中考英语连词讲义+习题

语法专项六语法专项六 连词连词 一 连词的定义 一 连词的定义 连词是连接字 短语 从句与句子的词 是虚词 因此它不能独立担任句子成分 二 连词的分类 二 连词的分类 连词主要分为两大类 并列连词和从属连词 三 并列连词 三 并列连词 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词 词组或分句 它包括 and or but so for both and either or neither nor not only but also as well as 1 表并列关系的 and both and not only but also neither nor as well as 2 表选择关系的 or either or 3 表转折关系的 but 4 表因果关系的 for so 1 and 和 并且 1 表示 和 而且 的意思 用来连接对等关系的字和字 短语与短语 句子与句子 Eg He got up and put on his hat Eg I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park 2 单词或词组如果是三个以上连接 一般在最后的单词或词组前加 and 另外 and 在译成中文时不一定要翻译出 和 Eg Mary visited Beijing Shanghai and Hong Kong 3 and 用于祈使句中 句型 祈使句 and If you you ll Eg Use your head and you ll find a way If you use your head you ll find a way Eg Hurry up and you ll catch the bus If you hurry up you ll catch the bus 2 or 或 或者 否则 1 or 表示 或 的意思 用于两者之中选择一个 Eg Would you like coffee or tea 2 注意 A or B 作主语时 谓语动词随 or 后面的词 B 而定 Eg Tom or I am right Eg Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room 3 用于祈使句中 句型 祈使句 or If you don t you ll 译成 请 否则 有转折的意思 Eg Hurry up or you ll miss the bus If you don t hurry up you ll miss the bus Eg Study hard or you ll fail in the exam If you don t study hard you ll fail in the exam 3 but 但是 可是 而 1 但是 而 可是 表示转折关系 Eg He is old but he looks very young but 后面省略了主语 Li Li 因为与前面的主语成分相同 Eg Mary likes violin but Tom doesn t doesn t 后面省略了 like violin 因为与前面的成分相同 2 在英文中 but 和 although 不能在一起使用 Eg Although it was raining hard but they went on working 错 Eg It was raining hard but they went on working 对 Eg Although it was raining hard they went on working 对 4 so for 1 so 所以 因此 于是 Eg My teacher asked me to go so I went 2 so 除了作连词外 也可以作副词 Eg I hope you can pass the exam I hope so Eg Don t walk so fast 3 for 因为 Eg I soon went to sleep for I was tired Eg The sun has risen for the birds are singing 5 both and 和 既 也 两者都 1 both and 构成的词组作为主语时 谓语动词用复数 Eg Both Li Ming and Li Li are good students 2 both and 的否定句表示部分否定 Eg He can t play both the violin and the piano 不全会 Eg Both Li Ming and Li Li are not good students 其中一个是好学生 6 either or 和和 neither nor 1 either or 或 或 不是 就是 1 either or 构成的词组作为主语时 谓语动词随其邻近的词 即 or 后面的词而定 就近原则 Eg Either you or he is right Eg Either my sister or my mother comes 2 either or 的否定句是全否定 Eg Either you or he isn t right 你和他都不对 Eg I don t want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai 天津和上海我都不想参观 2 neither nor 既不 既不 也不也不 1 构成的词组做主语时 谓语动词的用法和 either or 的用法一样 由 nor 后面的词而定 就近原则 Eg Neither you nor I am right Eg Neither you nor he was selected for the job 2 neither nor 是全否定 因此不能再用否定式 即不能再加 not Eg Neither You nor I am not right 7 not only but also 不但 而且 not only but also 构成的词组担任主语时 谓语动词随 but also 后面的部分而定 就近原则 Eg Not only you but also your father is coming Eg Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan 8 as well as 又 不但 而且 1 as well as 构成的词组担任主语时 谓语动词随前面的词而定 就远原则 eg Jim as well as his parents joins in the party 2 该句型可以和 not only but also 互换 not only A but also B B as well as A 前者强调的是 B 在 not only 之后 后者强调的也是 B 在 as well as 之前 翻译时 要先翻译 as well as 后面的词 Eg The child is not only healthy but also lively The child is lively as well as healthy 这孩子既健康又活泼 四 从属连词 四 从属连词 从属连词用来引导从句 它包括 that when while as till until after before since because if though although so that as soon as 常见的从属连词有 1 that 1 that 引导名词性从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句 和定语从句 Eg I think that he likes football 2 如果主句的动词是 think believe 如果主句的主语是第一人称 变为否定句时 要否定主句 译成中文时 则否定从句 否定前移 Eg I believe you will leave here Eg I don t believe you will leave here 2 when while before after as soon as till until since when while till until since after before as soon as 等是连接时间状语从句的连词 当主句是将来时 从句要用一般现在时 1 注意 while 所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的 不能用点动词 如 begin stop Eg While I read she sang Eg I entered the room while when Li Ming was talking with her 2 since 引导的是一个过去时的句子 说明自当时以来到现在 自从两年前以来 主句一般要用现在完成时 Eg I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years ago 3 till 和 until 若主句的动词是终止性动词 则要用否定式 Eg I didn t go to sleep until till I finished my homework Eg We won t work until till our teacher teaches us how to do it Eg He stayed there till until his mother came back 4 Eg When he arrives there he will call you Eg He came to China after the war was over The war was over before he came to China Eg As soon as I get the present I ll tell you 