Unit-2-Spring-Sowing.ppt

Unit2SpringSowing BYQixiaoyang Warm upBackgroundinformationWordstudyTextanalysisSummary Contents Warm up Te Q1 ThetexttellsastoryaboutspringsowinginIreland doyouknowhowspringsowingisdoneinourcountry Openupplow犁地ridge作垄Manure施肥seaweed straw稻草sow spreadtheseeds播种 raisethesod除草water 浇水 Handsowing Flatsowing平耕Ridgesowing垄耕 Q2 Whatdoesspringmeantoyou Q3 Whatarethetop3qualitiesyourspousemustpossess TraditionalVirtues Hardwork Simpleliving Discipline Strongsenseofresponsibility Responsibilityforthehappinessofyourwife husband parentsandchildren Honesty Longingforthefuture Joyandlove Backgroundinformation 1 Author LiamO Flaherty 1896 1984OneofthemostsignificantandimportantmodernAnglo Irishauthors Histhemesstemfromhisexperiencesgrowingupinapoverty strickensocietyontheislandofAran Thenaturalistic mystical romantic andrealisticstyles MainWorks ThyNeighbor sWife 你邻居的妻子 TheBlackSoulTheInformer 告密者 wasmadeintoafilmofthesamename TheAssassinShametheDevilFamine 饥荒 IrishLiterature Backgroundinformation 2 Ireland TheAnglo IrishWarendedin1921 creatingtheIrishFreeState aDominionwithintheBritishEmpire witheffectiveinternalindependence butstillconstitutionallylinkedwiththeBritishCrown TheFreeStatelefttheCommonwealthtobecomearepublicin1949 Language English IrishCapital DublinReligion 92 Catholicism Irelandisasmall modern trade dependenteconomywithgrowthaveragingarobust 稳定的 坚定的 7 in1995 2004 Agriculture oncethemostimportantsector isnowdwarfedbyindustryandservices Ireland Backgroundinformation 3 Potato Thepotatowasintroducedaroundtheyear1600 Whenitarrived thepotato spopularitywasbasedonthepotatoproducingmorefoodperacrethananyothercropsIrishfarmershadgrownbefore ThePotatoComestoIreland IrelandwasthefirstcountryinEuropewherethepotatobecameamajorfoodsource Bythe1800 s thepotatowassoimportantinIrelandthatsomeofthepoorerpartsofthecountryreliedentirelyonthepotatoforfood Becausethepotatowassoabundantandcouldfeedsomanypeople itallowedthepopulationofIrelandtogrowveryquickly ThePotatoComestoIreland WordsStudy asserta tostateorexpresspositively toaffirm清楚而有力地表明 某事物 为事实 声称 断言assertone sinnocenceb toput oneself forwardboldlyorforcefullyinanefforttomakeanopinionknown坚定而有信心地使别人认识到 某事物 坚持 Example Ihadtoassertmyselfinthemeetinginordertoensureacquisitionofthenewbook Toassertistostateone sopinionconfidentlybutoftenwithoutprooftosupportit e g IhaveendeavoredtoassertnothingbutwhatIhadgoodauthorityfor WilliamSewel Asseverateconnotessobersincerityofassertion e g ThetaxpayeralsoasseveratesthathisreturnfromGreeceprovesconclusivelythathisintentionswereandarehonorable DailyReportforExecutives 纳税人同时郑重声明他从希腊的返回 本身就非常有说服力地证明他的意图 曾经是 现在也是诚实的 行政官员每日报告 除了我的确有把握的事情外 我不会断然地讲任何事情 威廉 西维尔 Whatyoudowhenyoueat Crunch crushsthnoisilywiththeteethwheneating嘎吱嘎吱地咬或嚼某物 E g crunchpeanuts biscuits etc嚼花生 饼乾等Munch Champ chomp tobiteoreatsomethingnoisily用力咀嚼 某物 大嚼E g Barrysatmunchingonanapple Gnaw tokeepbitingsth hard away at on 咬 啃E g shegnawedatherfingernails Swallow causeorallow espfoodordrink togodownthethroat吞下或咽下 尤指食物或饮料 E g Takingpillsiseasy justputtheminyourmouthandswallow Gulp bolt swallow foodordrink quicklyorgreedily快速或贪婪地吞咽 食物或饮料 E g Shegulpeddownherbreakfastandranforthebus brusque粗鲁的 无准备的 blunt率直的 直言不讳的 crusty爱发脾气的 暴躁的 Theseadjectivesmean abruptandsometimesdiscourteousinmannerorspeech gruff 声音 粗哑的 生硬的 人的行为 冷淡的 态度生硬的 Gruffimpliesroughnessorsurlinessofmannerandoftenharshspeechbutdoesnotnecessarilysuggestrudeness Heranswerwasgruff buthereyestwinkled Brusqueemphasizesrudeabruptness Trytocultivatealessbrusquemanner Bluntstressesutterfranknessandusuallyanupsettingdirectness e g