新概念英语第二册笔记-第88课

精品文档 1欢迎下载 LessonLesson 8 88 8 TrappedTrapped inin a a minemine 困在矿井里困在矿井里 Text Text Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives However rescue operations are proving difficult If explosives are used vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil they would have completed the job in a few hours As it is they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go Meanwhile a microphone which was lowered into the mine two hours ago has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives Though they are running out of food and drink the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock they would lose heart 课文翻译课文翻译 6 个人被困在矿井里已有 17 个小时了 如果不把 他们尽快救到地面上来 他们就有可能丧生 然而 事实 证明营救工作非常困难 如果用炸药爆破 震动会引起矿顶塌落 因此 营救人员在矿井的北侧钻了一个洞 他们准备用一种特制的容器把这 6 个人救上来 如果不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石 他们的营救工作 仅用几个小时就可以完成了 实际情况是 他们已连 续钻了 16 个小时了 但离钻透还早着呢 与此同时 两个小时以前放下井去的一只麦克风使井下的人可以与其亲属保持联系 虽然他们的食物和饮料都快消耗尽 了 但这些人的心情很好 坚信他们很快就会出去 他们一直被告知营救工作进行得非常顺利 如果他们知 道了钻透那坚硬的岩石有多么困难 他们会丧失信心的 NewNew wordswords andand expressionsexpressions 生词和短语生词和短语 trap v 陷入 使陷于困境 surface n 地面 表面 explosive n 炸药 vibration n 震动 collapse v 坍塌 drill v 钻孔 capsule n 容器 layer n 层 层次 beneath prep 在 之下 lower v 放下 降低 progress v 进展 进行 smoothly adv 顺利地 精品文档 2欢迎下载 生词讲解生词讲解 1 1 traptrap 1 v 陷入 使陷于困境 eg He was trapped in the game preserve 他被困在禁猎区 in the game preserve 在禁猎区 eg Help I m trapped Open the door 救命啊 我出不来了 开门 eg They were trapped in the burning hotel 他们被困在着火的旅馆里 2 v 将 某人 诱入圈套 诱骗 某人 trap sb into doing 诱使某人做某事 eg They trapped her into marring him 他们又骗她嫁给了他 eg I was trapped into telling the police all I knew 我中计了 把所有知道的一切全告诉了警察 精品文档 3欢迎下载 3 n 捕鸟 兽等用的 圈套 陷阱 a bear caught in a trap 熊陷入陷阱 set a trap for mouse set a mousetrap 设 陷阱 张 罗网 扬 帆 钩住 4 n 诡计 圈套 策略 eg He fell into a trap 他掉进了陷阱 2 2 surfacesurface 1 n 地面 表面 a smooth surface 光滑的表面 2 n 外表 外观 look only at the surface of things 只看事情的表面 on the surface 表面上的 外观上的 friendship on the surface 表面上的友谊 eg You looked satisfied on the surface then 那个时候你看起来表面上很满足 3 adj 外表的 surface differences 表面上的差异 surface kindness 表面上的好心 短语 surface mail 陆 水 路邮件 普通邮件 相反的 airmail 精品文档 4欢迎下载 send a letter by surface mail 寄普通邮件 3 3 explosiveexplosive 1 n 炸药 high explosive 强力炸药 2 adj 爆发的 爆发性的 an explosive substance 爆炸物 explosionexplosion n n 1 爆发 爆裂 爆炸声 a gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸 2 爆发 an explosion of laughter 爆发出笑声 explodeexplode v v 1 炸药 煤气等 爆炸事件 eg The heat exploded the corked bottle 热气使塞住的瓶子爆炸了 2 因生气 笑等 使 感情 爆发 感情 爆发 eg He exploded in anger 勃然大怒 eg His jealousy exploded when she kissed another boy 看她吻了另一个男孩 他醋劲大发 jealousy d el si n 妒忌 猜忌 精品文档 5欢迎下载 4 4 vibrationvibration n n 震动震动 the vibration of the traffic 车辆来往产生的振动 vibrate 1 v 振动 摇动 eg His shoulders vibrated with anger 他气到双肩颤动 2 v 受 而感动 心 颤动 惊动 eg My heart vibrated to the soulful painting 那张充满感情的画感动了我的心灵 5 5 collapsecollapse 1 v 坍塌 瓦解 崩溃 eg The roof collapsed under the weight of snow 雪把房顶压塌了 eg The heavy flood collapsed the bridge 大洪水使桥梁倒塌了 2 v 计划 事业等 垮掉 挫败 eg Our project collapsed because of shortage of funds 因为资金短缺 我们的计划挫败 精品文档 6欢迎下载 3 v 折迭 可折迭 eg This table collapses so I can store it easily 这种桌子可以折迭 不用时很容易收藏 collapse a tent 把帐篷折迭起来 6 6 drilldrill 1 v 钻孔 drill a hole in the wall 在墙上钻个洞 drill a tooth 钻牙齿 2 v 训练 某人 反复练习 接受训练 drill troops 练兵 drill in English pronunciation 英语发音练习 3 n 锥子 钻孔机 an electric drill 电钻 make a hole with a drill 用钻打洞 4 n 训练 演练 演习 a fire drill 消防演习 drill in English words 英文单字反复练习 7 7 capsulecapsule n n 容器 胶囊容器 胶囊 eg He swallowed two capsules at a time 他一下吃了两粒胶囊 medicinemedicine 精品文档 7欢迎下载 pill pil 药丸 powder