小学英语语法习题

1 Lesson 1 1 日常用语 1 Hello Hi 的用法 Hello 的意思为 您好 一般可作为熟人 亲朋好友之间的打招呼用语 语气比较随便 例如 Hello Wu Yifan Hello Tom Hello 也可以用以引起某人注意 常用在打电话时或者在路上碰见熟人时 相当于中文 中的 喂 有时也可用Hi 来代替hello 但前者显得更随便 2 Nice to meet you 很高兴认识到你 表示两个人是第一次见面 以前不认识 Nice to see you 很高兴认见到你 表示认识了之后 再次相见 Nice to meet you Nice to meet you too 3 Good morning afternoon evening 早上 下午 晚上好 例如陈洁和艾米在早上遇见了会这样说 Good morning Chen Jie Good morning Amy 4 How are you Fine thank you How are you Very well thanks 你好吗 我很好 谢谢 多用于熟人之间 亲戚朋友之间 5 How do you do 你好 表示初次见面的礼貌用语 回答仍然是 How do you do 你好 6 Goodbye 再见 有时可以说 Bye See you 分别的时候要有礼貌说 Goodbye 他人仍以Goodbye 回答 7 What s your name My name is 或者直接回答 I am I m 你的名字是什么 我的名字是 我是 8 I m Sorry 英语常用口语句子 表示歉意 难过 惋惜 不安 或遗憾 内疚等 多数时候译为 对不起 我很抱歉 或 请原谅 其非正式说法为Sorry 可以这样回答 It doesn t matter 没关系 Never mind 没关系 Not at all That s all right That s OK It s nothing 这几句都表示 没关系 Forget it 忘掉它 I m sorry I m late 对不起 我迟到了 It doesn t matter 没关系 I m sorry I can t help you 对不起 我不能帮你了 Never mind 没关系 9 Thank you Thanks 表达了对他人的感谢 可以这样回答 You are welcome It s my pleasure Not at all 10 Excuse me可以用于 当你打扰别人的时候 意思是 不好意思 打扰了 还可以用在寻求别人帮助的时候 用在句子开头 例如 Excuse me what s the time please 2 11 This is 可以用语介绍某人 例如 This is my friend Tom 这是我的朋友Tom This is Mr Green 这是Green先生 12 OK Great All right That s OK Yes 可以表示赞成 好的 13 Sorry I don t know 对不起 我不知道 I don t think so 我不这么认为 14 Can I help you 我可以帮你吗 你需要什么 May I have 我需要 Lesson 2 你我他 人称代词和物主代词 1 人称代词主格和宾格的区别 主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前 宾格一般位于动词或介词之后 如 I help him 2 物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别 形容词性用时后面一般要带 上名词 名词性则单独使用 后面不带名词 一 请填写并熟记表格 我你他她它我们你们他们主格 I heweyou 我你他她它我们你们他们宾格 youheritthem 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的 形容词 性物主 代词 myhisitsourtheir 我的你的他的她的它的 我们的你们的他们的名词性 物主代 词 yoursherstheirs 二 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1 That is not kite That kite is very small but is very big I 2 The dress is Give it to she 3 Is this watch you No it s not I 4 is my brother name is Jack Look Those stamps are he 5 dresses are red we What colour are you 6 Here are many dolls which one is she 3 7 I can find my toy but where s you 8 Show your kite OK they 9 I have a beautiful cat name is Mimi These cakes are it 10 Are these tickets No are not aren t here they 11 Shall have a look at that classroom That is classroom we 12 is my aunt Do you know job a nurse she 13 That is not camera is at home he 14 Where are I can t find Let s call parents they 15 Don t touch is not a cat is a tiger it 16 sister is ill Please go and get she 17 don t know her name Would you please tell we 18 So many dogs Let s count they are lovely they 19 I have a lovely brother is only 3 I like very much he 20 May I sit beside you 21 Look at that desk Those book are on it 22 The girl behind is our friend she 三 按要求写单词 1 翻译 I they we yours them hers 2 写出宾格 he they we she it you 3 写出名词性物主代词 I you he she it we they 四 意思不变 换一种写法 1 This is my book 2 That s our new classroom 3 This is his pencil box 4 These are her crayons 5 Those are their footballs 6 This ruler is mine 7 That chair is hers 8 These robots are theirs 4 9 Those apples are ours 10 That