浅析海洋结构物的材料(英文版)(doc 17页).doc

GENERAL SPECIFICATION 总体规格书总体规格书 MATERIALS FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 海洋结构物的材料海洋结构物的材料 CACT NONE S F993 S002 TABLE OF CONTENTS 目录目录 1 INTRODUCTION 3 1 1Scope 3 1 2References 3 1 3Codes and Standards 3 1 4Material Substitutions 5 2 STEEL 5 2 1Grades 5 2 2Quality Control and Inspection 7 2 3Fabricated Structural Pipe 8 2 4Miscellaneous Steel 9 3 TIMBER 10 3 1General 10 3 2Launch Runners 10 4 MATERIAL TRACEABILITY AND DOCUMENTATION 10 4 1General 10 4 2System Components 11 5 INSPECTION 13 6 STORAGE OF MATERIAL 14 Attachment 1 Traceability Cross Reference Table Project 15 1 INTRODUCTION 导言 1 1Scope 适用范围 This General Specification defines an acceptable standard for the manufacture and supply of carbon steel and carbon manganese steel flat plate plate for tubulars structural shapes structural tubulars and miscellaneous materials to be used in the fabrication of the fixed offshore structure s defined in the Technical Specifications 此规格定义了在技术说明书中对于固定式海洋结构物建造所用到的各种碳钢和碳锰 钢材料的钢板 卷管用板 结构型钢和结构管材以及附件材料的标准 This General Specification is intended for offshore structures which will be subject to specific environmental conditions as follows 此规格专门用于受以下特殊环境条件影响的海洋结构物 Up to 400 feet water depth 400 英尺以上水深 Mild climates such as offshore US Gulf of Mexico West Africa and the South China Sea 温和的气候条件例如美国的墨西哥湾 西非 和中国南海海面 Low risk earthquake areas 低地震发生风险地区 This General Specification may be modified or enhanced by the Technical Specification and Fabrication Drawings with which it is associated 此规格可能会随技术说明书和建造图中相关内容的变动而修改或进一步详细说明 1 2References 参考文件 The following references supplement this General Specification 以下的参考文件作为此规格的补充 CACT NONE S F993 S003Fabrication of Offshore Structures References that are not applicable to the Scope of Work as specified in the Technical Specification have not been included in the Contract Documents 参考文件不适用于在合同文件中不包括的工作范围 像技术说明书中详细说明的部 分 1 3Codes and Standards 编号和标准 The structural material shall be manufactured in accordance with good engineering practices and in compliance with the latest editions and revisions unless noted otherwise of the following Codes and Standards as applicable 结构材料的制造应符合优良的工程惯例 遵照下列编号和标准的最新版本及修订本 除非另有说明 1 3 1American National Standards Institute ANSI ANSI ASME B1 1Unified Inch Screw Threads UN and UNR Thread Form 1 3 2American Petroleum Institute API API RP 2ARecommended Practice for Planning Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms API Specification 2BSpecification for Fabricated Structural Steel Pipe API Specification 2HCarbon Manganese Steel Plate for Offshore Platform Tubular Joints API Specification 5LSpecification for Line Pipe 1 3 3American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM ASTM A 6Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Steel Plates Shapes Sheet Piling and Bars for Structural Use ASTM A 36Specification for Structural Steel ASTM A 53Specification for Pipe Steel Black and Hot Dipped Zinc Coated Welded and Seamless ASTM A 123Specification for Zinc Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings on Iron and Steel Products ASTM A 320Specification for Alloys Steel Bolting Materials for Low Temperature Service ASTM A 325Specification for High Strength Bolts for Structural Steel Joints ASTM A 572Specification for High Strength Low Alloy Columbium Vanadium Steels of Structural Quality ASTM A 578Specification for Straight Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special Applications ASTM A 633Specification for Normalized High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steel ASTM A770Through Thickness Tensile Testing of