古筝英文介绍

TheThe Zheng Zheng 筝筝 isis a a traditionaltraditional ChineseChinese musicalmusical instrument instrument ItIt belongsbelongs toto thethe zitherzither familyfamily ofof stringstring instruments instruments ItIt spreadspread veryvery widelywidely andand alreadyalready hashas beenbeen twotwo thousandthousand yearsyears ofof history Sohistory So wewe alsoalso callcall themthem Guzheng Guzheng 古筝 古筝 筝是中国的传统乐器 它属于弦类乐器的一种 流传很广 至今已有 2000 年的 历史 所以我们也叫它古筝 TheThe modern daymodern day guzhengguzheng isis a a pluckedplucked 拨弦 拨弦 withwith movablemovable bridgesbridges 筝码 筝码 andand 2121 strings strings 弦弦 TheThe guzheng sguzheng s stringsstrings werewere formerlyformerly mademade ofof twistedtwisted silk silk thoughthough byby thethe 20th20th centurycentury mostmost playersplayers usedused metalmetal 金 金 属 属 stringsstrings SinceSince thethe mid 20thmid 20th centurycentury mostmost performersperformers useuse steelsteel 钢 钢 的 的 stringsstrings flatwoundflatwound withwith nylon nylon 现今的古筝是有由 21 根弦和可移动的筝码组成的拨弦乐器 早先的弦由丝线搓 成的 20 世纪很多演奏者使用金属弦 到了 20 世纪中期更多的演奏者使用钢 的尼龙弦 TheThe GuzhengGuzheng shouldshould notnot toto bebe confusedconfused withwith thethe Guqin anotherGuqin another ancientancient ChineseChinese zitherzither butbut withoutwithout bridges bridges 古筝要和古琴区分开 因为古琴是没有琴码的 TheThe guzhengguzheng hashas existedexisted sincesince thethe WarringWarring StatesStates PeriodPeriod 战国时代 战国时代 andand becamebecame especiallyespecially popularpopular duringduring thethe QinQin dynastydynasty 秦朝 秦朝 The The ancientancient guzhengguzheng hadhad 1212 strings Nowadaysstrings Nowadays TheThe 21 string21 string zhengzheng isis thethe mostmost commonlycommonly used used butbut somesome traditionaltraditional musiciansmusicians stillstill useuse thethe 16 16 string string especiallyespecially alongalong thethe southeasternsoutheastern coastal coastal 沿海沿海 provincesprovinces ofof ChinaChina andand inin Taiwan Taiwan 古筝的起源可以追溯到战国时代 在秦朝变得流行 古代的古筝只有 12 根弦 现在的 21 弦古筝广泛被使用 但是一些传统的流派依然使用 16 弦的 特别是 东南沿海省份还有台湾 ThereThere areare manymany techniquestechniques usedused inin thethe playingplaying ofof thethe guzheng guzheng includingincluding basicbasic pluckingplucking actionsactions right right oror bothboth hands hands atat thethe rightright portionportion andand pressingpressing actionsactions atat thethe leftleft portionportion by by thethe leftleft handhand asas wellwell asas tremolotremolo TheseThese techniquestechniques ofof playingplaying thethe guzhengguzheng cancan createcreate soundssounds thatthat cancan evokeevoke thethe sensesense ofof a a cascadingcascading waterfall waterfall thunderthunder andand eveneven thethe scenicscenic countryside countryside 古筝演奏有很多技巧 包括右手或两只手在筝码右边的拨弦动作 左手在左侧 按压琴弦使声音发生改变的技巧例如颤音 这些技巧能够制造出瀑布 雷电 自然世界的意境 PluckingPlucking isis donedone mainlymainly byby thethe rightright handhand withwith fourfour pickspicks 假指甲 假指甲 attachedattached toto thethe fingers fingers AdvancedAdvanced playersplayers maymay useuse pickspicks attachedattached toto thethe fingersfingers ofof bothboth hands hands AncientAncient pickspicks werewere mademade ofof ivory ivory 象牙 象牙 andand laterlater alsoalso fromfrom tortoisetortoise shell shell 龟壳 龟壳 通常右手的四个手指带四个指甲拨弦 有的演奏者两只手都会带指甲 古代的 指甲由象牙制成 后来也用龟壳制作 TheThe guzheng sguzheng s pentatonicpentatonic scalescale 五声音阶 五声音阶 isis tunedtuned toto Do Do Re Re Mi Mi SoSo andand La La butbut FaFa andand TiTi cancan alsoalso bebe producedproduced byby pressingpressing thethe stringsstrings toto thethe leftleft ofof thethe bridges bridges WellWell knownknown piecespieces forfor thethe instrumentinstrument includeinclude YuYu ZhouZhou ChangChang WanWan Singing Singing atat nightnight onon fishingfishing boat boat GaoGao ShanShan LiuLiu ShuiShui High High mountainsmountains flowingflowing water water andand HanHan GongGong QiuQiu YueYue Han Han palacepalace autumnautumn moon moon 古筝是五声音阶 12356 47 是由右手拨弦同时左手揉弦的基础上产生的 我们 所熟悉的筝曲有渔舟唱晚 高山流水 汉宫秋月 Nowadays manyNowadays many popularpopular elmentselments togethertogether withwith guzhengguzheng bringbring usus a a fantasticfantastic Feeling Let sFeeling Let s enjoyenjoy a a piecepiece ofof musicmusic together together 诗歌是一种抒情言志的文学体裁 毛诗 大序 载 诗者 志之所之也 在心为志 发言 为诗 南宋严羽 沧浪诗话 云 诗者 吟咏性情也 只有一种用言语表达的艺术就是诗 歌 中国古代不合乐的称为诗 合乐的称为歌 现代一般统称为诗歌 它按照一定的音节 韵 律的要求 表现社会生活和人的精神世界 诗的起源可以追溯到上古 虞舜时期就有相关 文献记载 诗经 是我国第一部诗歌总集 相传为孔子所整理 关于这个问题学术界尚 有争论 中国古代诗歌历经汉魏六朝乐府 唐诗 宋词 元曲之发展