toy bear is Amy s 11 These books are yours Lesson3 重要的单词1 be Be动词 1 am is are was were was是am is 的过去式 were 是are的过去式 口诀 我用am 你用are is 用在他她它 单数是is 复数全用are 2 be的肯定句和否定句 直接用am is are是肯定句 在am is are后面加not是否定句 期中is not isn t are not aren t 肯 I am a boy 否 I am not a boy 肯 He is in the living room 否 He isn t in the living room 肯 My teacher is tall and strong 否 His brother isn t hard working 肯 We are hungry 否 We aren t hungry 3 一般疑问句 把am is are 提到句子最前面 其他照写 注意大小写和标点符号 I am a Chinese Am I a Chinese 肯回 Yes you are 否回 No you aren t They are American Are they American Yes they are No they aren t The cat is fat Is the cat fat Yes it is No it isn t My friends are polite Are your friends polite Yes they are No they aren t 一 用be 动词填空 5 1 I a boy you a boy No I not I a girl 2 The girl Jack s sister She tall Her eyes big 3 The dog tall and fat Its tail short Its legs strong 4 The man with big eyes a teacher He strict 5 your brother in the classroom His books in the classroom 6 Where your mother She at home We in the park 7 How your father he kind No he 8 Mike and Liu Tao at school They good friends 9 Whose dress this it yours Yes it 10 Who I You Tom You my friend 11 That my red skirt This your blue dress 12 Who I you Tom Yes I 13 The books on the desk The bag under the chair 14 Here an apple for you 15 Here some peaches for you 16 The black gloves for Su Yang 17 This pair of gloves for Yang Ling 18 The two cups of milk for me The milk for you 19 Some tea in the glass Some cakes on the table 20 Gao shan s shirt over there He not helpful boy 21 My sister s name Nancy 22 This not Wang Fang s pencil 6 23 David and Helen from England 英国 24 There a girl in the classroom 25 There some apples on the tree 26 there any kites in the classroom 27 there any apple juice in the bottle 28 There some bread on the plate 29 There a boy two girls in the room 30 There two girls a boy in the room 31 Where your teacher 32 Where your teachers 33 There an apple three oranges and five pears on the table 34 There three oranges an apple and five pears on the table 二 修改句子 1 This ia an big elephant 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 2 They are fresh vegetables 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 3 These oranges are sweet 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 4 I am a hardworking boy 否定句 一般疑问句 7 肯定回答 否定回答 5 We are from China 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 Lesson4 重要的单词2 have hashave has 一 一 Have has 的基本用法总结 1 have作作 有有 讲 强调讲 强调 所属关系所属关系 含有 含有 拥有拥有 之意 其主语一般是之意 其主语一般是 人 有时也可以是物人 有时也可以是物 例 I have a new classmate 我有一个新同学 They have many new books 他们有许多新书 Wu Yifan has a little brother 魏华有个小弟弟 This table has four legs 这张桌子有四条腿 2 have可以作可以作 买买 讲 讲 I want to have a kilo of beef 我想买一公斤牛肉 May I have a new pen 我可以买支新笔吗 3 have作作 用 使用用 使用 讲讲 Excuse me may I have your bike please 打扰了 我可以用 借用 你的自行车吗 4 have 表示动作的名词 这类名词常由同形的动词表示动作的名词 这类名词常由同形的动词 转化而来 意为转化而来 意为 做 某事 做 某事 do sth have a drink of 喝一点 have a look at 朝 看一眼 have a rest 休息一下 have a swim 游泳 这些短语常用于口语 这里的have可以用take替换 5 have 表示一日三餐的名词 意为表示一日三餐的名词 意为 用餐用餐 have breakfast lunch supper 吃早饭 午饭 晚饭 have dinner吃饭 吃晚饭 