施心远《听力教程》3Unit7

Unit 7,A Listening Course (3),Review: Voc of Unit 6,ambulanceconincidencecorporate cultureattirecubiclearchitecturalpledgedisplacekibbutzenvoy,armoredcarrierrefugeedetainedcustodydemolishmilitantpiracybarbed wirepragmatist,Section One Tactics for Listening,Part 1: Spot Dictation: Meet Your Chiropractor,chiropractor 脊椎指压治疗者;脊椎按摩师chiropractic n. 脊椎指压治疗法well-recognized adj. 公认的spine 脊柱, 脊椎circulatory system 循环系统skeletal system骨骼系统malfunctioning,spinal join 脊椎关节health disorder diagnosis referral n. (逐级)转诊chiropractic physician 脊骨神经医师orthopedics 矫形外科学; 整形外科学radiology 放射学License 执照,While listening: Listen and fill in the blanks with what you hear,Meet Your Chiropractor The doctor of chiropractic (D.C) (1)_, member of the health team who (2)_ the human body as a total functioning (3 )_and gives special attention to the spine (4) _, nerves, circulatory and skeletal (5) _. The chiropractor seeks to (6)_ pain. The procedures utilized are primarily focused on the (7) _. The chiropractor is concerned about the spines relationship to the (8)_ , which controls important body functions. The chiropractor knows that a malfunctioning spinal joint can not only cause (9)_or headaches, it can also (10) _ the nerves leading from the spine, thereby (11) _ other portions of the body. Millions of Americans are chiropractic patients for a wide variety of (12)_. They depend on their chiropractor as their (13)_ to help them maintain their health through proper (14) _, treatment, and referral when (15) _. A minimum of six years of college study including internships (16) _ the making of a chiropractic physician. Many doctors of chiropractic choose to (17) _ to certain specialties, such as (18) _, nutrition, orthopedics or radiology. As a (19) _ member of the healing arts, the doctor of chiropractic must pass a state (20)_ board examination in order to practice.,well-recognized,considers,unit,muscles,systems,relieve,spine,nerve system,back pain,Interfere with,affecting,health disorders,family doctor,diagnosis,goes into,limit their practices,sports injuries,licensed and regulated,licensing,necessary,脊椎指压治疗者,按摩师,Part 2 Listening for Gist,Focus: Note-taking skill:Finding the gist of the listening material -finding a topic sentence,Iron age,The Iron Age was a time in history after people began to use iron tools. Before this, they had used bronze or stone tools. Most of Europe, Africa and Asia reached the Iron Age by 500 BC. In Europe, it is a period of prehistory, because Iron Age people did not write their history down.Iron is easy to find, but hard to make tools with. It melts at a higher temperature than bronze.,. This meant that peoples behaviors changed. . And of course, bronze weapons and armor were no match for those made out of iron, so many peoples who did not have iron were conquered by those who did. Armor was rare in western Europes Iron Age, but people used shields and helmets to keep safe in battles. In ancient times people were dependent on animals and plants only.,Finding the topic sentence Topic sentence summarizes the main idea of a paragraph or passage, thus finding it is crucial in getting the gist of the passage. The topic sentence may be the beginning of the passage, or at the end of the passage. Sometimes it may also appear in the middle.,Pre-listening discussion: Listening Strategy:,(Listen to Paul talking about his life in his small cottage in the Welsh mountains and write down the key words) The topic sentence is _,“The place itself is extremely primitive.”,Ex. A: Listen to the tape and find the topic sentence.,And that brings me to say what is primitive about it, namely, it is anything that has to be done, and there are obviously certain basic needs of life, is DIY as they say: Do it yourself. There is no labor to be had nowadays in such a remote part. Er, there are no neighbors for most of the year and so you are on your own entirely. The place itself is extremely primitive. Er, I mentioned the water. I mentioned that we now have got electricity. Er, the building itself - its important to keep it clean and its stupid to try. We try to keep it tidy, and reasonably clean. It is very difficult to keep it warm, warm enough particularly in winter and that we do by an old kitchen range with coal and wood.,Section Two Listening Comprehension,Part 1 Dialogue,A Healthy Life Focus:Recognizing facts Making inferences,Vocabulary,klestr:l Cholesterol is a substance that exists in the fat, tissues, and blood of all animals. Too much cholesterol in a persons blood can cause heart disease. wax-like /Wax is a solid, slightly shiny substance made of fat or oil which is used to make candles and polish. It melts when it is heated. liver is a large organ in your body which processes your blood and helps to clean unwanted substances out of it. Arteries are the tubes in your body that carry blood from your heart to the rest of your body. 