高中英语倒装句(完整版详细讲义+随堂练习)

1 Grammar of the Inversion Module 5 Unit 4 倒装句倒装句 英语最基本的语序是主语在前 谓语动词在后 但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调 就要采 用倒装形式 倒装分两种情况 1 将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装 2 只将助动词或情态动 词放到主语之前称为部分倒装 并且强调性倒装和以 so neither nor 开头的句子是高考例题的热 点 一 倒装句的意义 1 用倒装构成疑问句 适应一定的语法结构的需要 e g May I come in Was the People s Liberation Army founded in 1927 2 为了强调某一部分 而把这部分放到句首 构成倒装 e g Never have I been late for school this term So early did he come to school that no other students came 二 倒装的用法 完全倒装完全倒装 1 在 there be 结构里 there 是引导词 主语在 be 后 在 there be 结构中的谓语动词有时不用 be 而用表示类似 存在 观念的其他不及物动词 如 live stand come lie flow enter rise 和 appear 等 e g There is a box on the table There came shouts for help from the river There lies a large wheat field in front of the house Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house 2 为了表达生动 有时把表地点 方位的副词 如 here there now then thus up down out off over away in 等放在句首 同时把谓语动词放在主语之前 在 here there 等副词开头的 某些句子里 要用一般现在时态 若主语为人称代词 主语和谓语动词的位置不变 只将副词放在句 首 完全倒装 e g There goes the bell Here is an apple for you There she comes 人称代词倒装 e g Away hurried the boy Out rushed the girl Away she went with tears in her eyes Ex Out with a stick in his hand A did he rush B rushed he C he rushed D he did rush Ex There And here A goes the phone she comes B is the phone going is she C does the phone go does she come D the phone goes come she 3 为了保持句子的平衡或为了强调表语和状语 或使上下文紧密衔接 常把表示地点的介词短语 如 on the wall under the tree in front of the house in the middle of the room 等 放在句首用时 要用完要用完 全倒装全倒装 该结构不需加助动词 构成 1 表 介短 系 主 2 状 介短 谓动 主 如 On the top of the hill stands a pine tree In front of the classroom is a playground East of the town lies a beautiful lake In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor Outside the doctor s clinic were twenty patients Ex Under a big tree half asleep A did sat a fat man B a fat man sat C did a fat man sat D sat a fat man 4 直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时 主句中的主谓也常直接倒装 完全倒装 2 e g Very well said the French student Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea please he said 5 表语 代词 such be 主语 结构 如 Such was the story he told me Such were her words Such was the result 部分倒装部分倒装 1 在疑问句中 e g Is she singing in the classroom What does your mother do 2 重复倒装句型 用在以 so nor neither 开头 表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物 的肯定或否定句中 so 用于肯定句 表示 也一样 也这样 nor neither 用于否定句 表示 同样也 不 也不这样 e g I am watching TV So is she My parents didn t watch TV last night Neither Nor did I She is busy doing her homework So is her brother You passed the exam So did I He doesn t like shopping Neither do i He can t speak any foreign language Nor can his father 注意 表示两人的同样一个情况时 只能表示一件事 即上 下句所使用的动词 时态要一致 否则要用 so it is with His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years So it is with his aunt Ex 1 I don t know how to swim A and my sister doesn t neither B nor my sister can C nor does my sister D and my sister does either 2 She s passed the test A So am I B So have I C So I have D Also I have 3 Do you know Tom bought a new car I don t know A nor don t I care B nor do I care C I don t care neither D I don t care also 注意 当 so 引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时 不可用倒装结构 意为 的确如此 例 如 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did 汤姆邀我去踢球 我去了 It s raining hard So it is 雨下得真大 是呀 3 在以 hardly scarcely never not little few seldom nowhere no no 等否定或半否定意义的副 词 连词放在句首时要用倒装句 采用部分倒装 如不放在句首就不要倒装 e g Little did he say at the meeting Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army Not once did we visit the city of our own Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person Never have I seen such a performance 从未见过如此糟糕的表演 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的 Never have I seen such a performance Ex Why can t I smoke here At no time in the meeting room 3 A is smoking permitted B smoking is permitted C smoking is it permitted D does smoking permit 比较 I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army Ex 2 Have you ever seen anything like that before No anything like that before A I never have seen B never I have seen C never have I seen D I have seen 4 用于以 only 所修饰的副词 介词短语或状语从句的句子中 e g Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk Only in this way can we learn English well 注意 如果注意 如果 only 后的词组不是状语 不需倒装 后的词组不是状语 不需倒装 e g Only Wang Lili knows this only Only a few young men went to the theatre 修饰主语时则不用倒装 Ex 1 Only in this way make progress in your English A you B can you C you be able to D will you able to 2 Only when the meeting was over go back to meet his friend A he could B he was able to C was he able to D was able to he 3 Only after liberation to be treated as human beings A did they begin B they had begun C they did begin D had they begun 5 在虚拟结构中 条件从句的谓语含有 were had 和 should 这三个词是 可省去 if 将这些词移至 主语之前 e g Had I time If I had time I would go and help you Were I you If I were you I would go abroad Should he come If he should come tell him to ring me up 6 as 引导让步状语从句时要倒装 形容词 副词 名词 动词 