. 6. Moreover,第二点原因或因素。7. Besides, 第三点原因或因素或说明影响4. 该现象has brought great influence on影响对象。5. firstly，第一点影响。6.secondly，第二点影响。7. Finally，第三点影响。第二段说明原因4. 主题句：引出下文对原因的说明。5. 扩展句一：说明第一点原因6. 扩展句二：说明第二点原因7. 扩展句三：说明第三点原因或说明影响1.主题句：引出下文对影响的说明2. 扩展句一：说明第一点影响3. 扩展句二：说明第二点影响4. 扩展句三：说明第三点影响第二段 总结评述8. In my opinion/As for me, 本人对现象的总结或述评。9.具体作出评述.10 进一步作出评述.11. 作出总结。第三段 总结评述5. 主题句：可能现象的发展趋势或利或弊评述，或是本人对现象的看法。6. 扩展句一：具体评述7. 扩展句二：进一步评述8. 结尾句：总结全文（有时可以略去参考范文In recent years many Chinese people like to celebrate western festivals. Even some youngsters are paying （1）as great attention to Christmas （1）as our Spring Festival.（2） In addition, other western festivals, like April Fools day and Valentines Day, are very popular among Chinese people.（3）Many reasons contribute to this phenomenon. Among them, relaxing and comfortable atmosphere from western festivals plays a critical role.(2) Moreover, more and more Chinese people begin to learn English,（4） which provides them with more chances（5） to be exposed to western culture and festivals. （2）Besides, many businessmen desperately try to boost the atmosphere of foreign festivals to attract more customers.（6）As far as I am concerned, our paying too much attention to western festivals will（7） bring some side effects. The popularity of western festivals（8） to some extent has influence our traditions. （2）Therefore, I suggest that people should（9） not（10） be immersed too much in the western festivals （9）but ignore Chinese traditional festivals.点评（1） 意为“或.一样”，同级比较（2） 衔接词语使文章条例清晰、意思连贯。（3） 益处原因重用句式（4） Which引导非限制性定于从句。（5） 意为“暴露于”。（6） 用于引出个人观点。（7） 意为“带来负面影响”（8） 意为“在某种程度上（9） 意为“不是.而是.”，连接并列结构。（10） 意为“过分沉浸在.中”。3. 对策方法类作文结构对策方法类作文一般需要考生描述提纲中所反映的问题，说明问题的危害和解决问题的必要性，然后针对该问题提出应对策略或解决方法。例：Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of Getting to Know the World outside the Campus. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 大学生了解社会的必要性。2. 了解社会的途径（大众传媒、社会服务等）.3. 你打算怎么做。结构公式陈列第一段 提出问题1.提出问题。2.问题的重要性或危害性。3.Besides/additionally,进一步阐述问题的重要性或危害。4.Therefor/No doubt, it is very important/necessary/urgent for问题涉及的对象to learn how to解决该问题第一段 提出问题1. 主题句：概括提出问题。2. 扩展句一：指出问题的严重性或危害性。3. 扩展句二：进一步阐述问题的重要性或危害性。4. 结尾句：承上启下，表达解决问题的必要性，引出解决方法。第二段 说明方法5.The following ways are effective in解决问题。/There are many ways which can be adopted to 解决问题。/The following factors play an important role in解决问题。6.Firstly, 第一点方法。7.Secondly,第二点方法。8. Finally,第三点方法。第二段 说明方法5. 主题句：引出问题的解决方法或决定因素。6. 扩展句一：说明第一点解决方法。7. 扩展句二：说明第二点解决方法。8. 扩展句三：说明第三点解决方法。第三段 总结评述9.As far as I am concerned/As for me,本人的观点或选择10.具体观点或选择依据。11.To conclude/Therefore,总结或建议。第三段 总结评述9. 主题句：引出本人对该问题或解决方法的观点或选择。10. 扩展句：具体阐述观点或选择依据。11. 结尾句：作出总结或提出建议。参考范文Getting to Know the World outside the Campus It (1) is of great significance for a college student to know the world outside the campus. In this (2)fast-developing “Information Age”, college students must(3) keep pace with the progress of the world.(4) Additionally, by contacting the off-campus world, college students can have chance to more practical skills.