Steal Plate for Special Applications ASTM E 112Methods for Determining Average Grain Size In case of conflict between this General Specification and the Codes and Standards above the most stringent requirement shall govern 如出现规范与以上标准产生矛盾的情况 以最为苛刻的条件为准 1 4Material Substitutions 材料代替品 Substitutions of any materials not meeting this General Specification or the Technical Specification and not approved in writing by ACT OG shall not be accepted and shall be removed from the Work and replaced with specified materials by the Contractor at his sole expense Contractor shall submit substitution request in writing to ACT OG for approval allowing reasonable time for evaluation without disruption of the work schedule Requests shall include nature and extent of the substitution effect on Contract amount full specifications and physical properties of proposed substitute and any other pertinent information requested by ACT OG 不符合此规格或技术说明书并且没有被 ACT OG 书面认可的替换材料是不被接受 的 这些材料在工程中将严禁使用并且由承包商自己出资购买指定的材料 承包商 需要在不打乱施工进度的条件下向 ACT OG 提交书面的材料替换请求来获得批准 2 STEEL 钢材 2 1Grades 等级 2 1 1General 概述 a The four 4 grades of steel which may be used to fabricate plate rolled shapes built up girders and beams and tubulars are Mild Steel MS Special Mild Steel SMS High Strength Steel HS and Special High Strength Steel SHS which are defined herein 用于制造钢板 卷制型材 做成各种横梁和管材的钢有四种 低碳 钢 MS 特殊低碳钢 SMS 高强度钢 HS 特殊高强度钢 SHS 在这里我们将分别予以定义 b The location and use of these grades of steel shall be as defined in the Fabrication Drawings 这些不同等级钢材的用途和位置将在建造图中予以详细的定义 c Steel conforming to comparable specifications of other standards organizations shall be considered upon written application to ACT OG 钢材如要参考其他组织的规范和标准需向 ACT OG 提交请求 2 1 2Mild Steel MS 低碳钢 MS a Mild Steel MS plate shapes and plate for tubulars shall conform to ASTM A 36 Specification for Structural Steel 低碳钢 MS 材料的钢板 型材 卷管用板须遵从 ASTM A 36 结 构钢材说明书 b Structural grade seamless line pipe may be used for tubulars less than twenty four 24 inches O D for handrails grating supports walkways or as shown on the Fabrication Drawings Line pipe shall meet the requirements of API Specification 5L Grade B or ASTM A 53 Grade B 这种结构等级的无缝管材可能会用于在栏杆 格栅 走道上外径小 于 24 英寸的管材 以及建造图纸上的指定位置 管线管需要遵守 API Specification 5L Grade B or ASTM A 53 Grade B 的要求 c All mild steel shall have a minimum of 36 000 pounds per square inch psi 250 Mpa yield strength 所有低碳钢的钢材的屈服强度要大于每平方英寸 36 000 磅 psi 250 Mpa 2 1 3Special Mild Steel SMS 特殊低碳钢 SMS Special Mild Steel SMS plate shall conform to ASTM A 36 except that this steel shall be manufactured to a fully killed fine grain practice grain size six 6 and finer as determined by ASTM E 112 特殊低碳钢 SMS 的板材需遵从 ASTM A 36 除非这些钢材需要手工 完全割开 fine grain practice grain 6 号和 finer 则需要遵从 ASTM E 112 2 1 4High Strength Steel HS 高强度钢 HS a High Strength Steel HS plate shall conform to the requirements of API 2H Grade 50 or ASTM A 633 Grade C 高强度钢 HS 的板材需要遵从 API 2H Grade 50 or ASTM A 633 Grade C 的要求 b High Strength Steel HS for rolled shapes shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 633 Grade D 用于卷制成型的高强度钢 HS 需遵从 ASTM A 633 Grade D 的要 求 c These grades of steel shall be fully killed fine grain practice grain size six 6 or finer as determined by ASTM E 112 用于完全断开 fine grain practice grain 6 号和 finer 的这种钢材 需遵从 ASTM E 112 d The carbon equivalent index shall be for Grade 50 steels as defined by API Specification 2H 50 号钢的碳元素指标遵从 API Specification 2H e High Strength Steel for tubulars less than twenty four 24 inches O D may conform to seamless API Specification 5L 用于管材的外径小于 24 英寸的高强度钢应遵从 seamless API Specification 5L 2 1 5Special High Strength Steel SHS 42 and SHS 50 特殊高强度钢 SHS 42 和 SHS 