Ihavetobeblunt you renotwelcomehere Crustysuggestsaroughandforbidding 难亲近的 mannerthatsometimesconcealsbenevolenceofspirit e g He sacrustyoldgentlemanwhofeedsstraydogsandcats imminencen thenearnessofsomethingthatisgoingtohappenimminenta abouttohappenverysoon Examples theimminenceofnuclearwarAnannouncementoffurthercutsingovernmentexpenditureisimminent a totakegreatpleasureordelightb literaryorhumorous todance drink sing etc atapartyorinpublic esp inanoisywayExamples Afterthelonghotsummerwerevelledintherainstorm Theyrevelledalldayandallnightaftertheirexams revelv revelryreveler Wordformation streakn a aline mark orbanddifferentiatedbycolorortexturefromitssurroundingsb aslightcontrastingelement atrace 个性中的 些微特点 Examples streaksofgreyappearinginhisblackhairTherewasastreakofwildness crueltyinhim Aninherent oftencontrastingquality swearv a touserudeandoffensivelanguageb topromisethatyouwilldosomethingc tosayverystronglythatwhatyouaresayingistrue Example Heturnedroundandsworeatme Victorsworehewouldgethisrevenge Monasworenevertoreturnhome Doyouswearonyourhonorthatyouwillnevertellanyone subjugatev a todefeat peopleoracountry andruletheminawaythatallowsthemnofreedomb totreat yourself yourwishesoryourbeliefs asbeinglessimportantthanotherpeopleortheirwishesorbeliefs Synonyms defeatconquervanquishbeatovercome Example Journalistsmustsubjugatepersonalpoliticalconvictionstotheirprofessionalcommitmenttofairnessandbalance defeat conquer vanquish beat overcomeTheseverbsmean togetthebetterofanadversary Defeatisthemostgeneral e g Whetherwedefeattheenemyinonebattle orbydegrees theconsequenceswillbethesame ThomasPaine Conquersuggestsdecisiveandoftenwide scalevictory e g Aconqueringarmyontheborderwillnotbehaltedbythepowerofeloquence OttovonBismarck Vanquishemphasizestotalmastery e g TheforcesofNapoleonwerevanquishedatWaterloo Beat lessformal isoftentheequivalentofdefeat thoughbeatmayconveygreateremphasis e g Towinbattles youbeatthesoul oftheenemyman GeorgeS Patton Subjugatemorestronglyimpliesreducinganopponenttosubmission e g ThelastforeignertosubjugateEnglandwasaNormandukeintheMiddleAgesnamedWilliam StanleyMeisler Toovercomeistoprevailover oftenbypersevering overcomeanenemyovercometemptationovercomeaphysicalhandicap a ashakingmovementoftheearthb ashakingmovementcausedbyfear nervousness illness weakness etc WordFormation tremulous颤抖的 打颤的 Example Therewasaslighttremorinhisvoice Thestorywassoterriblethatitsenttremorsdownmyspine 脊椎 tremorn TextAnalysis Aboutthestory SpringSowing istakenfromtheauthor sfirstcollectionofshortstorieswhichbearsthesametitlepublishedin1924 Thestorydescribesthefirstdayofthefirstspringplantingofanewly weddedcoupleagainstthebackgroundofatraditionalagriculturalcountry TextStructure Part1 Paras 1 4 MartinandMarybegantheirfirstdayofspringsowingasacouple a Theyoungcouplegotupearly Paras 1 2 b Theywerefilledwithbothexcitementandanxiety Paras 3 4 Part2 Paras 5 31 Adetaileddescriptionofthespringsowing a Theysetoutwiththejoyofspringandwerethefirsttostart Paras 5 11 b Martin sattentionwaswhollydevotedtowork Paras 12 14 c Theyhadalunchbreakinthefield Paras 15 20 d Martin sgrandfathercametoinspecttheirwork Paras 21 31 Part3 Paras 31 35 Theywereproudoftheirgoodday swork a ForafleetingmomentMarydreadedbeingafarmer swife Para 32 b Martinwaspleasedwithhisdisplayofmanhood Para 33 c Marylookedintoherfuturerealistically Paras 34 35 DetailedDiscussionoftheTextPara1rakeoutsth removeashesfrom afireetc livecoalslive stillburningorglowing notextincte g alivespark alivevolcanoMore live sLivefish alivebomb livecoverage livewire Outside cockswerecrowingandawhitestreakwasrisingfromtheground