paud 药粉 tablet t blit 药片 capsule k psju l 胶囊 8 8 layerlayer 1 n 层 一层 a layer of clay 一层泥 clay klei n 粘土 泥土 a cake with two layers 两层蛋 2 置放者 砌 的人 通常构成复合词 a bricklayer 泥瓦匠 3 下蛋的鸡 a good layer 常下蛋的鸡 a bad layer 不常下蛋的鸡 9 9 beneathbeneath 1 prep 在 之下 可用已表示接触或未接触时 稍为严谨的表达法 一般多用 under eg Let s take a rest beneath the tree 让我们在树下休息 eg The ground beneath my feet was soft 我脚下的土地松软 2 地位 价值 较 差的 较 不值的的 eg His work is beneath contempt 精品文档 8欢迎下载 他的行为使人不屑一顾 eg Such words are beneath you 说这些话有些失你身份 10 10 lowerlower 1 v 放低 高度 位置 降低 eg She lowered her eyes 他垂下眼睛 lower a flag 降旗 lower the sails 降帆 lower the water in the canal 降低运河中的水位 2 v 降低 价格 数量 程度 声音等 lower the rent of a house 降低房租 lower one s voice 压低声音 the Lower House 两院治的 下议院 the House of Representatives 美 众议院 the House of Commons 英 下议院 the Upper House 上议院 11 11 progressprogress 1 pr gres v 进展 进行 eg We are now progressing steadily with our work 精品文档 9欢迎下载 我们现在工作进展顺利 2 v 进步 上进 eg You have progressed quickly in mathematics 你在数学上进步迅速 1 n pr ugres 前进 进行 make swift progress toward the destination 朝目的地迅速前进 make slow progress toward the destination 朝目的地缓慢前进 2 n 进步 the progress of medicine 医药的进步 12 12 smoothlysmoothly adv adv 顺利地 平滑地顺利地 平滑地 go smoothly 进展顺利 eg The escalator didn t operate smoothly 自动扶梯没有顺利运作 escalator esk leit n 自动扶梯 operate p reit vi 运转 动手术 起作用 vt 操作 经营 smoothsmooth 1 adj 平滑的 顺利的 反义词 rough a smooth skin 光滑的皮肤 a smooth road 顺畅的道路 eg His efforts made the smooth passage of the bill possible 他的努力使该法案得以顺利通过 2 adj 口齿伶俐的 a smooth talker 一个能说会道的人 精品文档 10欢迎下载 3 adj 温和的 eg He is smooth in his manners 他举止彬彬有礼 4 v 使平滑 坦 smooth out a tablecloth 铺平桌布 eg Don t forget to smooth down the board before you paint it 在刷油漆之前别忘了把木料打磨光滑 课文讲解课文讲解 1 1 SixSix menmen havehave beenbeen trappedtrapped inin a a minemine forfor seventeenseventeen hours hours be trapped in a mine 被困在矿井 2 mine 矿井 巷道 水雷 a a minemine ofof informationinformation about onabout on sb sthsb sth 知识的宝库 信息的源泉知识的宝库 信息的源泉 eg My grandmother is a mine of information about our family s history 我的祖母是我们家史的资料库 a gold mine 金矿 work in a mine 在矿场工作 2 2 IfIf theythey areare notnot broughtbrought toto thethe surfacesurface soonsoon theythey maymay loselose theirtheir lives lives be brought to the surface 救到地面上来 lose one s life 丧生 save one s life 救命 3 3 However However rescuerescue operationsoperations areare provingproving difficult difficult 精品文档 11欢迎下载 rescue 1 v 从危险等 救出 rescue from eg They rescued a boy from drowning 救了那个落水男孩 eg The firemen rescued a baby from the brining house 消防队员从着火的房屋里救出一名婴儿 2 n 救助 go to one s rescue 去营救某人 prove v 证明 显示出 prove adj eg It proves difficult prove to be eg It proves to be dfifficult prove that eg It proves that it is difficult 这证明 它是困难的 4 4 IfIf explosivesexplosives areare used used vibrationsvibrations willwill causecause thethe roofroof ofof thethe minemine toto collapse collapse 真实条件句 主将从现 详情请见 Special Difficulty 5 5 RescueRescue workersworkers areare thereforetherefore drillingdrilling a a holehole onon thethe northnorth sideside ofof thethe mine mine on the north side of the mine 在矿井北侧 on both sides of the street 在街道两边 on the other side of the square 在广场的另一侧 therefore 表示 因此 所以 等 它是副词 所以它既可以独立使用 也可以位于动词或形容词前 精品文档 12欢迎下载 so 表示 因此 所以 时通常是连词 eg The new flat is larger and therefore more expensive 这套新房子 比原先的 要大些 因此比较贵 eg His parents gave him some money and he was therefore able to buy a car 他的父母给了他一些钱 所以他能买得起一辆车 eg His parents gave him some money therefore he was able to buy a car 译文同上 therefore 前后都可以有逗号 so 后面通常不用逗号 We arrived early so we got good seats 我到得早 因此我们找到了好座位 so 表示 所以 因此 时不放在动词前 6 They6 They intendintend toto