中考英语《形容词和副词》考点归纳

1 中考英语 形容词和副词 考点归纳 中考英语对形容词和副词的考查非常广泛 既可能考查形容词和副词的用法区别 也 可能考查相似形容词和副词的用法辨析 既可能考查比较等级的构成与用法 也可能考查比 较等级的搭配与修饰词 既可能从语法角度考查其用法 也可能设置特定的语境进行考查 因此 同学们在复习时 一定要引起足够的重视 一 考查形容词词缀构成 真题链接 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1 2016 年荆州卷 I m busy these days Hanging out with friends is almost possible for me now 2 2016 年长春卷 The seat is hard and comfortable to sit on so I have a sore back 3 2016 年上海卷 Be care not to touch the paintings in the museum Mum said 4 2016 年扬州卷 We are sorry to hear that you are not satisfy with your new car 解析 1 impossible 句意为 这些天我很忙 和朋友出去闲逛对我来说几乎是不可能的 根 据句意可知 空格处应填 possible 的反义词 impossible 2 uncomfortable 句意为 这个座位很硬并且坐在上面不舒服 所以我背痛 根据句意 可知 空格处应填 comfortable 的反义词 uncomfortable 3 careful 根据语境可知 空格处应填形容词 care 是名词 其形容词形式是 careful 4 satisfied be satisfied with 意为 对 感到满意 satisfy 的形容词形式为 satisfied 知识链接 中考对形容词词缀的考查主要包括 表示否定意义的形容词前缀有 un im in ir dis 等 如 necessary unnecessary polite impolite correct incorrect regular irregular honest dishonest 表示肯定意义的形容词后缀有 ful al y able ed 等 如 help helpful nature natural health healthy comfort comfortable worry worried 表示否定意义的形容词后缀有 less 等 如 use useless end endless 二 考查形容词和形容词短语辨析 一 各个选项词义不同 真题链接 1 2017 年安徽卷 My deskmate is really She likes to attend different activities after school A active B quiet C lazy D honest 2 2017 年德州卷 As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test I felt at once A angry B relaxed C afraid D nervous 解析 1 A 句意为 我的同桌真活跃 放学后她喜欢参加不同的活动 active 意为 积极的 活跃的 符合语境 2 B 根据语境可知 主句意为 我立即感到很放松 relaxed 意为 放松的 得到休息 2 的 自在的 符合语境 应试技巧 分析题干时 注意各个选项的不同词义 同时结合题干的具体语境 从而选出最佳答 案 二 各个选项为近义词 真题链接 3 2016 年自贡卷 When you feel helpless and just remember you are not in the world because your friends are around you A alone alone B alone lonely C lonely alone 解析 3 C alone 可用作形容词 意为 独自的 单独的 只能作表语 强调客观上仅一 人 无人陪伴 alone 也可用作副词 意为 独自地 单独地 常作状语 lonely 只作形容 词 意为 孤独的 寂寞的 强调心灵上的孤独寂寞 在句中既可作定语 也可作表语 lonely 作定语还可以修饰地点名词 意为 荒凉的 偏僻的 本题两个空均作表语 第一 空强调主观情况 而第二空强调客观情况 故选 C 应试技巧 对于考查近义形容词 我们既要掌握相关近义词的区别 又要把近义词的区别与题干 的语境和在空格处的作用紧密结合起来 三 分词形容词辨析 真题链接 4 2016 年恩施卷 The show on Zhejiang TV Running Men makes lots of people A interesting relaxing B interesting relaxed C interested relaxed 解析 4 B 句意为 浙江电视台播放的有趣节目 奔跑吧兄弟 让许多人感到轻松 第一空 应填 interesting 意为 有趣的 在句中作表语 第二空应填 relaxed 意为 感到放松的 在句中作宾语补足语 故选 B 知识链接 分词形容词指的是 V ing 或过去分词构成的形容词 V ing 类的形容词常用来描述事物 本身的特征 主语通常是物 过去分词构成的形容词常用来描述人对事物的感受 主语通常 是人 如 amazing 令人惊异的 amazed 惊奇的 吃惊的 boring 无聊的 烦人的 bored 令人厌烦的 interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 pleasing 令人愉快的 pleased 高兴的 relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 放松的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 满意的 surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 惊讶的 tiring 令人厌倦的 tired 疲劳的 worrying 令人担心的 worried 担心的 四 形容词短语辨析 真题链接 5 2016 年烟台卷 Many teenagers don t like to talk with