asitwere streak n astreakisalongthinmark lineorbandofadifferentsubstanceorcolor Hereinthetext itreferstotherayofearlysunlightwhichwaswhiteagainstthedarksky e g Therearestreaksofgrayappearinginherblackhair streak v 1 tocoverwithlineseg Thewomanfinishedhermovingstory ourfaceswerestreakedwithtears 2 tomoveveryfasteg Thecatstreakedacrosstheroadwiththedogbehindit idm 1 likeastreakoflightning veryquickly2 awinning losingstreak referstotherepeatedsuccess failureduringatimeofgoodorbadluck asitwere seemingly inaway sotospeak usedtocommentonthespeaker sownchoiceofwords whichmaygiveonlyanapproximatemeaning e g Sheseemedveryrelaxed inhernaturalsettingasitwere Para2 Hisfreckledfaceandhislittlefairmoustache freckled coveredwithsmalllight brownspotsonthehumanskinfair lightincolor blondTheman sfairmoustacheandfreckledfacesuggestthatheisstillquiteyoung Herblackhairpiledattherearofherheadwithalargecombgleaminginthemiddleofthepile Spanishfashion P herblackhairpiledintoamassatthebackofherheadwithacombshininginthemiddleofthepile inthewaySpanishpeopledo Combisusedheretokeepherhairbackandfordecoration Para3Theyateinsilence sleepyandbad humoredandyetonfirewithexcitement foritwasthefirstdayoftheirspringsowingasmanandwife onfire fig burningwithemotion passionorsensation greatlyexcited fullofardor veryenthusiastic excited orpassionateeg Hewasonfirewithexcitementatthismarveloussight manandwife husbandandwifeP Theyhadtheirbreakfast keepingsilent althoughstillnotfullyawake theyoungcouplewasalreadygreatlyexcited becausethatdaywasthefirstdayoftheirfirstplantingaftertheygotmarried Butsomehowtheimminenceofaneventthathadbeenlongexpected loved fearedandpreparedformadethemdejected theimminenceofanevent thefactthatsth usu unpleasant isnowabouttotakeplace dejected irritated inalowspirit depressed disheartened sadP Thecouplehadbeenlookingforwardtoandpreparingforthisspringplantingforalongtime Butnowthatthedayhadfinallyarrived strangely theyfeltsomehowabitsad Para4Martinfelloverabasketinthehalf darknessofthebarn hesworeandsaidthatamanwouldbebetteroffdeadthan bebetteroff doingsth bewiser todosthspecified inamorefavorablepositionorfinancialcircumstances Thisphraseisthecomparativeformof welloff e g He dbebetteroffgoingtothepoliceaboutit Theywouldbebetteroffflyingthandrivingthere Q Whatishegoingtosayafter than tohavetogetupatsuchanearlyhourandbegintheday stoil probablyfortherestofhislife letusnotbeginthisdaycrosswithoneanother becross withsb aboutsth beratherangryorirritated annoyed ill temperede g Iwascrosswithhimforbeinglate Andsomehow astheyembraced alltheirirritationandsleepinessleftthem AndtheystoodthereembracinguntilatlastMartinpushedherfromhimwithpretendedroughnessandsaid Come come girl itwillbesunsetbeforewebeginatthisrate atthisrate atthisspeedP However alloftheunhappinessanddrowsinessmeltawaywiththeirhug Theyremainedineachother sarmsuntilfinallyMartinpushedheraway withpretendedroughness otherwisetheywouldnotbeabletogetanythingdoneinthewholeday Para5Still astheywalkedsilentlyintheirrawhideshoesthroughthelittlehamlet therewasnotasoulabout hamlet asmallvillagesoul hereitmeansaperson notthespiritualpartofapersonthatsomebelievetocontinuetoexistaftertheydie P Whentheywalkedsilentlythroughthesmallvillage theysawnotasinglepersonaround Andtheybothlookedbackatthelittleclusterofcabinsthatwasthecenteroftheirworld withthrobbinghearts Forthejoyofspringhadnowtakencompleteholdofthem Clustera numberofthingsofthesamekindgrowingcloselytogetherb numberofpeople animalsorthingsgroupedcloselytogetherE g ivygrowinginthickclustersaclusterof numberofpeople