静脉vein,If someone has a heart attack, their heart begins to beat very irregularly or stops completely. If someone has a stroke, a blood vessel in their brain bursts or becomes blocked, which may kill them or make them unable to move one side of their body A hormone hrmon is a chemical, usually occurring naturally in your body, that makes an organ of your body do something. cell membranes 医 细胞膜pasta pst 团(用以制意大利通心粉,细面条等)gentle jogging 慢跑 / brisk walking 快走sustained: continue it or maintain it for a period of time,squash:a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets,软式墙网球(运动),Ex. Listen and complete the following grids.A. Cholesterol,yellowish, wax-like,livers,insulate our nerves,cell membrances and hormones.,narrower,getting through,heart attack,stroke,animal fats,red meat, cheese, eggs,fresh fruit and vegetables,potatoes, rice, pasta and bread,B. Exercise,sudden, twisting,squash,jogging, swimming, cycling,brisk walking,rhythmic and gentle,sustained,fifteen minutes,three times,Part 2 Passage,Aging of AmericaFocus: Dictation skills Recognizing facts Gaining an idea of American Social Security System,1. The impending collision between the boomers and the nations retirement system is naturally catching the eye of policymakers and the boomers themselves. 2. Retirement income security in the United States has traditionally been based on the so-called three-legged stool: Social Security, private pension, and other personal saving. 3. Retirement planning takes time, and these issues need to be addressed sooner rather than later.,Ex. B: Sentence Dictation,4. One found that in 1991 the median household headed by 65-69-year-old had financial assets of only $14,000, but expanding the measure to include Social Security, pensions, housing, and other wealth boosts median wealth to about $270,000. 5. Only one or two generations of Americans have had lengthy retirements, and the crucial retirement issues keep changing rapidly, making long-term predictions even harder.,Ex. C: Detailed Listening,In the U.S., increase in the birth rate between 1946 and 1964; also, the generation born in the U.S. during that period. The hardships and uncertainties of the Great Depression and World War II led many unmarried couples to delay marriage and many married couples to delay having children. The wars end, followed by a sustained period of economic prosperity (the 1950s and early 1960s), was accompanied by a surge in population.,Baby boom, in the postwar years, prompting a building boom in housing, schools, and shopping malls. As the boomers reached young adulthood in the 1960s and 70s, their tastes in music and their hair and dress styles strongly influenced the national culture, As they aged and prospered in the 1980s and 90s, their buying habits determined the course of many consumer industries, including automobiles. The needs of baby boomers during their retirement years were expected to strain public resources.,Medicare:Medicare is a national health insurance program created and administered by the federal government in the United States to address the medical needs of older American citizens. Medicare is available to U.S. citizens 65 years of age and older and some people with disabilities under age 65.,rule of thumb: a rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior 经验法则(靠经验估计)impending: about to happen The danger is impending over us.bleak: offering little or no hope The future of this firm will be very bleak indeed if we keep losing money.assets: The assets of a company or a person are all the things that they ownA dynamic process is one that constantly changes and progresses.Dynamics are forces which produce power or movement. Dynamics is the scientific study of motion, energy, and forces,Pre-listening questionDo you know anything about the retirement system in China?,aging population /400 million by 2040pension system / social securityplanned economy / market economya basic pension with personal savings accountsa reform in pension system is called for,Guided ListeningPart 1The Baby Boom generation has been reshaping American society for 5 decades.-1950s & 1960s jamming schools-1970s & 1980s crowding job markets housing markets -Now retirement issuePart 2 Retirement income security3 legged stool: Social Security, private pensions & personal savings.Serve the elderly well,Part 3 Are Baby Boomers making adequate preparations for their retirement?Retired households can maintain their pre-retirement standard of living with less income. -have more leisure time -fewer household members -lower expenses -lower taxes (escape payroll tax & income is progressive) -mortgage has been paid offBut they may face higher and more uncertain medical expenses.,Part 4. Issues about Baby Boomers need to be address. 