(4 )Therefore,(5) how to know the world outside the campus (6)is worth our attention.Many ways can be adopted by our college students to increase our knowledge of the world.(4) Firstly, mass media, such as radios, televisions, newspapers and the Internet, are a good choice,(7)by which we can (8)be well informed about what is happening. (4)Secondly, providing volunteer services is an efficiently way to contact and know the society.(4)Thirdly, we can take part-time jobs to increase our practical experience.(4)As for me, I will try to create and grasp more chances to contact the society. In my opinion, getting to know the off-campus world is (9)as important(9) as improving academic performance.(4) Therefore, I suggest every college student should(10) not(11) confine himself to the campus(10) but often go outside.点评（1）“be of+n.”相当于”be+adj.”。（2）符合形容词做定语，意为“迅速发展的”（3）意为“跟上”（4）衔接词语使文章条理清晰、意思连贯。（5）“疑问词+不定式”结构充当主语。（6）be worth sth./doing sth.意为“值得.”。7Which在定语从句中充当介词宾语。（8）inform是及物动词，一味“通知，告知”，经常用作被动结构“be informed about/of”.(9) 同级比较结构。（10）连接并列结构，意为“不是.而是“。（11）意为“将自己局限于”。4.对比分析类作文结构Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 有人做好事期望得到回报。2. 有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报。3. 你的观点。结构公式陈列1. 观点或选择A1.简述要讨论的主题，引出对其的的不同观点或选择/When it comes to 谈论主题，there is no complete agreement among people.2. Some people think/prefer to/choose观点或选择A。3.观点或选择的第一点理由。4.观点或选择的第二点理由。第一段 观点或选择A1. 主题句：提出要讨论的主题，引出两种不同的观点或选择。2. 扩展句一：指出一种观点或选择。3. 扩展句二：阐述该种观点或选择的第一点理由。4. 扩展句二：阐述该种观点或选择的第二点理由。2. 观点或选择B5.However, there are many others who观点或选择B。6.In their opinions/They maintain/they point out观点或选择B的第一点理由。7.Besides，观点或选择的第二点理由。第二段 观点或选择B5. 主题句：转折出另一种观点或选择。6. 扩展句二：阐述该种观点或选择的第一点理由。7. 扩展句二：阐述该种观点或选择的第二点理由。第三段“我”的观点或选择8. As for me, I agree“我”的观点或选择。/Weighing up these two arguments/choices, “我”的观点或选择。9. “我”的第一点理由。10.“我”的第二点理由。11.Therefore/To conclude,作出选择第三段“我”的观点或选择8. 主题句：综合两种观点或选择，表明“我”的观点或选择。9. 扩展句一：阐述“我”的第一点理由。10. 扩展句二：阐述“我”的第二点理由。11. 结尾句：经常是提出建议或作出展望。参考范文Nowadays, （1）different people hold different views about whether or not one should expect a reward when doing a good deed. Some people think that a good deed should be given a certain reward. They say it is agreeable with the rule of fairness. （2）Also, rewards can stimulate peoples enthusiasm to good deeds.（3）However, there are many others who take Leifeng as a model and be always ready to help others without expecting any reward. Everyone may be in trouble.（5）Only if you help others unselfishly, you can get others help when you need it. （2）Besides, they maintain that one can enjoy happiness in doing good deeds, （6）they think, （7）which is the best return.（8）Weighing up these tow arguments, I prefer the second one. （2）First, being happy to help others is one of Chinese peoples traditional virtues.（2） Second, this virtue（9） is of more significance for the creation of a harmonious society. （2）To conclude, （10）it is e