animalsorthingsgroupedcloselytogetheraclusterofcabins agroupofwoodenhousesveryclosetogethereg aclusterofhouses spectators bees islands etcReporterswereclusteredroundthePrimeMinister V Throbbingtobeatrapidlyorviolently astheheartpoundsb astronglowcontinuousbeatExamples Myheartwasthrobbingwithexcitement thethrobofmachinery机器的振动 totakecompleteholdof togaincompletecontrolorinfluenceoversb tohavegreatpoweroversb tooverpowersbe g Shefeltastrangeexcitementtakingholdofher P Bothofthemlookedbacktowardstheirsmallvillage whichwasthemostimportantplaceTheirheartswerequiveringwithexcitementatthatmoment forthecomingofspringhadalreadyfilledtheirheartswithpleasure Para6Itwasalittletriangularpatchofgroundunderanivy coveredlimestonehill ivy coveredadj noun pastparticiple snow coveredwind blownflood strickenweather beatenhen peckeddog tiredstudent centered 被雪覆盖的被风吹的受灾的 因风吹日晒 粗糙的 受损的怕老婆的 惧内的极度疲乏的 累极了以学生为中心的 Para10 Now inthenameofGod hecried inthenameofGod usedtoaddforcetodeterminationInthenameof 1 onbehalfofsb sthe g IgreetyouinthenameofthePresident 2 bytheauthorityofsth凭借某事物的权威e g Iarrestyouinthenameofthelaw 3 callingsb sthtowitness以 作证E g InGod sname whatareyoudoing 4 forthesakeofsth为某事物的缘故e g Theydiditallinthenameoffriendship Para11Herfingersoutsideherwoolenmittenswerenumbwith woolenadj suffix en madeof lookinglike brazenearthengoldenleadenwooden 黄铜制的 坚硬的土制的 地球上的金制的 金色的铅制的 沉闷的木制的 呆笨的 whitenv suffix en tomakeorbecome darkenfastenheightenlengthenmoistensharpenstrengthenweakenworsen 变黑暗装牢 系紧增高 增强 使 变长使湿润 使 锐利 使 敏锐加强 使 坚固使弱 使稀薄 使 恶化 使 变坏 numba a ofapartofthebody unabletofeelanything usuallyforashorttimeb notabletofeelanyemotionsorthinkcheerfullybecauseyouaresoshockedorfrightened Examples Ihadbeenlyingawkwardlyandmyleghadgonenumb Myfingersweresocoldthattheyfeltnumb Eversincehisgirlfriendlefthimhehasfeltnumb Para12Supposeanybodysawuslikethisinthefieldofourspringsowing whatwouldtheytakeusforbutapairofuseless soft empty headedpeoplethatwouldbesuretodieofhunger totakefor toregardaseg Doyoutakemeforatool Don ttakeoursilenceforapproval soft weakordelicate notstrongorvigorous esp notabletoendurehardship asbecauseofeasylivingempty headed stupid sillyandignorant lackingsenseordiscretionP Ifpeopleshouldseeuslikethis withyourarmroundmywaist whatwouldtheythinkofus Theyweresuretotakeusforapairofgood for nothings peoplewhoareunabletoendurehardshipandfoolishand therefore weresuretodieofhunger Hiseyeshadawild eagerlightinthemasifsomeprimevalimpulsewereburningwithinhisbrainanddrivingouteveryotherdesirebutthatofassertinghismanhoodandofsubjugatingtheearth primeval belongingtothefirstorearliestageorages primitive ancientbut except withtheexceptionof saveeg Hedidn tspeakanythingbutEnglish toassertone smanhood tostatestronglyorbehaveinsuchawayastoshowthatyouarealreadyafullgrownman subjugate tobringundercontrol toconquer tosubduetosubjugatetheearth toconquertheearthandmakeitproducefoodP Hiseyesshoneandhisonlydesirenowwastoprovewhatastrongmanhewasandhowhecouldconquertheland Para13 buthedrewbackatthesametimeandgazeddistantlyattheground drawback withdraw retreate g IguessIlookedterrible becausemymotherdrewbackwhenshesawmyface gazedistantlyattheground tolookatthegroundasifshewerefarremovedfromthepresentsituation tobeabsorbedinthought heturnedupthefirstsodwithacrunchingsound turnup todigup Noticethat toturnup hereisnotanidiomaticphraseverb E g Turnuptheradioalittlebit Ican thear Idon tknowwhyshedidn tturnupatthemeetingtheotherday appear sod asectionofgrass coveredsurfacesoilheldtogetherwithmattedrootstocrunch tomakeacracklingsoundasifyouarechewingsthnoisily Marysighedandwalkedbackhurriedlytoherseedswithfurrowedbrows