1stmaking sure that they maintain 90% of their living standards 2ndhow to measure how well they are preparing for retirement. 3rdwhich baby boomers are not provided adequately for retirement and how big the gap is between what they have and what they should have. Part 5. The uncertain prospects for the baby boomers in retirement are troubling little understanding about the dynamics of retirement long-term predictions harder,Listen to the passage and choose the best answers. 1. D for five decades 2. D at each state of their lives 3. B Now that the leading edge of the generation has turned 50. 4. B fell from35% in 1959 to 11% in 1995 5. C . A rule of thumb often used by financial planners is that retirees should be able to meet this goal by replacing 60-80% of pre-retirement income.,6. C because they have more leisure time, fewer household members, and lower expenses. 7. A From a public policy perspective, assuring that retirees maintain 100% of pre-retirement living standards may be overly ambitious. But should policymakers aim to ensure that they maintain 90% of their living standards? Or that they stay out of poverty? Or use some other criterion? Retirement planning takes time, and the these issues need to be addressed sooner rather than later.8. C the crucial retirement issueshealth care, asset markets, Social Security, life spankeep changing rapidly, making long-term predictions even harder.,Exercise D After-listening Discussion,1. How have the boomers altered the economic patterns in the United States?The boomers have altered economic patterns from jamming the nations schools in the 1950s and 1960s, to crowding labor markets and housing markets in the 1970s and 1980s, to affecting consumption patterns almost continuously.,Section ThreeNews,Focus: Medicine Recognizing facts Summary,News Item 1,conception 怀孕; 受孕prenatal adj.产前的, 出生前的maternal adj. （似）母亲的rodent n. 啮齿类动物hyperactive （尤指儿童）活跃得反常的, 多动的obese （指人）过度肥胖的diabetes n.糖尿病low-protein 低蛋白的offspring n. 子孙，后代；(动物的)崽deficiency 缺乏; 缺少,Ex. A: Listen and complete the summaryThis news item is about the impact of mothers diet on baby even before pregnancy.,1. T2. F3. F4. T5. F6. T7. T8. F,Ex. B. Listen again and decide True or False.,You are what you eat, the saying goes. And now it appears you are also what our mother ate.Researchers are learning more about how a pregnant mothers diet can affect her childs health long after the child is born. The latest research shows that some of those effects can begin within days of conception.Women are encouraged to start taking prenatal vitamins and watching what they eat as soon as they learn they are pregnant, to help ensure a healthy baby. But it appears that maternal health before pregnancy also has an impact.Professor Tom Fleming and his colleagues fed mice and rats a low-protein diet for three-anda-half days after the animals had mated.,Fleming compared their offspring to the babies of animals fed a normal, high-protein diet for those three-and-a-half days. The young rodents from the low-protein group had higher blood pressure and were more hyperactive than the control group. Another study found that animals with vitamin B deficiencies in the very early days of pregnancy also had offspring with higher blood pressure. These young animals tended to be obese and were at risk for diabetes. So Fleming says its best to eat right if youre even thinking about getting pregnant.,News Item 2 UN Vaccine,Sub-Saharan AfricaThe region south of the Sahara Desert.is generally subdivided into the regions of West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa and Southern Africa.(撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲):,vaccine vksi:n A vaccine is a substance containing a harmless form of the germs that cause a particular disease. It is given to people, usually by injection, to prevent them getting that disease.n.疫苗If a person or animal is vaccinated, they are given a vaccine, usually by injection, to prevent them from getting a disease.mjoon If you are immune to a particular disease, you cannot be affected by it. If people or animals are immunized, they are made immune to a particular disease, often by being given an injection,Measles, mumps and whooping cough are spreading again because children are not being vaccinated. 因为孩子们没接种疫苗，麻疹、腮腺炎和百日咳又蔓延开来。tuberculosis tu:b:rkjloss TB is a chronic respiratory infectious disease caused by the pathogen Afycobacterium tuberculosis ( MTB ).是由结核分枝杆菌 ( MTB ) 引起的以呼吸道传播为主的慢性传染病.measles 麻疹 tetanus 破伤风 whooping cough 百日咳UNICEF (United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund) UNCF Unit