50 a Two 2 special high strength steels may be used in the structure s 在结构中要用到两种特殊高强度纲 SHS 42 shall conform to the API Specification 2H Grade 42 Carbon Manganese Steel Plate for Offshore Platform Tubular Joints and Supplements S 1 and S 5 therein SHS 42 应遵从 API Specification 2H Grade 42 如用于石油 平台管件连接处的碳锰钢板 和在 S 1 与 S 5 处的附件 SHS 50 shall conform to the requirements of API 2H Grade 50 or ASTM A 633 Grade C Normalized High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steel with API 2H supplements S 1 S 4 and S5 applicable to either designation SHS 50 应遵从 API 2H Grade 50 或 ASTM A 633 Grade C API 2H 的规格化的高强度低合金结构钢用于 S 1 S 4 S5 同样用于其他设计 b These materials shall be fully killed and normalized grain size six 6 or finer as determined by ASTM E 112 这些材料如要完全割开 grain size six 6 or finer 要遵从 ASTM E 112 c The steels shall meet the requirements of ASTM A 578 Straight Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special Applications and ASTM A770 For ultrasonic examination acceptance level II shall be used and the entire plate shall be scanned Supplementary requirements S1 and S4 shall apply 钢材要符合 ASTM A 578 特殊用途的普通和复合钢的直梁超声 波检查 和 ASTM A770 整个板材要按照超声波检查 level II 的标 准进行仔细检查 附件要求 S1 和 S4 的要进行申请 d The maximum carbon equivalent shall be as defined by API Specification 2H for Grade 50 steels 最大碳当量由 API Specification 2H for Grade 50 steels 来定义 e These steels SHS shall conform to the requirements of the specifications listed in Subsection 2 1 5 except as modified herein 这些钢材 SHS 除了在这里修改的部分应遵照规格中 2 1 5 列出的要 求 i Manufacturing 制造 Materials shall be produced by a manufacturing process which includes ladle vacuum degassing calcium argon stirring or other suitable techniques which shall result in removal or shape control of the complex oxy sulfides The supplier shall provide a guarantee and substantial proof that the required properties and weldability can be achieved with the proposed process Melting by the open hearth process shall not be allowed 材料的制造需要经过一个过程 包括真空抽气 calcium argon stirring 或其他可以导致对复杂的氧 硫化物去除和形 状控制的适合技术 生产厂商应提供保证书和真实的证据来保 证符合要求的工具和焊接方法 平炉熔化方法是不被接受的 ii Chemical Requirements 化学要求 The maximum allowable sulfur content shall be 0 006 percent Rare earth metal REM additions shall not be permitted without written approval from ACT OG This approval shall be contingent upon a review of the details concerning the type and amount of REM additions how and at what point in the melting ladle degassing process are the REM added the sulfur level and the extent of degassing prior to the REM addition and the method used for analysis and control 最大容许含硫量为 0 006 稀有金属 REM 的增加量没有 ACT OG 的书面批准是不被许可的 这种批准要视具体的问 题形式和 REM 的增加量而定 REM 的增加在 melting ladle degassing 过程中是如何发生的 怎样发生的 硫化物含量的 提高和 degassing 的扩展早于 REM 的增加 此方法用于分析 和控制 iii Mechanical Requirements 机械要求 For grade SHS 50 the minimum yield strength shall be 50 000 psi 345 MPa and the minimum tensile strength shall be 70 000 psi 483 MPa for plates through four 4 inches 102mm in thickness 对于 SHS 50 材质的厚度为 4 英寸 102mm 最小屈服强度应 达到 50 000 psi 345 MPa 最小抗拉强度应达到 70 000 psi 483 MPa iv Notch Toughness Requirements 缺口韧性要求 The Charpy V notch impact test shall be used for all high strength ASTM materials for notch toughness requirements The test shall be conducted and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with API Specification 2H 对所有高强度 ASTM 材料应使用夏比 V 型缺口冲击实验来满 足缺口韧性要求 实验的操作和标准应遵照 API Specification 2H v Use 使用 These Special High Strength Steels shall not be interchange able under any conditions without the express written approval from ACT OG The Fabrication Drawings shall indicate where each of these steels shall be used 在任何条件下没有 ACT OG 的书面批准这些特殊高强度钢材 