四级冲刺班听力讲义word版

四级听力考前冲刺课程讲义四级听力考前冲刺课程讲义 主讲 高媛主讲 高媛 听力考试内容简介听力考试内容简介 Section A 短对话 8 个 长对话 2 个 Section B 短文理解题 3 个 Section C 复合式听写 8 个 3 个 一 一 Section A 短对话讲解短对话讲解 一 正确答案特征 看选项原则 一 正确答案特征 看选项原则 1 绝对选项绝对不选绝对选项绝对不选 E g 1 Everyone uses only one form of communication 2 the more you listen to music the higher you test scores will be 2 反义 近义或形似选项中的一项是正确答案反义 近义或形似选项中的一项是正确答案 1 A Only true friendship can last long B Letter writing is going out of style C She keeps in regular touch with her classmates D She has lost contact with most of he old friends CD 为反义举例 2 A He is pleased with his exciting new job B He finds the huge workload unbearable C He finds his office much big for him D He is not so excited 兴奋的 about his new position 1 AD 为反义选项 3 A The man hates to lend his tools to other people B The man has not finished working on the bookshelf 书架 C The tools have already been returned to the woman D The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing CD 为关联选项 关于工具的两个状态 4 A The man has never seen the woman before B The two speakers work for the same company C The two speakers work for the same floor D The woman is interested in market research 研究 调 查 BC 为形似选项 5 A It was about a little animal B It took her six years to write C It was adapted from a fairy tale 神话传说 D It was about a little girl and her pet AD 为形似选项 3 四级词汇的代替选项是正确答案四级词汇的代替选项是正确答案 例如 book reserve 预订 二 听题原则 二 听题原则 1 转折原则 正确答案出现在转折词转折原则 正确答案出现在转折词 but 之后之后 but 之后的句子一定要听懂 之后的句子一定要听懂 2 光明原则光明原则 用在车祸或灾难题中 人受用在车祸或灾难题中 人受小伤 考点 小伤 考点 小 slight minor 伤 injury wound 3 受挫原则 野餐受挫原则 野餐 下雨 受挫才有考点 下雨 受挫才有考点 订房间订房间 客满 客满 full fully booked 买票买票 卖光 卖光 sell out 交通状况交通状况 堵车 堵车 traffic jam 2 三 短对话场景 三 短对话场景 1 学校场景学校场景 人 fresh man 新来的人 sophomore junior senior undergraduate 本科生 在校生 graduate 研究生 postgraduate 研究生 lecturer 讲师 professor 教授 dean 系主任 院长 专业 History Chemistry kem str Mathematics Architecture architect 建筑师 Literature Philosophy Psychology psychologist 课程分类 optional course 选修课 required course 必修课 day course evening course 作业 4 assignment 任务作业 paper 论文考卷报纸 essay 论文 presentation 小演讲 考试 middle exam mid term exam final exam oral test 口语考试 make up 补考 pop test 突袭考 随堂 考 成绩 3 score grade mark make up 原 弥补 引申 化妆 pop corn 例题 A He wishes to have more courses like it B He finds it hard to follow the teacher 跟不上老师 听不懂 C He wishes the teacher would talk more D He does not like the teacher s accent 口音 原文 W You took an optional course this semester didn t you How is it going M Terrible It seems like the more the professor talks the less I understand Q How did the man feel about the course 2 饭店场景饭店场景 restaurant place caf k fe eat out 下馆子 3 make a reservation 预定 book a table 预定位子 waiter waitress menu order 点菜 appetizer 开胃菜 p ta z main course 主菜 dessert 甜点 knife 刀 fork 叉子 spoon 汤勺 chopsticks 筷子 check the bill 买单 change 找零 charge 费用 指控 treat n v 招待 款待 it s my treat this time 这次我请客 例题一 A They are both anxious 焦虑的 to try Italian food 对什么渴望 B They are likely to have dinner together 可能 C The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight D The woman refused to have dinner with the man 原文 M Mary would you join me for dinner tonight W You treated me lasted week Now it s my turn Shall we try something Italian Q What do we learn from the passage 例题二 A Looking for 找 查询 a timetable B Buying some furniture C Reserving a table 预定位子 D Window shopping 只看不买的购物 隔着玻璃看的购物 