阅读语篇初三英语.doc

Reading ComprehensionFor years, psychologists (心理学家) have been against giving children prizes or money for their performance in school. “Outwards prizes, they say, can undermine the joy of learning for its own good and can even lead to cheating.But many economists(经济学家) and business people disagree, and their opinions often become popular in the educational marketplace. Prize programs that pay students are underway in many cities. In some places,students can bring home hundreds of dollars for, say, taking an Advanced Placement course and having high grades in the exams.“Whether such efforts work continues to be a debate(争议) ,” said Barbara Marian, an assistant professor of education at Pennsylvania State. She is against using prizes as encouragement. Among parents, it often leads to very hot discussion.And in public education, a new focus on school reform(改革) pushes researchers on both sides of the debate to make more efforts to get data(数据) that may provide information on when and whether prizes work.“We have to get beyond our biases(偏见), said Roland Fryer, an economist at Harvard University who is planning and testing several prize programs. “Luckily, the scientific method allows us to examine most of those biases and let the data do the talking. In the cash programs being studied, Roland Fryer and other economists compare the school performance of groups of students who are paid and students who are not. In the study, they find that the students who are prized get higher grades on the SAT and go to better colleges than those who are not.However, many psychologists believe that early data can be one-sided. Research suggests that prizes may work in the short term but have bad influences in the long term.“Are they highly interested in what they are doing? Or does it feel like hard work? The same prize program might have different influences on different kinds of students, said Kirabo Jackson, a famous psychologist at Cornell University. “The higher the prize is, the more harmful the result might be.”81. The underlined word “undermine in Paragraph l most probably means”_”.A.understand B.examine C. kill D. protect 82 From Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3, we can learn that _.A. the students parents welcome prize programsB. prize programs are getting popular in many citiesC. the government provides money for prize programsD. all the education researchers support prize programs83. According to Roland Fryer and other economists study, students who are paid_ .A. have more scientific methods B. like to discuss with other studentsC. always cheat in examinations D. have better performance at school84. The passage mainly tells us _. A. how to use prizes to encourage the studentsB. different opinions on giving students prizesC. how to make students study hard in schoolsD. bad results caused by some prize programs85. What does the writer think of prize programs? A. He doesnt mention it. B. He thinks they are harmful. C. He thinks they are great. D. He doesnt care about them.B Sometimes, little things can bring big changes. Justice and Nathaniel are learning this with music. A cello and a violin brought big changes to their lives. Justice and Nathaniel are in sixth grade. They go to a middle school named Northwest School of the Arts. They used to go to Winterfield Elementary School. Winterfield has a program with the Charlotte Symphony Orchestra (CSO). The CSO program teaches kids how to play musical instruments. Justice learned to play the violin. Nathaniel learned to play the violin and the cello. They are the first students from the program to go to Northwest.For the past six years, the CSO has given after-school music classes at Winterfield. Most of the kids in the school come from poor homes. Its difficult for their parents to afford music lessons. The CSO wants the kids to learn about music, and it also wants them to stay out of trouble and get better grades. The program was started to teach kids about music. It wants to help kids in other ways, too. Kids are allowed to take smaller instruments home to practice. This teachers them to take responsibility for something valuable. The program also encourages cooperation(合作). Students must spend time with children they might know outside of the program. And also, the program teaches practice habits. When students get better after practice, they learn that practice is good.Students use the first year to explore and find a “forever instrument.” Justice tried out the clarinet and cello before picking a violin.Nathaniel liked the trumpet but decided on the cello and violin.“When I started, it actually looked easy, but I knew it would get tougher,” says Nathaniel. “Practicing is a pleasure. Im always trying to get a song perfect, so Im playing 15-20-25 minutes a day.”Thanks to music, Justice and Nathaniel got into a good middle school. Justices mom said she is very glad that he does well in class and that he likes it. “It makes a big difference,” Nathaniels dad said.76.The word “cello” in the passage is most probably _. A. a musical instrument B. an expert in music C. a famous musician D. a music program77. From Paragraph 2, we can learn that Justice and Nathaniel _. A. are six-year-old school boysB. are learning art in a primary school C. are middle school students D. worked for a school music program78. Which of the following is true about the CSO program? A. It trains music teachers for a school. B. It gives kids after-school music classes. C. It teaches each kid to play the violin. D. It tries to raise money to help poor kids.79. Paragraph 4 mainly talks about _. A. how to become a responsible person B. the importance of cooperation C. how to take p