6 have 表示食品 饮料等的名词 意为表示食品 饮料等的名词 意为 吃 喝吃 喝 eat drink have some bread 吃面包 have eggs for breakfast 早餐 吃鸡蛋 have a cup of tea 喝 一杯 茶 这里的have也可以用take替换 7 have 表示某种活动的名词 意为表示某种活动的名词 意为 进行 举行进行 举行 have a class 学生 上课 have a sports meeting 开运动会 have a party 举行聚会 8 have 表示疾病的名词 意为表示疾病的名词 意为 患 病 患 病 有时也用 有时也用have got 8 have a bad cold 患重感冒 have got a cough 咳嗽 have got a headache 头痛 9 have 表示一段时间的名词 表示表示一段时间的名词 表示 经历 度过经历 度过 have a good time 度过快乐的时光 玩得愉快 have a good summer holiday度过愉快的暑假 二 二 have has的句型转换 的句型转换 1 否定句否定句 主语 don t doesn t have We don t have any water here 我们这儿没有水 This wall doesn t have a window in it 这面墙上没有一个窗户 2 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 Do Does 主语 have 肯定回答 Yes 主语 do does 否定回答 No 主语 don t doesn t 例 Do you have a ruler 你有尺子吗 Yes I do No I don t 是的 我有 不 我没有 Does Lucy have a twin sister 露茜有个孪生姐姐吗 Yes she does No she doesn t 是的 有 不 没有 注意 注意 do does是助动词 do用于第一 二人称单 复 数和第三人称复数 does用于第三人称单数形式 回答一般疑问句时 主语用 人称代词表示 否定回答中don t或doesn t 一般不分开写 注意 have has 表示 有 时 一般不用于进行时态 另外 在现代英语中 当 有 讲时 have has的一般疑问句可以把have has 直接提前 当have has作助词时表示完成时态时也可以直接提前 例 They have a book Have they a book 三 三 have 与与 there be句型句型 的区别 详见的区别 详见there be句型 句型 1 have意为意为 有有 指所属关系 指所属关系 2 there be表示表示 某地有某物某地有某物 意指 意指 存在存在 There s a book on the desk 桌子上有本书 Xiao Wang has an English Chinese dictionary 小王有本英汉字典 四 用四 用havehave hashas 填空填空 1 I have a cat 16 We have a dog 2 He have a dog 17 Do you have any birds 3 She have long hair 18 Amy have cats 9 4 We have a big house 19 It have a big nose 5 They have a happy family 20 She have some rice 6 It have a short tail 21 Dogs have good noses 7 You have a good teacher 22 Tigers have sharp teeth 8 Elva have two big eyes 23 The desk have four legs 9 Tom have a red pen 24 John have round face 10 My mother have a beautiful nose 25 I have an old bag 11 Sarah have some hot beef 26 Does it have a mouth 12 You have a new teacher 27 Girls have nice dresses 13 My grandpa have a cooking class 28 He have new balls 14 Our father have some tea 29 Teachers have old pens 15 My sister have some old dresses 30 Cats have four legs 五 选择题五 选择题请将正确答案的序号填在 请将正确答案的序号填在 1 I big eyes A have B has C am 2 They got five trains A have B has C am 3 She got a big bedroom A have B has C is 4 My toy dog big ears A are B has C is 5 We dinner at seven o clock 10 A have B has C are 6 Tom and I got a football A have B has C are 7 It got big leaves A have B has C is 8 Can he lunch now A have B has C is 9 I a boy I a new bag A am has B am have C is have 10 He a friend He happy A is have B has are C has is 六 把下列句子改成否定句 一般疑问句并肯定否定回答六 把下列句子改成否定句 一般疑问句并肯定否定回答 1 I have many friends 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 2 He has two hamburgers 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 3 We have P E on the Fridays 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 4 Her father has two brothers 11 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 5 Amy has some beef 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 LessonLesson 5 5 名词名词 名词的概念 名词的概念 1 名词是指 表示 的词语 2 名词的分类 按照是否可数 可以分为 1 可数名词 能以数目来计算的名词 例 apple book 单数形式 与 复数形式 2 不可数名词 不能数目计算的名词 例 beef rice