初中英语语法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级简单记法

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一一 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 1 符合规则的 符合规则的 2 几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表 几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表 一分为二有两个 一分为二有两个 一是远来一是老 一是远来一是老 合二为一共三对 合二为一共三对 坏病两多并两好 坏病两多并两好 还有一词双意含 还有一词双意含 只译少来不译小 只译少来不译小 原原 级级比较级比较级最高级最高级 farfarther furtherfarthest furthest oldolder elderoldest eldest bad ill badlyworseworst many muchmoremost good wellbetterbest littlelessleast 情情 况况加加 法法例例 词词 一一 般般 情情 况况直接加直接加 er estall taller tallest 以以 e 结尾的词结尾的词加加 r stnice nicer nicest 以以 辅音辅音 y 结尾的词结尾的词变变 y 为为 i 再加再加 er est dry drier driest heavy heavier heaviest 以一个辅音字母结尾的词以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写 再加辅音字母双写 再加 er estthin thinner thinnest 多音节和部分双音节单词多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加在词前加 more most more delicious most delicious 二 形容词和副词比较级的用法二 形容词和副词比较级的用法 级别比较程度比较程度表达方式和意义表达方式和意义例例 句句备备 注注 肯肯 定定 形形 式式 As 原级原级 as 像像 一样一样 Art is as interesting as music Play as well as you can 原 级 同同 等等 程程 度度 否否 定定 形形 式式 not so as 原级原级 as 不如不如 那样那样 English is not so difficult as science She does not study so well as I do 不同程度不同程度 用于两 用于两 者比较 者比较 比较级比较级 than 比比 Jim is older than Luky I like pork better than beef 比较级前面可以加比较级前面可以加 much far even still a lot a little a bit 等等 比较 级 程度加深程度加深 比较级比较级 and 比较比较 级级 越来越 越来越 The 比较级 比较级 the 比较级比较级 越 越 越越 He is growing taller and taller He studies better and better The more books she reads the better she understand 最高 级 最高程度最高程度 用于三 用于三 者或三者者或三者 以上 以上 The 最高级最高级 of in 最最 Spring is the best season of the year Lin Tao jumped the farthest of all 副词最高级前面的副词最高级前面的 the 往往省略往往省略 注意 有些形容词 如 dead dead empty empty round round sure sure woolenwoolen 等受本身含 义的限制 没有比较级 例例题题解析解析 1 He is friends than I A much more B many more C very more D too more 解析 后面有可数名词复数时 many 的比较级形式为 many more 修饰 应选 B 2 Which is the country Japan or Australia A more developed B more developing C most developed D most developing 解析 两者比较用比较级 表示 发达 用 developed 而 developing 是 发展中的 意思 3 There were shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990 A little B few C fewer D less 解析 little 不能修饰可数名词 两者比较需用比较级 所以应选 C 4 If you are not free today come another day A too B so C instead D yet 解析 instead 作副词用时意为 代替 顶替 表示前面的事情没做 而是做了后 面的事 Instead 一般位于句首 应选 C 5 He can t tell us I think A important anything B anything important C important something D something important 解析 不定代词与形容词联用需后置 否定句中应该用 anything 而不是 something 因此应选 B 6 The Huang River is the second river in our country A long B longer C longest D the longest 解析 定冠词 the 序数词 形容词最高级 表示 第几大 应选 C 7 The light in the office wasn t for him to read A enough bright B bright enough C brightly D enough brightly 解析 enough 修饰名词时可前可后 修饰形容词或副词时 要后置 应选 B 8 There was an accident at the corner the girl wasn t hurt A luckily badly B luck hardly C Lucky heavily D Lucky strongly 解析 第一空修饰全句需用副词 第二空修饰形容词 hurt 也要用副词 因此选 A 9 You must keep your eyes when you do eye exercises A close B open C closed D opened 解析 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语 应选 C 10 Five days has passed but I haven t finished half of the work A already B still C too D yet 解析 already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态 Already 常用于肯定句 而 yet 常用 与否定句 应选 D 三 形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法三 形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法 1 和冠词连用 和冠词连用 the 形容词原级 v 复 指一类人或物 the 形容词比较级 指两者中 较 的 的那一个 eg the younger of the two a an 形容词比较级 eg The pen is expensive I want a cheaper one a most 形容词最高级 非常 eg a most beautiful city 2 相关结构相关结构 1 原级比较 肯定句 as as 否定句not so as as 2 比较句 比较级 than 或more less than The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop 注意代词 that 的用法 3 比较级 and 比较级 或 more and more 比较级 越来越 richer and richer more and more interesting 4 The more the more 越 越 The more you look at the picture the better you will like it 5 比较级 than any other n 单 适用于范围一致时 all other n 复 any n 单 适用于范围不一致时 He is taller than any other student all other students in his class any student in my class 6 倍数表达法 A is three four etc times the size height length