原文 M Have you a table for four W Certainly Sir A corner table or would you rather 还是偏爱 be near the window Q What is the man doing 3 工作场景工作场景 apply for a job resume 简历 letter of application 申请信 简历申请信 对应找工作 interview interviewer interviewee offer 聘用信 work overtime 加班 complain ask for a raise 加薪 4 fire 解雇 resign from a position 辞职 promotion 升职 laid off lay off 下岗 retirement 退休 钱 wage 日薪 salary 月薪 年薪 allowance 津贴 生活费 bonus 奖金 annual income 年收入 假期 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 paid vacation 带薪假 break 短 休 例题一 A He wants to get a new position 工作 B He is asking the woman for help C He has left the woman a good impression 印象 D He enjoys letter writing 写信 原文 M I spent so much time polishing 抛光擦亮 修改 my letter of application W It s worthwhile to make the effort You know how important it is to give a good impression 简历申请信对应找工作 Q What do we learn from the passage 例题二 A He is rather 相当地 disappointed 失望的沮丧的 B He is highly ambitious 很大的雄心抱负 C He can not face up to the situation 正视面对这样的情况 D He knows his own limitation 局限限制 知道自己的不足 原文 W Aren t you disappointed that you didn t get the promotion M Maybe a little but I know I need more experience 经验 before I m ready for that kind of responsibility 责任 准备付起这样的责任之前 Q What do we know about the man from the conversation 4 飞机场场景飞机场场景 book reserve destination 目的地 timetable 时刻表 flight 航班 5 one way ticket 单程票 round trip ticket 往返票 first class business class economy class direct flight non stop flight 直航 transfer exchange check in 检票 boarding card 登机牌 luggage counter 行李柜台 security check 安检 take off 起飞 departure air hostess 空姐 safety belt 安全带 landing 着陆 pick up 接机 hold up 支 撑 耽搁 end up with 以 结束 put up with 容忍 tolerate delay postpone 晚点 cancel 取消 例题 A The man went to a wrong check in counter B The man has just missed 错过 his flight 航班 C The plane will leave 起飞 at 9 14 D The plane s departure 起飞 time remains 依然 unknown 原文 M Is this the check in counter for flight 914 to Los Angles W Yes But I m sorry the flight is delayed because of a minor mechanical problem Please wait for further notice Q What do we learn from the passage 5 场景补充场景补充 医疗场景医疗场景 病 cold fever flu headache toothache sore throat stomachache heart attack twisted ankle 扭脚 high blood pressure bl d 地点 clinic 诊所 Emergency Room 急诊室 Waiting Room 候诊室 人 patient client physician surgeon psychologist 科室 surgeon 外科 dentist 牙科 药 pill 药丸 tablet 药片 liquid 液体状的药 powder 粉末状的药 mixture 混 合剂 injection 注射 operation 手术 6 make an appointment 预约人 与 make a reservation 物区别 annual check up 体检 住房场景 住房场景 apartment 公寓 for rent 往外租 to rent 自己要租房 shop to let 有店要出租 suburb 效区 downtown 市中心 rural 效区的 urban 市里的 furnished 配备家具的 blackout 断电 leak 漏 landlord 房东 landlady 二 二 Section A 长对话讲解长对话讲解 答句很重要 答句很重要 一 顺序原则 一 顺序原则 第一题第一题 前三四句前三四句 前 7 句 极限 二 逻辑很重要 二 逻辑很重要 这样的句子要重点听 二三条 1 比较逻辑比较逻辑 同等比较逻辑同等比较逻辑 as as the same as 不同等比较逻辑不同等比较逻辑 prefer A to B 更喜欢 A 而不是 B rather than B 而不是 B 2 转折逻辑转折逻辑 but however although despite 尽管 d spa t 3 因果逻辑因果逻辑 because since 由于既然 as so due to 由于 thanks to 多亏幸 亏 三 强调处很重要 三 强调处很重要 A result in B 结果是 B B result from A 由于 A 1 高频词高频词 反复听到的词 短小选项听高频词 短小选项听高频词 一定要符合顺序原则一定要符合顺序原则 2 排比句排比句 短小选项短小选项 选项单词量三个左右 选项里的关键词是同一类 词 3 强调词强调词 表唯一表唯一 only 唯一的 unique ju ni k j nik 独一无二的 perfect 完美的 最高级最高级 most best 4 数字数字 比如时间 5 语气词 语气词 well well 一般表示否定 oh 一般表示惊讶 没有想到 例题一 看选项 看选项 1 是不是短小选项或形似选项或近义反义选项或总结四个选项是不是短小选项或形似选项或近义反义选项或总结四个选项 