water 习题 习题 把下列名词分类 rice fish hamburger sandwich egg desk computer water elephant pear kite tree meat ice cream cheese boat teacher hat bread juice coffee tea 可数名词 不可数名词 二 可数名词的复数形式 1 规则复数 大部分可数名词 直接在单词末尾 s book books apple apples tiger tigers Sunday Sundays 以 s x z sh ch结尾的可数名词 在单词末尾 es bus buses fox foxes brush brushes peach peaches 以辅音字母 y结尾的可数名词 变y为i 再 es baby babies body bodies fly flies cherry cherries 以f fe 结尾的 变f为v 再加es wolf wolves scarf scarves knife knives 12 如果单词以 o 结尾 1 有生命的 加es 如 potato potatoes tomato tomatoes hero heroes 这 三个词的记忆口诀 英雄 爱吃 土豆 和 西红柿 2 无生命的 加s 如 photo photos 照片 radio radios 收音机 2 不规则复数 man men woman women policeman policemen postman postmen foot feet tooth teeth goose geese fish fish sheep sheep people people mouse mice child children 3 不可数名词 则没有复数形式 或者就用它本身 tea bread beef soup milk water juice pork rice 4 其他词语的复数 I we you you he she it they this these that those 三 写出下列单词复数形式三 写出下列单词复数形式 photo dress man boy monkey fish tiger bird orange peach watch fox dress bus wife nose face foot mouse ship plane dog cat horse house window class butterfly baby family woman firman tooth child toy boy girl brother photo tomato thief scarf ruler bag policewoman sheep hero box wolf people pencil tea milk rice milk water grass pork chicken 13 I he it she this that 四 名词单数四 名词单数 1 名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数 一律看作 单数 2 可数名词的单数前什么时候用a 什么时候用an 答 以元音音标元音音标 或音素 开头的用an 如 e ei 常见发元音的字母是 a e i o u 单词 an egg an apple an orange 以辅音音标辅音音标 或音素 开头的用a 如 a pear a bag 注意 我们看的是音标 或音素 而不是元音字母 选择a或an或不填 用 表示 pen bag apple big apple egg umbrella elephant eye ear nose mouth banana orange orange bag orange pen 五 课后练习五 课后练习 一 适当形式填空 1 I have two knife She has one ruler He has five box 2 There are many here box 3 There are many on the road bus 4 A few are drawing on the wall boy 5 The are playing football now child 6 Peter likes eating apple but Tom likes eating peach 7 a elephat is big Its nose be long Its leg are strong Its 14 eye are small Its body is big 8 Look at those child 9 I have two knife 10 There are many on the road bus 11 A few are drawing on the wall boy 12 The are playing football now child 13 I can see a standing near the door policeman 14 Do you want some for dinner potato 15 In autumn you can see a lot of on the ground leaf 16 He has two One is blue the other is yellow box 17 Two live in this building family 18 Mr Green has two dog ten sheep five cow and eight horse on his farm 二 选择填空 1 There on the wall They are very beautiful A are photoes B are photos C is a photo D is photos 2 This kind of car made in Shanghai A is B are C were D has 3 There are four and two in the group A Japanese Germen B Japaneses Germen C Japanese German D Japanese Germans 4 That s art book A an B a C the D are 15 5 The boys have got already A two bread B two breads C two pieces of bread D two piece of bread 6 The old man wants A six boxes of apples B six boxes of apple C six box of apples D six boxs of apples 7 There some in the river A is fish B are fishs C is fishs D are fish 8 There two in the box A is watch B are watches C are watch D is watches 9 We should clean twice a