etc of B A is three four etc times as big high long etc as B A is three four etc times bigger higher longer etc than B 用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上 两倍可以用twice或double The new building is four times the size the height of the old one 这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍 高三倍 Asia is four times as large as Europe 亚洲比欧洲大三倍 Your school is three times bigger than ours 你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍 7 more than 结构 其意往往是 rather than 可译为 是 而不 是 或颠倒词序译作 与其说是 不如说是 That little girl is more tired than hungry 那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了 She is more a mother than a wife 或 She is more of a mother than a wife 她是贤妻 更是良母 8 A is to B what C is to D A和B的关系就像C和D的关系 Air is to man what water is to fish 空气 对于人类就像水和鱼的关系 9 no more than only 只不过 言其少 not more than at most 不多于 至少 指事实 no more than 和 一样不 如单音节使用比较级形式 not more than 不比 更 no less than as much as 多达 no fewer than as many as 例 I have no more than five yuan in my pocket 我口袋里的钱只不过 5 元 I have not more than five yuan in my pocket 我口袋里的钱不多于 5 元 He is no richer than I 他和我一样穷 He is no less determined than you 他的决心不亚于你 no less determined than 等于 其决心不亚于你 言其大 He is not less determined than you 他的决心不比你小 not less determined than 等于 其决心不小于 无言其大或小的含义 10 最高级 of in among He is the tallest of the three among them in is class 四 相关词语辨析四 相关词语辨析 1 very 和 much A very 修饰形容词 副词的原级 much 修饰比较级 修饰动词用 much 或 very much eg I very like English 因改为 I like English very much B 表示状态的过去分词前用 very a very frightened boy a very tired child 一般的情 况下 以 ed 结尾的分词多用 much very much greatly 等修饰 如 We were greatly much shocked by the news about Tom C 已转化为形容词的现在分词前用 very 如 very interesting worrying exciting D too 前用 much far 不用 very You are much far a lot too nice 另外 在 too many much too few little 前用 far We ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups E 还有修饰词既不用 very 也不用 much eg be well worth doing be well above the tree 2 so 和 such A so that 与such that 的区别 so 形容词 副词 that so 形容词 a n 单数可数名词 that so many much little few 名词 that such a n 形容词 单数可数名词 that such 形容词 不可数名词 that such 形容词 复数名词 that 注意 但当little表示 小 时用such 如 These are such little boys that they can t dress t hemselves 下列so的用法是错误的 so a difficult problem so difficult problems so hot weather B some any every no each all another several few many one two such n eg no such word 3 be too much n be much too adj be too much for sb 对 太过分了 4 can t be too adj can t be adj enough 无论 都不为过 You can never be careful enough You can never be too careful 你越小心越好 练习练习与巩固与巩固 选择最佳答案填空 选择最佳答案填空 1 Don t worry sir I m sure I can run to catch up with them A slowly enough B enough slowly C fast enough D enough fast 2 The text is very easy for you There are new words in it A a few B a little C few D little 3 It s such an film that all the students are in it A interesting interested B interested interesting C interesting interesting D interested interested interested 4 Mingming got up very so he came to school half an hour A late lately B lately late C lately lately D late late 5 I am worried about y parents healthy conditions A some times B sometime C sometimes D some times 6 We don t have every day A a lot of school works B many school work C any school works D much school work 7 Look How fast the two horses are running Oh yes They are nearly A up and down B slower and slower C more or less D neck and neck 8 children there are in family their life will be A The less the better B The fewer the better C Fewer richer D More poorer 9 Most of the people in Guangdong are getting A more and more rich B more rich and more rich C richer and richer D richer and richest 10 Which lesson is this one or that one A difficult B much difficult C more difficult D the most difficult 11 A accident happened at 7 30 a m said the policeman A serious serious B seriously seriously C seriously serious D serious seriously 12 is it from our school to Lupu Bridge A How long B How often C How far D How much 13 In our city it is in July but it is even in August A hotter hottest B hot hot C hotter hot D hot hotter 14 This pencil is that one A so long as B as longer as C longer than D not as