都不能随意替换使用 在建造图纸上将详细指出这些钢材使用 的位置 2 2Quality Control and Inspection 质量控制和检验 2 2 1General 概述 a All material shall be new stock and shall be free from deformations 所有材料应是准备好的 并且是无变形的 b All steel shall be manufactured by processes which ensure a product which is substantially free of segregation 所有的钢材在制作过程中应确保完整性 2 2 2Ultrasonic Testing 超声波测试 ACT OG intends to ultrasonically test delivered plate to be used for structural purposes under the following guidelines ACT OG 要求通过超声波测试交货的钢板是否满足下列基本条件 a Laminations less than three 3 inches 76mm in diameter and small areas of inclusions are not considered reject able if located where the plate is not loaded in the thickness directions Small isolated spot laminations salt and pepper shall not be rejected if the entire affected area can be encompassed within a three 3 inch 76mm diameter circle 迭片结构在直径上小于 3 英寸 76mm 如果在厚度方向上没有 荷载将不考虑小面积的杂质 如果整个影响区能够被直径超过 3 英 寸 76 mm 的部件所包围那么小的孤立的缺陷将不予考虑 b All plate utilized for the thickness direction loading within nine 9 inches 229mm from where braces are welded to the plate are to be rejected if ultrasonic inspection indicates 所有承受厚度方向荷载的板从拉筋与钢板的焊接处应控制在 9 英寸 229mm 以内 如超声波检验不符和要求将认作不合格 Internal discontinuities over three 3 inches 76mm in diameter with a fifty 50 percent loss in back reflection 内部在直径方向上超过 3 英寸 76mm 的间断 50 要反射 Internal discontinuities over 3 8 inch 10mm in diameter with total loss of back reflection 内部在直径方向上超过 3 8 英寸 10mm 的间断 整个损失都要反射 2 3Fabricated Structural Pipe 结构管件的制作 2 3 1General 概述 a All fabricated structural pipe of sixteen 16 inches O D or greater shall conform to API Specification 2B Specification for Fabricated Structural Steel Pipe except as modified by this General Specification 所有 O D 超过 16 英寸或更大的结构管件除非在本规格书中作了修 改 全应遵从 API Specification 2B Specification for Fabricated Structural Steel Pipe b Spirally welded pipe shall not be used ERW pipe may be allowed provided that it is supplied from an API certified manufacturer 不使用螺旋焊管 可以使用经 API 鉴定的生产厂商提供的 ERW 管 c All fabricated structural pipe less than sixteen 16 inches O D shall conform to API Specification 5L Specification for Line Pipe except as modified by this General Specification 所有 O D 小于 16 英寸的结构管件除非在本规格书中作了修改 全 应遵从 API Specification 5L Specification for Line Pipe 2 3 2Rolling Procedures 轧制程序 Contractor shall submit his procedures for forming plate into structural pipe to ACT OG for approval 承包商应向 ACT OG 提交用钢板轧制结构管件的程序 2 3 3Inspection 检验 All pipe furnished rolled from High Strength HS and Special High Strength SHS material shall be subject to inspection for local hard spots in accordance with the Workman ship Visual Inspection And Repair Section of API Specification 5L This test shall be at Contractor s expense but ACT OG reserves the right to witness test and to retest at its own expense Hard spots shall be removed in accordance with API Specification 5L 由高强度钢和特殊高强度钢轧制的管材在局部硬点上应与 API Specification 5L 的 Workman ship Visual Inspection And Repair 部分一 致 测试过程由承包商自行解决 ACT OG 有权监督测试过程和进行重复 检测 根据 API Specification 5L 热点应该去除 2 4Miscellaneous Steel 附件钢材 2 4 1Grating 格栅 a Grating and stair treads shall be steel 1 inch X 3 16 inch 26mm X 5mm serrated bar grating with bearing bars at 1 3 16 inch 31mm on centers and cross bars at four 4 inch 102mm on center except as modified on Fabrication Drawings All grating shall be serrated Kerrign Blaw Knox or ACT OG approved equal Grating and nosing shall be heavy duty galvanized minimum three 3 ounces of zinc per square foot 916 grams of zinc per square meter of steel surface in accordance with ASTM A 123 除非在建造图中有修改 格栅和梯子踏步用 1 inch X 3 16 inch 26mm X 5mm 齿状杆和支撑杆在中心 1 3 16 inch 31mm 交 叉杆在中间 four 4 