限定词（determiner）.doc

限定词（determiner）限定词是在名词词组中对名词起特指，类指以及表示确定数量和飞确定数量等限定作用的词类。英语的限定词包括定冠词（the），不定冠词(a,an)，零冠词，物主限定词：my,your,his,her,our,your,their,ones,its名词属格：Johns,Lilys指示限定词：this,that,these,those,such关系限定词：whose,which疑问限定词：what,which,whose不定限定词：no,some,any,each,every,enough,either,neither,all,both,halfseveral,many,much,(a) few,(a) little,other,another.基数词和序数词倍数词和分数词量词：A lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great deal of, a large/small amount quantity of, a great /large/good number of限定词与三类名词的搭配关系。（U,C,Plural）能与这三类名词搭配的：The,some,any,no,other,whose以及my,your等物主限定词和名词属格（Johns,my friends）I have no time to write to you.It is still unclear whose houses were burnt last night.只能与单数名词搭配的限定词A(an),one, another,each,every,either,neither,many a, such a,etc.He is going to buy another car.只能与复数名词搭配的限定词Both ,two,three,another two/three,many, (a)few , several,these,those,a (great) number of等只能与复数名词搭配。There are few things I enjoy more than watching fish swimming in the stream.They have invited me several times to their home.In another two weeks, it will be finished.只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如a (little) bit of , a large amount of, a great deal of, (a) little, much,less, (the) least等只能与不可数名词，例如：A bit of waterA large amount of moneyMuch noise(a) little spaceI can speak a bit of French .能与单复数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如the first,the second,the last, the next,etc.The next meetingThe next meetingsWe will have the next classes on the playground.My first reaction was to hit him.能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词This,thatI hope to enjoy that feeling again.Whoever had come up with this idea deserved a medal.能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的A lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough,more, most ,such, othera lot of money, lots of food, a lot of books plenty of chairs, enough copiesenough coal, more time, most people such menAre there enough cakes for everyone?They didnt have enough information about the incident. A few/few 和a little /little 的问题。少量的。 A few /few +C A few 肯定意义, few 是否定意义 A little/little +U A little 是肯定意义，little是否定意义。肯定Let invite a few friends to come with us.There are only a few left.Give me a little of that wine.I had a little difficulty in slving the problem. (have difficulty in doing sth)否定I have very few chocolates left.I understand little of his speech.Some , any.Some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句和疑问句。Any用于条件分句If you have any trouble,please let me know.当购物时售货员提问用some.Would you like some apples?当 some 与单数名词搭配时，some 相当于a certain（“某一”）的意思。而any 与单数名词搭配时，any相当于every，表示“任何一个”Some boy has broken the window.Any child could answer the question.As many/much +n.+asYou can take as many copies as you can.They can spend as much money as they need on the project.表示“全体”有all 和both,all 表示三者或三者以上全体，both 表示两者“都”Both his parents are against his going there alone.All these few days the farmers have been busy fighting drought.(抗旱)（加“not/no”一定是部分否定）“全体都不”的意思，三个及以上用none,两个都不用neither. None of the students failed the examination. No one failed the examination. Neither (one) of the (two) students failed the examination.表示“全体中的每个”，全体包含三个及以上，用every,群体包含两个及以上，用each.Every student in the class took part in the performance.Each side of the street was crowded with people.(不可以用every)表示全体中的“任何一个”，三者及以上用any,只包含两者用either.Any child would know that.There are two flights for Beijing in the morning. You can take either one.There are warehouses(批发商店) on either side of the river.冠词类指定冠词与某些形容词与分词连用，表示类别或抽象概念。The sick have been cured, the lost have been found, and the dead have been revived.The rich get richer,and the poor children.零冠词与复数名词或者不可数名词搭配，表示一类人或物。Carrots are my favourite vegetable.Knowledge is power.各类名词前的冠词问题专有名词之前若带有限制性修饰语，通常带定冠词The new China the young Shakespeare海洋，江河，海峡，海湾名称通常带定冠词。The AtlanticThe Suez Canal湖一般不带冠词。道路，广场，车站，机场，公园，桥梁，职务等名称一般不带冠词。Times Square时代广场London Station 伦敦站Zhongshan Park 中山公园组织，机构，机关，车船，公共建筑物，大多数带定冠词The British MuseumThe Labour Party 劳动党节假日不带冠词Christmas, Easter,New Years day冠词与普通名词在乐器名称之前通常用定冠词，而在球类、棋类等文体活动前用零冠词。Play football,play the piano小病名称，通常不用定冠词。I am having a cold/a sore throat/a cough.Ive caught a chill(受凉)带定冠词和不定冠词表示处所，不带表示处所的功能。The boy is old enough for school.Before the war there used to be a school in the village.We are going to the church.He is at/in church.(在做礼拜)They were at table(在用餐) when we called.其他注意be in charge of 负责 be in the charge of 由负责 take place 发生 take the place of 代替 It is out of question. 那是毫无疑问的。 It is out of the question. 那是根本不可能的。 on the whole 大体上; 一般地 as a whole 全班的; 整体的 at a distance 稍远些 in the distance 在远处 a number of一些, 许多 the number of 的数目 for a moment 一会儿 for the moment 目前; 暂时 in hospital/prison 住院/住监（表概念） in the hospital/prison 在医院/监狱里（表地点）on earth 究竟 on the earth在地球上At the bottom ofAt bottom(实际上)In front of In the front of At the front (在前线)In the case ofIn case of In possession ofIn the possession of练习There are trees on _(each/both) side of the street.I saw_ (a lot of/ a little) cars on the street.There is _(few/plenty of) water in the bottle.Id like _(a bit of/ several) paper.He has published _(a great amount of/ a number of /many a) stories in English.There are _(a few/much) mistakes in the paper.There are _(plenty of/both) chairs in the room._(a little/little) care would have prevented the accident.1(2011全国)It is generally accepted that _ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man.A. a; a B. a; theC. the; the D. a; /2(2011全国)As he reached _ front door, Jack saw _ strange sight.A. the; / B. a; theC. /; a D. the; a3(2011山东)Take your timeits just _ short distance from here to _ restaurant.A. /; the B. a; theC. the; a D. /; a4(2011江西)Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _ year.Right, he will also get paid by _ week.A. the; the B. a; theC. the; a D. a; a5(2011陕西)As is known to all, _ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world.A. the; / B. /; theC. the; the D. /; /6(2011浙江)Experts think that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso.A. the; / B. a; theC. a; / D. the; a7(2011重庆)In communication, a smile is usually _ strong sign of a friendly and _ open attitude.A. the; / B. a; anC. a; / D. the; an8(2011四川)Dr. Peter Spence, _ headmaster of the school, told us, “_ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”A. /; A B. /; TheC. the; The D. a; A9(2010山东)If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view.A. /; the B. /; aC. the; a D. the; the10(2010北京)First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.A. a; the B. the; theC. a; a D. the; a11(2010江苏)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that _ people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu.A. /; a B. /; theC. the; a D. the; the12(2010福建)Its _ good feeling for people to a dmire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _ pleasure.A. /; a B. a; /C. the; a D. a; the13(2010浙江)Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body.A. a; / B/; theC. a; the D/; /14(2010辽宁)There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _space, about 900 of which could fall down onto_ earth.A.