as 主语 谓语 e g Proud as they are they are afraid to see me Child as he is he seems to know everything child 前不加冠词 Hard as he worded he made little progress Much as she likes him she doesn t love him Ex he s honest A As he is poor B Poor is he C Poor as he is D Poor as is he he knows a lot of things A A child as he is B Child as he is C A child as is he D Child as is he 7 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 e g May you succeed Long live the People s Republic of China 8 So 形容词 副词及 such 置于句首时要倒装 So happy did he feel Such was me Such a good girl is she Such delicious food did he cook 9 固定搭配 hardly when scarcely when no sooner than 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when did 或用倒装句式 Hardly had 主语 done when did 句式 hardly 所在的句子用过去完成 时 主倒从不到 Hardly Scarcely had he reached the station when the train started The bell hardly had rung when the class began Hardly had the bell rung when the class began No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work Ex 1 Hardly down he stepped in A had I sat than B I had sat when C had I sat then D had I sat when 2 Hardly the airport when the plane took off 4 A I had arrived at B had I arrived C had I reached D I had got to 10 在以 often well many a time now and again 等方式或频度副词 短语 开头的句子中 要用部分倒 装结构 如 Many a time has John given me good advice Often have we made that test Often did we warn them not to do so Well did I remember the day I saw a wild tiger Always did the soldier go to help the villagers Many a time has John given me good advice Ex Many a time swimming alone A the boy went B went the boy C did the boy go D did go the boy 11 so 形容词 副词 that 的结果状语从句可以用正常语序表示 也可以把 so 形容词 副词放于句首构 成倒装 句型如下 so 形容词 副词 be 助动词 情态动词 that 从句 主倒从不倒 Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days 12 分词 be 主语 结构 如 Walking at the head of the line was our teacher Lying on the floor was a boy aged seventeen 13 done 做形容词在句中做表语时 常把表语放在句首 要用倒装句式 Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing cards 14 not only but also 引出的并列句 紧跟 not only 后的句子要倒装 but also 后的句子不倒装 注 意 如否定词 not only 不在句首不倒装 例如 Not only did he refuse the gift he also severely criticized the sender 他没有收下礼物 还狠狠批评 了送礼的人 Not only was there no electricity but also no water 如果置于句首的 Not only but also 仅连接两个并列词语 不可用倒装结构 如 Not only you but also I am fond of music 15 当 not until 引出主从复合句 主句倒装 从句不倒装 注意 如否定词不在句首不倒装 例如 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间 Not until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is A man did know B man know C didn t man know D did man know Ex 1 Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is A man did know B man knew C didn t man know D did man know 2 Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted A didn t I realize B did I realize C I didn t realize D I realize 倒装句综合练习 1 and caught the mouse A Up the cat jumped B The cat up jumped C Up jumped the cat D Jumped up the cat 2 and the lesson began A In came Mr Brown B Mr Brown in came C In came he D came in Mr Brown 3 Over dead A rolling the goatB rolled the goat C did the goat rollD the goat rolled 4 Where is my shirt mum A There is it B There it is C There is D Here is it 5 Where is your father Oh 5 A here he comes B he here comes C here does he come D here comes he 6 The door opened and there A enters an old man B entered an old man C did an old man enter D an old man entered 7 Now your turn to recite the text A will comeB comesC has comeD there is 8 Often them not to smoke here A we advised B advised me C did we advise D had we advised 9 playing soldiers A Inside the room were two boys B Inside the room two boys C Were two boys inside the room D Inside the room was two boys 10 On the wall two large portraits A are hangingB Hanged C hangD hangs 11 who was wounded in the stomach A Among them were a soldier B Among them was a soldier C Among them a soldier was D Among they was a soldier 12 Next door to ours who is no less than eighty A that lives an old man B does an old man live C lives an old man D where lives an old man 13 She plays the piano very well A so every one of us does B every one of us does C so does every one of us D so do every one of us 14 You say he works hard and A so he does so you do B so he does so do you C so does he so do you D so does he so you do 15 I thought you women were present at the meeting A So we were B So we did C So were we D So did we 16 I don t think Jack will come today A nor will Mary B and Mary doesn t C Mary will either D or Mary does 17 She is fond of cooking I A so am B nor am C neither do D nor do 18 Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language A So it was with Engles B So was it with Engles C So was Engles D So did Engles 19 A fish needs water and without water it will die A So does a man B So will a man C So it is with a man D So is it with a man 20 So absorbed the work that she often forgot to her meals A had she been in do B she was in make C was she in take D she had been in have 21 So loudly that every one of the class could hear him A