day A our tooth B our tooths C teeth D our teeth 10 The meeting room is near the reading room A teacher B teacher s C teachers D teachers 11 In Britain are all painted red A letter boxes B letters boxes C letter box D letters box 12 Do you want to drink much A a milk B milk C milks 13 This is room It s very big A Lily and Lucy s B Lily s and Lucy s C Lily s and Lucy 14 We visited house yesterday A Tom B Toms C Tom s 16 15 Do you want some for supper A a potato B potatoes C potatos 16 In autumn you can see a lot of on the ground A leaf B leafs C leaves 17 My sister has two One is old the other is new A a watch B watchs C watches 18 Best wishes to you for Day A Teacher s B Teachers C Teacher 19 Many children like to go to the Palace on Sunday A Children B Children s C Childrens 20 There are some on the hill A sheeps B a sheep C sheep D sheepes 21 How much are the A bread B meats C potatos D tomatoes 22 Three months a long time for me A is B are C have D has 23 In autumn you can see a lot of on the ground A leaf B leafs C leaves 24 Some are coming to help us A peoples B people C the people 三 三 将以下单复数句进行转换将以下单复数句进行转换 1 This is a knife 17 2 That is a tomato 3 That child is very good 4 These a re mice 5 Those are children 6 These babies are lovely 7 I have many orange dresses 8 There are some mice in that room 9 They have many peaches on the table 10 There is an orange bus in the street 四 选择正确的单词填空 四 选择正确的单词填空 1 How many radioes radios can you see 2 There are 36 boys boies in my class 3 Look at those sheeps sheep 4 I don t want a an old cup 5 Give me that box boxes please 6 My sister has six dress dresses 7 Give me some tea cake please 8 A sandwich milk please Lesson 6动词的三单 18 一 动词的概念 动词动词是用来表示主语做什么 即行为动词 或表示主语是什么或怎么 样 即状态动词 的词 例如 The boy runs fast 这个男孩跑得快 runs表示主语的行为 He is a boy 他是个男孩 is与后面的表语a boy表示主语的状态 二 动词的分类二 动词的分类 动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类 即行为动词 也称实义动词 连系动词 助动词和情态动词 略讲解一下行为动词 其他的中学会有详 细讲解 行为动词 行为动词 实义动词 是表示行为 动作或状态的词 它的词义完整 可以单 独作谓语 例如 I live in Beijing with my mother 我和我妈妈住在北京 It has a round face 它有一张圆脸 根据后面是否带宾语 行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词 及物动词 vt 后面要跟宾语 不及物动词 vi 不跟宾语 如 They study hard 他们勤奋学习 study后没有宾语 是不及物动词 I know t hem well 我很了解他们 know后有宾语them 是及物动词 注 有的动词既 可作及物动词 也可用作不及物动词 如 She sings very well 她唱得很好 sing是不及物动词 She sang an English song just now 她刚才唱了一首英文歌 sing是及物动词 三 动词的单三形式讲解三 动词的单三形式讲解 在一般现在时中 当主语是第三人称单数时 谓语动词要用第三人称单数 形式 即常在动词原形后加 s或 es 但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚 现归纳总结如 19 下 一 人称代词he she it是第三人称单数 如 He likes watching TV 他喜欢看电视 She has lunch at twelve 她十二点吃午餐 I t looks like a cat 它看起来像只猫 二 单个人名 地名或称呼作主语 是第三人称单数 如 Han Mei looks like her mother 韩梅看起来像她的母亲 Beijing is in China 北京在中国 Uncle Wang often makes cakes 王叔叔经常做蛋糕 三 单数可数名词或 this that the 单数可数名词 作主语时 是第三人称 单数 如 A horse is a useful animal 马是有用的动物 This book is yours 这本书是你的 That car is red 那辆小汽车是红色的 The cat is Lucy s 这只猫是露 茜的 四 不定代词someone somebody nobody everything somethi ng等及指示代词this that作主语时 是第三人称单数 如 Everyone is here 大家到齐了 There is something wrong with the watch 这块手表有毛病 This is a pen 这是一支钢笔 That is an eraser 那是一块橡皮擦 五 