longest as 15 The station is two kilometers the hospital A away to B far away C far from D away from 16 Beijing has many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours A so B very C too D much 17 This box is heavy I can t carry it A too to B so that C very that D too that 18 India has the second population in the world A larger B most C smallest D largest 19 Mary received many postcards at Christmas A so B such C too D even 20 The cake smells Please throw it away A good B badly C bad D well 21 What was the weather like yesterday It was terrible It rained so that people could go out A hardly hard B hardly hardly C hard hardly D hard hard 22 The meeting will be held in half an hour but they haven t got everything ready A ever B already C yet D still 23 What about the English novel It s not very difficult There are only new words in it A few B a few C many D a little 24 How beautiful she sings I ve never heard A the better voice B a good voice C the best voice D a better voice 25 Mr Smith always has to tell us A some good pieces of news B some pieces of good news C some good piece of news D some piece of good new 26 I m afraid the headmaster is busy to meet the visitors A too much B much too C so much D very much 27 Dad when will you be free You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago I am sorry Jean But I think I will have a holiday soon A four days B four day C four days D four day 28 The scenery in Sanya looks especially Tian Ya Hai Jiao is A well best B fine the most famous C nice better D beautifully the best 29 What a day it is Let s go out for a walk A windy B lovely C rainy D cloudy 30 Of the two Australian students Masha is one I think you can find her easily A tallest B the taller C taller D the tallest Key 1 5 CCADC 6 10 DDBCC 11 15 DCDCD 16 20 ABDAC 21 25 CCADB 26 30 BBBBB Homework 选择最佳答案填空 选择最佳答案填空 1 John told me that nothing important have ever happened A hardly B rarely C nearly D almost 2 Why don t you like the shirt Its neck is not big for me at all Have you got a shirt of this kind with neck A the biggest B a far bigger C by far the biggest D a more bigger 3 The temperature today is 10 below zero Oh it s cold A the most B the more C most D much more 4 Do you think him naughty enough I m afraid he s than naughty A more clever B clever C much clever D much more clever 5 Exercise is as any other to lose unwanted weight A so useful a wayB as a useful way C as useful a way D such a useful way 6 What s wrong You seem restless I was reduced to paying price for it A double the B double of the C double D double of 7 the boys were shouting and singing A Happy and excited B Happily and excitedly C To be happy and excited D To be happily and excitedly 8 I m glad to say that he s already finished 50 of the book in these three days A no less than B no more than C not more than D much less than 9 I ll get there by six if A not sooner B no sooner C not more quickly D no quick 10 The US is about the same size as China but its population is five times A as little B smaller C as few D fewer 11 Is this book Yes it s what I m after A the very just B the just exactly C a very just D the right only 12 He has given up drinking He drinks A never again B not any more C no more D once again 13 He hurried away to meet his old friend A looking forwardB hoped C anxiously D eager 14 Everything was very expensive I didn t buy fruit but I ve got some apples A any big red B any red big C much big red D some red big 15 Are you going to the football game No the tickets are expensive for me A very much B so much C far too D highly 16 We ll have to wait a two weeks to know the examination result A other B further C another D more 17 The little town has now grown into a modern big city and is what it used to be A twice the size than B two times the size as C twice the size as D twice the size of 18 The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped A the ill B the wounded C the brave D the rich 19 He likes going fishing He usually uses a A bamboo long fishing pole B long bamboo fishing pole C pole long bamboo and fishing D bamboo fishing long pole 20 He was the at that