inch 102mm 所有格栅应 serrated Kerrign Blaw Knox 或由 ACT OG 批准采用相当的方式 遵照 ASTM A 123 格栅和 nosing 要进行厚层镀锌 在钢材表面最小 3 盎司每平方英尺 的锌 916 克每平方米 b Grating treads and the edge of the landings at the top of the stairs to be fitted with a non skid cast abrasive nosing 格栅踏步和楼梯顶部平台边缘安装一个防滑落的打磨铸件 2 4 2Threaded Fasteners 螺纹紧固件 a All bolts and nuts 1 2 inch 13mm and smaller shall be Type 316 stainless steel ASTM A 320 Grade B8m All bolts and nuts larger than 1 2 inch 13mm shall conform to ASTM A 325 and shall be hot dipped galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 123 所有不大于 1 2 inch 13mm 的螺栓和螺母必须使用 316 不锈钢 ASTM A 320 Grade B8m 所有大于 1 2 inch 13mm 的螺栓和螺 母须遵从 ASTM A 325 根据 ASTM A 123 须热浸进行电镀 b Bolts and nuts shall be heavy hexagon pattern Threads shall be Coarse Thread Series conforming to ANSI ASME B1 1 螺栓和螺母须做成六角形形状 根据 ANSI ASME B1 1 螺纹采用粗 螺纹系列 2 4 3Deck Plate 甲板板 All floor areas shown on Fabrication Drawings as plated shall be covered with either 1 4 inch 7mm or 3 8 inch 10mm thick plate depending on uniform load requirements 所有甲板板的分布在建造图上可以见到 由均布载荷的要求所用甲板板的 厚度有 1 4 inch 7mm 和 3 8 inch 10mm 之分 2 4 4Handrails 栏杆 ASTM A 120 material may be used for Handrails and Stair rails ASTM A 120 可用来作为制作栏杆的材料 2 4 5Manufactured Items 附件 All manufactured items such as cleats shackles wire rope clips thimbles turnbuckles chain tie wire etc shall be hot dipped galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 123 所有的附件例如夹板 卡环 钢丝绳 夹子 嵌环 螺丝扣 铁链 固定 绳索等 根据 ASTM A 123 须进行热浸电镀 3 TIMBER 木料 3 1General 概述 Miscellaneous timber shall be utility grade hardwood and shall be flat and straight and free of any splits or loose knots 各种各样的木料须使用硬木并且木料必须平整笔直 不能有任何的裂口和松散状况 3 2Launch Runners 滑靴 Timber for launch runners shall have an ultimate compressive strength perpendicular to the grain of at least 400 psi 2 76 MPa unless noted otherwise on the Fabrication Drawings 除非建造图上另外标明 用于滑靴的木料应至少能承受 400 psi 2 76 MPa 的垂直 方向压力 4 MATERIAL TRACEABILITY AND DOCUMENTATION 材料描述和文件 4 1General 概述 4 1 1Contractor Responsibility 承包商的责任 a Contractor shall establish a system subject to ACT OG approval for tracing all project dedicated structural material that is eventually assembled into the final fabricated product 承包商须建立起一个体系 服从 ACT OG 的批准安排 为工程材料 全程服务以保证最终建造产品的装配 b It shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor to establish the Material Traceability System and operate it on a continuous basis throughout the fabrication of the structure 承包商的唯一责任就是建立 Material Traceability System 并在整 个结构建造过程中一直执行好 c The Contractor shall mark all material as soon as it is received in the yard 在材料运到施工场地时承包商须作好材料的标记工作 d The Contractor shall furnish to ACT OG an updated copy of the Traceability cross reference Table every week during the fabrication period 在建造期间承包商每周须向 ACT OG 提供一份最新的 Traceability 参考表 4 1 2Final Trace of Materials Notebook 最终材料记录 The Contractor shall furnish three 3 hard bound copies of the final Trace of Material Notebooks Each final Trace of Material Notebook shall include 承包商须提供 3 份完整的最终材料记录 每份中应包括 a Final Traceability cross reference Tables 最终 Traceability 参考表 b One 1 original or certified copy of the mill certificate for all material or for material supplied from vendor stock certified copies of original mill certificates will be considered as the minimum acceptable traceability document A definition of certified copy is given in Subsection 4 2 3 below 一份制造资格证书的原件或经核准的副本 或卖主原料供应 制造 资格证书的原件或经核准的副本被看作为最基本的文件 在下面的 4 2 3 部分对经核准的副本作了详细定义 c One 1 complete set of the final shop drawings showing the required information as listed in Subsection 4 2 4 below 一份完整的最终车间加工图 其中所要求的信息在下面的 4 2 4 部 分中列出 4 2System Components 系统组成 4 2 1General