7 共同在说什么事共同在说什么事 2 根据逻辑选项之间推答案根据逻辑选项之间推答案 3 两个选项是包含关系选大范围的 两个选项是包含关系选大范围的 1 A She is worried about the seminar sem n 研讨会 B The man keeps interrupting her 持续做某事 一直在打扰她 姐被打扰 C She finds it too hard 从选项看出都在体现女人负面的状态 D She lacks interest in it 第一题重点前三句要听姐是那种负面情绪 2 A The lecturers are boring 讲师 B The course is poorly designed 设计的差 C She prefers Philosophy to English D She enjoys Literature more 文学 推出听女人 CD 相似选项关键词学科 3 A Karen s friend B Karen s parents 短小选项听高频词 由于第三题 C Karen s lecturers 要听原文中下部反复提到的词 D Karen herself 4 A Changing her major 主修专业 B Spending less of her parent s money C Getting transferred 转 to the English Department 系 AC 相似选项 D Leaving the university 听提没提换专业 还是换英语专业 原文 M Hey Karen you are not really reading it are you W Pardon M The book you haven t turned the page in the last ten minutes W No Jim I suppose I haven t I need to get through it though but I keep drifting away 慢慢散去 走神了 通过 完成 M So it doesn t hold your interesting W No not really 完全没有 问 有没有 没有 吗 都是回答 yes 有 no 没 有 不用管是不是反义疑问句 W Yeah in a way But the course itself isn t really that bad A lot of it is pretty good 8 in fact and lectures are fine It s me I suppose I wanted to do Philosophy rather than English W oh they had my best interests at heart of course my parents They always do don t they They believe that my job prospects would have been pretty limited with a degree in Philosophy Plus they give me a really generous allowance But I am beginning to feel that I m wasting my time and their money They would be so disappointed 失望的 沮丧的 though if 如果 I told them I was quitting 放弃 例题二 quite game up 1 A It was about a little animal B It took her six years to write 花了六年的时间去写 C It was adapted from a fairy tale 改编自 仙女传说 神话 四个选项主语书 D It was about a little girl and her pet AD 形似关键词动物女孩 听是哪个 2 A She knows how to write best selling novels 第一题的书是一本小说 B She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults C She is able to win enough support from publishers 赢得足够的支持从出版商 D She can make a living by doing what she likes 谋生 3 A The characters 考点是姐能干什么 是一个表能力的动作 B Her ideas 听的目标是姐能干什么听原文中上部分 能 字后的句子 C The readers D Her life experiences 经历 短小选项听中下部高频词 4 A She doesn t really know where they originated 起源来源 选项两个主语 B She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints 利用 古代圣人 C They popped out of her childhood dreams 产生 来自于 D They grew out of her long hours of thinking 生成与 来自于 原文 考灵感的来源 M Hi Miss Rowling how old were you when you started to write And what was your first book W I wrote my first Finnish finished story when I was about six It was about a small animal a rabbit I mean And I ve been writing ever since 9 W If someone asked me how to achieve happiness Step one would be finding out what you love doing most Step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing W The ideas come first So it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next M where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from W I ve no ideas where the ideas came from 三 三 Section B 短文理解短文理解 在文体上 短文理解分为记叙文和说明文 一 记叙文 一 记叙文 1 选项特点选项特点 用来判断是不是记叙文 1 选项句子结构完整句子结构完整 2 选项句子的主语通常是主语通常是 he she the man the woman 3 选项句子中通常含有时间地点和人物名通常含有时间地点和人物名 2 原则原则 通过选项特点判断是继续文后用记叙文听题原则去解题 1 听即所得听即所得 90 第一题听到什么选什么 2 顺序原则顺序原则 3 转折原则 转折原则 but however although despite 4 因果原则因果原则 because since as so due to thanks to 5 主旨原则主旨原则 三句话首二尾一三句话首二尾一 