3 because 因为 连接原因状语从句 1 回答 Why 问句时 只能用 because 不能用 for 或 as Eg Why are you late Because I met a traffic accident on my way here 2 汉语中 我们经常说因为 所以 但在英文中有了 because 就不能再用 so Eg Because he was tired so he couldn t walk there 4 if though although 1 if 如果 引导条件从句 Eg You can pass the exam if you study hard 2 though although 虽然 引导让步状语从句 和原因状语从句一样 如果用了 though although 虽然 就不 能再用 but 但是 Eg Although Though I live near the sea I m not a good swimmer I live near the sea but I m not a good swimmer 5 so that 太 以致 若 that 后跟的从句是否定从句 可以与 too to 互换 Eg He is so old that he can t work He is too old to work Eg The box is so heavy that I can t lift it The box is too heavy for me to lift Eg The girl is so beautiful that everybody likes her 注意注意此句型与 too to 的互换 so that 在肯定句中不能转换成 too to 代词专项习题代词专项习题 1 Going to the movies is good I really only like listening to music A and B but C so D or 2 The tomato is in fact a fruit it is eaten as a vegetable A because B if C when D although 3 Get up early you ll be late for school A so B and C or D but 4 my cousin is very young she can help with the housework A Once 不填 B Though but C Although 不填 5 I will be very happy you come to my party A if B though C or 6 He had a bad cold he kept on working as usual A so B but C though 7 What happened just now A car hit an old lady at the crossing She was hurt not badly A and B or C only D but 8 I live in a safe community I still feel a little worried when I go out at night A Although B Since C Until 9 Be quiet my kids you will have to stay outside because this is a library A and B because C or D but 10 Be careful you llmake fewer mistakes in the exam A or B but C and 11 Rose you are so thin You should eat more you ll make yourself ill A or B if C and D but 12 You won t pass the exam you don t work hard OK I ll do my best A and B but C if D so 13 A Do you like popular songs B Yes I do I m too busy to enjoy them A But B So C And 14 Work harder you will not keep with others A and B or C so 15 the winter in Harbin is rather cold the city is still attractive to the visitors throughout the world A Although B But C So 16 Be quick we ll be late for school A and B but C or D so 17 You d better take care you will hurt your eyes A so B but C or D and 18 I hear Tom is leaving why A And B But C Or D So 19 Hurry up Tom we ll be late for the film Dearest A or B but C and D so 20 Leave the reference books behind you won t be able to think independently A or B and C so D but 21 can help us travel around more easily more and more people like using them A Or B So C And D But 22 It is raining hard the farmers are still working in the field So they are A and B but C so 23 Write down the telephone number you ll forget it A or B and C so 24 You d better wake up Tom at 6 30 he will be late for the match A if B or C and D but 25 Hello Joyce you are busy Can I give you a hand Thanks very much I can manage A and B or C so D but 26 Mike did something wrong the headmaster is talking with him A so B but C and D or 27 Excuse me Do you have a table for two I m sorry there aren t any seats now Would you mind waiting for a while A but B and C or D so 28 Stop cutting trees the earth will become worse and worse A and B but C or D then 29 Do you want to stay at home go shopping with us A and B but C or D so 30 The song was old few young people could sing A enough to B so that C as as D too to 31 Mr Brown knows little Japanese he can t understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills A so B or C but D for 32 the soldiers the captain have been to Greece before A Both andB Not only but alsoC Neither norD as well as 33 my mother my sister watches football games these days A Either nor B Both and C Neither nor D Neither or 34 Mr Smith is an English teacher will teach us English next term A or B and C but D so 35 I may live in a hotel in a friend s house A both and B either or C neither nor D between and 36 I m sorry I can t help you with your homework You d better do it yourself A and B but C or D then 37 I think we should get this liquid crystal computer it won t take up more space A but B althoughC because D so 38 Stop smoking you will get better soon A and B orC that D after 39 We bought Mary a pair of sunglasses as her birthday present she didn t like it A and B but C or D so 40 It was very late the students still went on repairing their