bringbring thethe menmen upup inin a a specialspecial capsule capsule intend to do 打算做某事 intend sb to do 打算让某人做某事 eg He intends to study abroad next year 他打算明年到国外留学 eg He intends his son to manage the company 他打算让他儿子经营该公司 bring up 1 养育 培育 教育 eg She s brought up three children 她一个人养大了三个孩子 a well brought up child 有教养的孩子 a badly brought up child 没有教养的孩子 2 提出话题 精品文档 13欢迎下载 eg His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting 他在会议上提出新的建议 7 7 IfIf therethere hadhad notnot beenbeen a a hardhard layerlayer ofof rockrock beneathbeneath thethe soil soil theythey wouldwould havehave completedcompleted thethe jobjob inin a a fewfew hours hours 非真实条件句 虚拟语气 详情请见 Special Difficulty 8 8 AsAs itit is is theythey havehave beenbeen drillingdrilling forfor sixteensixteen hourshours andand theythey stillstill havehave a a longlong wayway toto go go as it is 实际上 in fact as a matter of fact 实际上 其实 eg I thought they would help us As it was they just sat there and looked on 我以为他们会帮助我们 实际上他们却只是坐着旁观 eg I promised to return the books yesterday As it is I won t be able to do so until next Monday 我答应昨天还书的 但事实上我要到下星期一才能还 a long way to go 本文中 离钻透还早着呢 You still have a long way to go if you wanna marry Susan three months to go 还有三个月 9 9 Meanwhile Meanwhile a a microphone microphone whichwhich waswas loweredlowered intointo thethe minemine twotwo hourshours ago ago hashas enabledenabled thethe menmen toto keepkeep inin touchtouch withwith theirtheir closestclosest relatives relatives enable sb to do 使某人做 eg The new contact enables us to demand whatever we want 精品文档 14欢迎下载 新的通讯方式能让我们得到想要的任何东西 keep in touch with 与 保持联系 eg He still keeps in touch with his old friends 他依然与他的老朋友保持联系 out of touch 失去联系 eg I m out of touch with economic conditions now 我不了解现阶段的经济状况 a near touch a close call 千钧一发 closest relatives immediate relatives 直系亲属 10 10 ThoughThough theythey areare runningrunning outout ofof foodfood andand drink drink thethe menmen areare cheerfulcheerful andand confidentconfident thatthat theythey willwill getget outout soon soon run out of 耗尽 use up runrun afterafter chasechase eg A crowed of boys ran after the beggar 一群男孩追赶着乞丐 runrun overover 撞倒撞倒 eg That boy was nearly run over by a car The car nearly hit him 小男孩差一点儿被汽车轧了 runrun inin 新汽车的发动机的 新汽车的发动机的 磨合运转 磨合试车磨合运转 磨合试车 eg Don t drive so fast This car hasn t been run in yet The car must be driven slowly so as not to damage the new engine 精品文档 15欢迎下载 别开得这么快这辆车还没有试车 runrun intointo 偶遇偶遇 runrun acrossacross meetmeet withwith comecome acrossacross meetmeet byby chancechance meetmeet byby accidentaccident eg I ran into Helga while I was in Sweden 我在瑞典时偶遇 Helga cheerfulcheerful 兴高采烈的 精神振奋的兴高采烈的 精神振奋的 eg You are very cheerful today 你今天很快活 confident in doing sth 有信心做 confident of sth 确信 11 11 TheyThey havehave beenbeen toldtold thatthat rescuerescue operationsoperations areare progressingprogressing smoothly smoothly IfIf theythey knewknew howhow difficultdifficult itit waswas toto drilldrill throughthrough thethe hardhard rock rock theythey wouldwould loselose heart heart 非真实条件句 drill through 钻透 lose heart 失望 lose one s nerve eg The teacher told her students not to lose heart even if they didn t pass the exam 那个老师告诉她的学生即使他们没通过考试也不要灰心 lose one s heart 丧失某人信心 关键词组摘录关键词组摘录 1 be trapped in 2 lose one s life 3 prove difficult 7 bring sb up 8 a long way to go 9 enable sb to do sth 10 keep in touch 11 run out of 12 lose heart 精品文档 16欢迎下载 4 drill a hole 5 on the north side of 6 intend to do sth Key Key structuresstructures rainsB will rain rains C will rain will rain 3 We will have no water to drink we don t protect the