Furrowedbrows deepfrownsQ WhydidMarysigh Whydidshewalkbackhurriedlywithfurrowedbrows todriveoutthesuddenterrorthathadseizedheratthatmomentwhenshesawthefierce hardlookinherhusband seyesthatwereunconsciousofherpresence P shebegantoworkhard inordertogetridoftheterrorthatsuddenlyseizedherwhenshesawthatherhusbandhadsuddenlychangedfromthelovinghusbandsheknewintoafierce lookingfarmerwhodidnotseemtobeawarethathisbridewaswithhim Shebecamesuddenlyafraidofthatpitiless cruelearth thepeasant sslavemaster thatwouldkeepherchainedtohardworkandpovertyallherlifeuntilshewouldsinkagainintoitbosom pitiless withoutpity unfeeling cruel mercilesstobechainedto tobeboundto tohaveyourfreedomrestrainedbecauseofaresponsibilityyoucannotescapede g Womennowadaysrefusetobechainedtothekitchensink tosinkagainintoitsbosom todieandbeburiedintheearth toreturntotheearthP Shebecameafraidoftheearthbecauseitwasgoingtoforcehertoworklikeaslaveandforcehertostruggleagainstpovertyallherlifeuntilshediedandwasburiedinit Hershort livedlovewasgone Henceforthshewasonlyherhusband shelpertotilltheearth henceforth fromthistimeon fromnowontotilltheearth topreparelandforraisingcropsabyplowingandfertilizing tocultivateP Thelovetheyhadforeachotherdidnotlastlong Fromthenon shewasmerelyherhusband shelperandhadtoworksidebysidewithhim AndMartin absolutelywithoutthought workedfuriously furiously withgreatenergy fiercelyP Martinontheotherhandhadnotimetowasteonidlethoughts Hejustconcentratedonhisworkandworkedwithgreatenergy Para14 therewasasharpnessinthestillthinairthatmadethemenjumpontheirspadehaltsferociouslyandbeatthesodsasiftheywerelivingenemies halt thetoppartofthespadewhichyoupresswithyourfootferociously furiously fierelyP Thechillyandbitingairofearlyspringmadethepeasantsworkfiercelywiththeirspades beatingthesodsasiftheywereenemies Birdshoppedsilentlybeforethespades withtheirheadscockedsideway watchingforworms Madebravebyhunger theyoftendashedunderthespadestosecuretheirfood tococksideways totiltorturn saidoftheheadorear toonesidee g Hepausedandcockedhisheadasiflistening tosecure togetholdorpossessionof toobtainafteralotofeffort toacquiree g Withatremendouseffort shemanagedtosecureaticketforme Para17 Yes isn titlovely saidMary lookingattheblackridgeswistfully Yes isn titlovely Yes itislovelyindeed Noticethatthispatternisusedtoexpressagreement wistfully showingorexpressingmelancholyyearningsQ WhatdoyouthinkwasonMary smindatthatmoment Shewassadthatthiswasgoingtobeherlifefromnowon toilingandsweatingoverthelanduntilthedayshedied Butontheotherhandwhattheyhaddonethatdayalsomakeherproudandhopeful Thehurriedtriptothevillageandthetroubleofgettingtheteareadyhadrobbedherofherappetite robsbofsth todeprivesbofsthbelongingtothatpersonbyanunjustproceduree g Theaccidentrobbedhimofhishealth P Shewassotiredthatshelostherappetite Shehadtokeepblowingattheturffirewiththerimofherskirt andthesmokenearlyblindedher blowatthefire tosentoutacurrentofairtothefireturf peat asoftbrownsubstancelikeearththatisusedforburninginsteadofcoal especiallyinIreland adenseaccumulationofvegetablematterfoundinaswamp usedasfuelinsteadofcoalwhendried withthevalleyallroundglisteningwithfreshseaweed withalargecombgleaminginthemiddleofthepile para 1 Lightswereglimmeringinthewindows para 5 glisten toshineandlookwetoroilygleam shinesoftly发出柔和的光glimmer sendoutaweakunsteadylight发出微弱的闪光 Itoverpoweredthatotherfeelingofdreadthathadbeenwithherduringthemorning overpowera toovercomeorvanquishbysuperiorforce tosubdue压倒 征服 击败b toaffectsostronglyastomakehelplessorineffective tooverwhelm 感情等 压倒 使无法忍受 Examples Policeoverpoweredthecriminalandtookhimaway Thesmel