例题 先总结每道题各选项共同在说什么事先总结每道题各选项共同在说什么事 找到要听的关键词找到要听的关键词 再有目的地听再有目的地听 1 A He suffered from mental illness 遭受 前七句话 就听男人 B He bought The washington post 这个报社 C He turned a failing newspaper into a success D He was once 一旦曾经 a reporter 记者 for a major newspaper 报纸 报社 2 A She was the first woman to lead a big U S publishing company 出版公司 B She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago C She committed suicide 自杀 because of her mental disorder 混乱 精神病 10 D She took over 接管 her father s position when he died 听女人干了什么 3 A People came to 想起共计 see the role of women in the business world 这题要 翻 B Katharine played a major part in 扮演角色 reshaping 重塑Americans mind观念 C American media 媒体 would be quite different without Katharine D Katharine had exerted 运用发挥 an important influence on the world 原文 都在讲 K 的伟大贡献 K 的作用 重点是考在哪一方面的作用 Katharine Graham graduated from the University of Chicago in 1938 and got a job as a news reporter in San Francisco Katharine s father used to be a successful investment banker In 1933 he bought a failing newspaper The Washington Post In the 1970s the newspaper became famous around the world And Katharine was also recognized as an important leader in newspaper publishing She was the first woman to head a major American publishing company The Washington Post Company In a few years 要同义替换 Her friends said she would be remembered as a woman who had an important influence on events in the United Stated and the world Katharine Graham once wrote The world without newspapers would not be the same king of world After her death the employees of The Washington Post wrote The world without Katharine will not be the same at all 二 说明文 二 说明文 相比于前两种长段子说明文相比于前两种长段子说明文转折因果转折因果很重要很重要 1 选项特征 选项特征 1 选项句子结构不完整 选项句子结构不完整 2 选项句子的主语一般是 选项句子的主语一般是 it they 他俩开头一般考的是特点 他俩开头一般考的是特点 3 选项通常是以 选项通常是以 to by as 为开始为开始 表表 目的目的 方式方式 原因原因 2 原则 原则 1 听即所得 听即所得 比记叙文更符合比记叙文更符合 2 顺序原则 顺序原则 大部分说明文大部分说明文最后一道题答案来源于最后一句话最后一道题答案来源于最后一句话 11 3 转折原则 转折原则 but however although despite 4 因果原则 因果原则 because since as so due to thanks to 5 主旨原则 首三尾二 主旨原则 首三尾二 例题一 说明文翻译意义不大说明文翻译意义不大 1 不好翻不好翻 2 翻完找不到共同话题翻完找不到共同话题 再讲谁讲什么再讲谁讲什么 所以第一题不用翻 第二题长得整齐划词 不整齐翻译下看关键词 所以第一题不用翻 第二题长得整齐划词 不整齐翻译下看关键词 翻不出来找共同结构 最后一道题答案大部分来源于最后一句话 翻不出来找共同结构 最后一道题答案大部分来源于最后一句话 1 A To protect 保护 persons and property 听即所得 四个 To do sth B To collect taxes 目的是为了收税 听 to do 什么就选什么 C To teach and train citizens 培训 公民 D To save natural resources for future use 2 A By selling 出售 services that make life comfortable 通过 BC 近义选项 B By selling land containing oil 包含 C By selling public lands D By selling coal and other natural products 产品商品 煤 自然资源 长相整齐的选项不用翻长相整齐的选项不用翻 因为能直接找到关键词 因为能直接找到关键词 D 中只要中只要 coal 一个词做关键一个词做关键 词 因为能与其他项构成不同就行 词 因为能与其他项构成不同就行 3 A Environmental pollution and protection 四个选项都是名词性结构四个选项都是名词性结构 n n B Taxes and services for the public 那么这个题一定是主旨题那么这个题一定是主旨题 C Police efforts to protect people 即段落大意 这个段子讲了什么 D People s attitude toward taxes 首三尾二 原文 We use all sort of services without thinking how we get them But such services cost money We pay for them through taxes What would happen if everyone in a city stopped paying taxes The water supply would stop There would be no police force to protect people and property Years ago the government made money from the sale 出售 of public lands But most of the best public lands has now been sold The money raised was used to help pay