不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数 如 The milk is in the glass 牛奶在玻璃杯里 The bread is very small 那面包很小 20 六 当数字或字母作主语时 看作第三人称单数 如 6 is a lucky number 6 是个吉利数字 I is a letter I 是个字母 四 三单形式构成四 三单形式构成 1 一般直接在词尾加 s 如 work works live lives make makes 2 以s x ch sh等结尾的单词加 es 如 miss misses fix fixes finish finishes teach teaches 3 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词 变y为i加 es 如 fly flies 4 以辅音字母加o结尾的单词 加 es 如 go goes do does 练习 练习 一 写出动词的三单形式 go play work jump run fly do wash watch make have read put sing swim draw dig teach study finish miss dance get come look eat drink cook write count 二 根据括号里单词的适当形式填空 1 She be a writer 2 It look like a monkey 3 We go to the park 4 He go to school 5 Amy like eating fruits 6 Hebei be next to Shandong 7 Our teacher be talking with John 8 Whose book be this 9 Dogs be our friends 21 10 That blackboard be clean 11 The desk be Tom s 12 Somebody do her homework 13 Everybody is ok 14 Nobody be in the park 15 There be someone in the classroom 16 That cat be mine 17 A little water be in the cup 18 Cheese taste well 19 The letter O look like zero 20 4 be a bad number in China 三 把下列句子改成第三人称单数句的肯定句 否定句 一般疑问 句 并做回答 1 I like playing the piano in the music room Tom Tom 否定句 一般疑问句 肯回 否回 2 You need a pencil box for new term Sam s sister Sam s sister 否定句 一般疑问句 肯回 否回 3 I do my homework at half past four in the afternoon she She 否定句 一般疑问句 肯回 否回 22 4 I have breakfast at twenty five past seven in the morning her father Her father 否定句 一般疑问句 肯回 否回 5 I watch TV at quarter past six with my parents Tom s sister Tom s sister 否定句 一般疑问句 肯回 否回 提示 在句首请助动词Do Does Did帮忙 剩下的照抄 some 改成any my 改成your等 句点改成问号 例如 陈述句 I like the ducks He likes the dogs 一般疑问句 1 Do you like the ducks Yes I do No I don t 2 Does he like the dogs Yes he does No he doesn t 3 Does her sister watch TV at six o clock Yes she does No she doesn t LessonLesson 7 7重要的单词重要的单词3 3 cancan Can是情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的词义 表示说话人的情绪 态度或者语气 Can 表示 能 会 例如 She can sing He can swim I can draw can的过去式是could 一 Can的基本句型 23 一 肯定句can 动词原形 比如 I can swim 我会游泳 My sister can sing 我妹妹会唱歌 二 can 的否定句 直接在Can后面 not 构成can not can t 一般其他单词保持不变 例 Peter can play football 否定句 Peter can t paly football 你会吗 把句子变成否定句 1 I can run fast 2 We can read books in the classroom 3 Amy can ride a bicycle 4 Wu Yifan can draw a house 5 His friend can fly a kite 三 can的一般疑问句 把can提前到句子开始 一般其他单词保持 不变 若是I we my our第一人称 改成相应的第二人称you you your your 有some 变成any 回答的主语和问题的一致 例1 Amy can sing 一般 Can Amy sing Yes she can No she can t 2 My brother can play pingpong Can your brother play pingpong Yes he can No he can t 你会了吗 1 Chen Jie can run fast 一般 肯回 否回 2 My friend can make a paper bird 一般 肯回 否回 3 I can eat a big hamburger 一般 肯回 否回 基础练习基础练习 一 把下列句子变为否定句 1 Zhangpeng can ride a horse well 24 2 He can take pictures 3 Amy and Chenjie can play the piano 4 My father can play basketball 5 My brother can go to shopping today 二 把下列句子变为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答 1 He can play basketball well 一般 肯回 否回 2 My mother can play the piano 一般 肯回 否回 3 Amy and Chenjie can take pictures 一般 肯回 否回 4 I can clean the room 一般