Centos 7系统安装Cacti监控.doc

Cacti需要安装的rpm包httpdphpphp-mysqlphp-snmpphp-ldap (when using LDAP authentication)php-xmlmariadbmariadb-servermariadb-develnet-snmp*(主要安装net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs 组件) rrdtool rrdtool-devel rrdtool-php rrdtool-perl -安装rrdtool以生成图像gd gd-devel php-gd -rrdtool绘制图像需要的图形库crond (cron, cronie or the like)Centos 7 Yum不能工作报错如下：File /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down, line 61, in mainfo = PyCurlFileObject(opts.url, opts.filename, opts)File /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py, line 1258, in _init_self._do_open()File /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py, line 1589, in _do_openself._do_grab()File /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py, line 1723, in _do_grabself._do_perform()File /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py, line 1517, in _do_performraise KeyboardInterruptKeyboardInterruptExiting on user cancel解决方法：Vim /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py将elif errcode in (42,55,56):更改为：elif errcode = 42:即可。系统相关设置：1.同步时间：Yum install ntpNtpdate 22 Jan 14:00:07 ntpdate51575: step time server 72 offset 24261.632577 sec如果出去上面的内容说明，同步成功了。然后在crontab里面加上以下内容。*/10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate #域名或IP 每隔十分钟同步一次。推荐几个时间服务器。2.更新yum源(建议使用国内163yum)进入yum源配置目录cd /etc/yum.repos.d备份系统自带的yum源mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bk下载163网易的yum源：wget /.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo更新玩yum源后，执行下边命令更新yum配置，使操作立即生效yum clean allyum makecacheyum update3.安装gcc编译器Yum install gcc#make #make install4.直接关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewallsystemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动开机启动服务目录:/usr/lib/system/system/systemctl list-units -type=service | grep firewall.service 查看firewall是否开机启动开始安装：一、配置SNMP vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf 将41行（各有不同，请自行查找）下的default更改为 将62行（各有不同，请自行查找）下的systemview更改为all 将85行（各有不同，请自行查找）下的#注释掉 启动snmp systemctl start snmpd.service 启动服务 systemctl enable snmpd.service 设置开机启动二、MariaDB数据库配置 MariaDB设置数据库默认编码Vim /etc/fmysqldCharacter_set_server=utf8 添加内容 启用MariaDB数据库 systemctl start mariadb.service 启动服务 systemctl enable mariadb.service 设置开机启动服务 为root用户设置密码(以123456为例)，并修改登录权限，默认密码为空 #mysql u root p 回车后输入密码(空)MariaDB (none) use mysql; MariaDB mysql update user set password=password( 123456) where user=root;MariaDB mysqlgrant all privileges on *.* to rootlocalhost identified by 123456 with grant option;MariaDB mysqlflush privileges; 添加cacti用户和cacti数据库，并为其设置权限MariaDB mysqlcreate database cacti;创建cacti数据库MariaDB mysqlgrant all privileges on cacti.* to cactilocalhost identified by cacti with grant option;MariaDB mysqlflush privileges;1.4三、Cacti配置下载cactiwget /downloads/cacti-0.8.8f.tar.gz #下载cacti tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.8f.tar.gz #解压cacti mv cacti-0.8.8f /var/www/html/cacti #移动至/var/www/html/cacti下 将cacti的表内容导入创建的数据库 cd /var/www/html/cacti mysql -ucacti -pcacti cacti /dev/null 2&1 启用http服务 systemctl start httpd.service systemctl enable httpd.service四、修改cacti连接数据库的用户名和密码vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php$database_type = mysql;$database_default = cacti;$database_hostname = localhost;$database_username = cacti; 用户名$database_password = cacti; 密码$database_port = 3306;$database_ssl = false;五、安装Spine由于默认cmd.php来轮询数据，速度会很慢，特别是在监控节点比较多的情况下，cmd.php就更显不足了，因此我们采用Spine来轮询数据。cacti-spine是一个由C语言开发的，用于替代cmd.php的快速获取速度的引擎。 下载并编译安装 #wget /downloads/spine/cacti-spine-0.8.8f.tar.gz#tar -zxvf cacti-spine-0.8.8f.tar.gz#cd cacti-spine-0.8.8f#./configureMake & make install修改访问数据库的用户名密码信息#cp/usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf# vi /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.confDB_Host localhostDB_Database cactiDB_User cacti 用户名DB_Pass cacti 密码DB_Port 3306cp /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf /etc/注：spine默认配置文件需要放在/etc才会生效，否则测试时会报如下错误：SPINE: Poller0 FATAL: Unable to read configuration file! (Spine init)测试是否正常#/usr/local/spine/bin/spineSPINE: Using spine config file ./etc/spine.confSPINE: Version 0.8.8f startingSPINE: Time: 2.0130 s, Threads: 1, Hosts: 2 进入Cacti页面设置spine路径Console - Configuration - Settings - Paths - Alternate Poller Path - Spine Poller File Path/usr/local/spine/bin/spine 修改Cacti使用的Poller TypeConsole - Cacti Settings-Poller-Poller Type在下拉中选择spine五、不能出图的几个问题: 安装Cacti后，完全无图，这是因为rrdtool没有完全安装 如不能出图，可能是时钟问题，如下: #cat /var/www/html/cacti/log/cacti.log 1).#timedatectl #CentOS7统一的时间管理命令#timedatectl set-local-rtc yes #yes表示使用本地时间，no则表示是UTC时间# rm -rf /var/www/html/rra/* #删除/var/www/html/rra/下面的所有文件#/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php -force #强制执行