earth 2010 上海 A untilB beforeC thoughD if 巩固练习巩固练习 单项选择单项选择 1 We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow A come B comes C will come D is coming 2 Do you know if he to play basketball with us I think he will come if he free tomorrow A comes is B comes will be C will come is D will come will be 3 You will keep healthy you do more exercise such as running and swimming A if B how C before D where 根据汉语意思完成下列句子 每空一词 根据汉语意思完成下列句子 每空一词 4 如果明天不下雨的话 我们将去动物园 We will go to the zoo tomorrow 5 如果你完成了作业 我们就去下象棋 let s go to play chess 6 如果人人都能保护环境 世界将会变得更美好 精品文档 18欢迎下载 If everyone protects the environment the world 二 非真实条件句二 非真实条件句 也叫虚拟条件句 表示与现实情况相反的假设情况 主句和从句中的谓语动词都需要使用虚 拟语气 在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时 谓语动词有三种形式 其具体形式如下 时间概念 条件从句中的谓语动词 主句中的谓语动词 与现在事实相反 did were would could should might do 与过去事实相反 had done been would could should might have done 与将来事实相反 did were would could should might do should do were to do 注意 1 上述主句的谓语中 would 表示结果 might 表示可能性 could 表示能力 允许或可能性 should 主要用 第一人称后 2 条件从句的谓语动词为 be 时 不管其主语是单数还是复数通常用 were 例如 If he were here now we could ask him about it 与现在事实相反 3 混合条件句 当条件状语从句表示的行为与主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时 动词的形式要根据它所表 示的时间做出相应的调整 例如 If he had followed the doctor s advice then he would be quite all right now 从句表示过去时间 主句表示现在时间 4 省 if 倒装的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were should 或 had 可将 if 省略 把 were should 或 had 移到从句主语前形成倒装 例如 HadHad I I seenseen himhim then then I I wouldwould havehave beenbeen veryvery happy happy 5 If it weren t for 和 If it hadn t been for 是两个很常用的虚拟语气句型 其意为 若不是 有 要不 是有 前者谈论现在的情况 后者谈论过去的情况 一 用动词的适当形式填空 一 用动词的适当形式填空 1 What will you do if it rain tomorrow We have to carry it on since we ve got everything ready 2 She told me that she would not go with me if it rain the next day 精品文档 19欢迎下载 3 If I be you I would plant some trees round the house 4 If I had been you then I not quarrel with him 5 If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955 the housing problems now in some parts of this country not be so serious 二 选择填空二 选择填空 1 John went to the hospital alone If he me about it I would have gone with him A should tell B tells C told D had told 2 If we the other road we might have arrived here in time for the meeting A take B had taken C took D have taken 3 If he my advice he wouldn t have lost his job A followed B should follow C had followed D would follow 4 Had I known about this computer program a huge amount of time and energy A would have been saved B had been saved C will be saved D was saved 5 for the free tickets I would not have gone to the films so often A If it is not B Were it not C Had it not been D If they were not 6 The weather has been very hot and dry Yes If it had rained even a drop things would be much better now And my vegetables A wouldn t die B didn t die 精品文档 20欢迎下载 C hadn t died D wouldn t have died 补充 状语从句补充 状语从句 Adverbial Clauses 指用作状语起副词作用的句子 根据其作用可分为时间 原因 条件 目 的 结果 让步 方式和比较等从句 英语中常见状语从句的分类及常用的引导词 类型类型常用的引导词常用的引导词 时间状语从句 when as while after before till until as soon as since 原因状语从句 because since as 结果状语从句so that such that 目的状语从句 so that in order that 条件状语从句 if unless as long as 让步状语从句 although though even if though 例句观察例句观察 When I came into the room my brother was playing on the computer 我进到屋里的时候 弟弟在玩电脑 Since you are in China you must obey the Chinese law 因为你在中国 所以你必须要遵守中国的法律 The old man was so excited that he could not say a word 老人激动得一句话也说不出来了 Speak clearly so that they may understand you 请你说清楚点 以便大家都能明白 You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean 只要你保持这本书清洁 你就可以借 He went out