he cost of government There are still some public lands that contain oil coal gas 12 and other natural products They could be sold but we want to save them for future years So we all must pay our share 分享份额 for the services that make our lives comfortable 例题二 当碰到选项不会翻或没时间翻 一定要画出关键词 当碰到选项不会翻或没时间翻 一定要画出关键词 1 A it can be cooked in many ways 无论用多少种方式我只要知道他是在讲烹调 B It is delicious but inexpensive Delicious 已经可以和其它选项构成不同 画一个就可以了 C It gives higher yields 产量 than other grain crops 谷粒 农作物 D It grows easily in various conditions 要把修饰词画上要把修饰词画上否侧你不知道是 high or low 2 A Fried potatoes 炸薯条 B Tomato juice 短小选项听高频 C Sweet corn Yield 产量屈服放弃 yard field D Chocolate beans Wealth health weald 旷野 3 A They led to the discovery of America 原型 lead to 导致 导致了美洲的发现 B They made native American foods popular 本土的 C They brought great wealth to Spain bring 带来巨大财富 bought buy D They made native American life styles well known 生活方式众所周知 原文 Columbus didn t know it But the corn was much more valuable than gold Farmers from Europe to Asia accepted it immediately They grew it on cold mountainsides 山坡 and in tropical forest 热带雨林 Today it feeds millions of people all over the world On his second trip Columbus brought back a few chocolate beans to make chocolate Europeans and Asians love this new drink and soon they were paying a great deal of money for the beans Chocolate beans became so valuable in Central America that they were used as cash for 200 years Tomatoes and potatoes took some time to become popular Eventually however they became the basis of a lot of popular foods It is hard to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate Thanks to native American cultures many people are able to enjoy lots of tasty food 13 例题三 1 A They are interested in other kinds of reading B They are active in voluntary services C They tend to be low in education and in income D They live in isolated areas 孤立的 2 A The reasons why people don t read newspapers are more complicated than assumed 复杂的 假想 找共同结构找共同结构 ABDmore than 中间词很重要中间词很重要 B There are more uneducated people among the wealthy than originally expected 起初 期望的 有钱人 C The number of newspaper readers is steadily increasing 稳定的稳固的 D There are more nonreaders among young people nowadays 3 A Lowering the prices of their newspapers 长得都是 doing sth 要听 sth B Shortening their news stories 动词和名词 关键词最好画名词 动词和名词 关键词最好画名词 C Adding variety to their newspaper content 动词形式多而且容易同义替换 D Including more advertisements in their newspapers 原文 People who don t read newspaper are sometimes referred to as 被称作 non readers Early research has shown that the non readers are generally low in education low in income either very young or very old In addition non readers are more likely to live in rural areas and have less contact with neighbors and friends Recent surveys however have indicated the portrait 肖像 描写 of the non reader is more complicated than first thought There appears to be a group of non readers that do not fit the type mentioned above Editors and publishers are attempting to win them back First they are also adding news briefs 简洁的 摘要 and comprehensive indexes 指示索引 This will help overcome 克服 the time problem And they are also giving variety to newspaper content to help build the reader s interest 例题四 1 A For people to share ideas and show farm products 14 B For officials 官员 to educate the farmi