their parents But I am them I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents A the same as B different from C interested in D angry with 6 2015 年德州卷 Who is your favorite singer Mike TF Boys They are very boys and girls A proud of B popular with C strict with D worried about 3 解析 5 B 根据语境可知 但是我与他们不同 前后句意思转折 故空格处应填 different from 符合题意 6 B 句意为 迈克 你最喜欢的歌手是谁 是 TF Boys 他们非常受男孩和女孩的 欢迎 be popular with 意为 受 欢迎 符合题意 知识链接 常用的形容词短语有 be get used to 习惯于 be afraid of 害怕 be bad for 对 有害 be busy with 忙于 be different from 与 不同 与 有差异 be excited about 对 感到兴奋 be famous known as 作为 而著名 以 而出名 be good at 在 方面做得好 擅长 be good for 对 有益 be good with 灵巧 的 善于应付 的 be interested in 对 感兴趣 be late for 迟到 be made from 用 制造的 从成品中看不出原材料 be made of 用 制造的 从成品中仍可 看得出原材料 be proud of 为 感到自豪 be strict in sth 对某事很严格 be strict with sb 对某人严格 be worried about 对 担心 等 三 考查副词的构成 真题链接 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1 2017 年临沂卷 There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change You should wash your hands careful exercise eat and sleep well 2 2016 年泰州卷 I m sorry I complete forgot that it was your birthday yesterday Never mind 3 2016 年长春卷 The math problem isn t difficult and I can work it out easy 解析 1 carefully 句意为 你应该认真地洗手 锻炼 饮食和好好休息 空格处要用副词修 饰 wash one s hand 在句中作状语 careful 的副词形式为 carefully 2 completely 句意为 很抱歉 我完全忘记了昨天是你的生日 空格处要用副词修饰 后面的动词 forgot complete 的副词形式为 completely 3 easily 句意为 这道数学题不难 我能毫不费力地解出来 空格处要用副词修饰 work out 在句中作状语 easy 的副词形式为 easily 知识链接 形容词加后缀 ly 构成副词 分以下几种情况 大多数词直接在词尾加 ly 如 quiet quietly 令以 1e 结尾的 去 e 加 y 如 comfortable omfortably 以 e 结尾的直接加 1y 如 close closely 但 true truly 除外 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的要将 y 改为 i 再加 1y 如 easy easily 温馨提示 部分含有 1y 后缀的是形容词 如 friendly 友好的 友爱的 lonely 孤独的 寂寞的 likely 可能的 lovely 可爱的 美丽的 迷人的 lively 活泼的 生气勃勃的 ugly 丑 陋的 难看的 等 四 考查副词辨析 真题链接 1 2017 年安徽卷 There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui Mount Huang in autumn 4 A simply B finally C luckily D especially 2 2017 年泰安卷 It rained and lasted for a long time yesterday Too bad Even some streets were full of water A hardly B strongly C terrible D heavily 3 2017 年南京卷 Would you like some green tea No thanks I drink green tea It hurts my stomach A almost B seldom C only D still 4 2017 年江西卷 Sleeping is a good thing but some people sleep A easily B badly C quickly D well 5 2017 年重庆 A 卷 We ll have to say goodbye my dear friends But I will forget the days we spent together A always B often C never D usually 6 2016 年常州卷 The coach thinks of Mary s sports talents for she jumped very at the sports meeting A high high B highly highly C high highly D highly high 解析 1 D 句意为 在安徽有许多美丽的地方值得一游 特别是秋天的黄山 especially 意为 特别地 符合语境 2 D 句意为 昨天雨下得很大 并且持续了很长时间 太糟糕了 甚至某些街道上 都是水 heavily 意为 猛烈地 符合语境 3 B 句意为 你想要一些绿茶吗 不用 谢谢 我很少喝绿茶 它伤胃 seldom 意 为 很少 符合语境 4 B 句意为 睡眠是一件很好的事 但是一些人睡觉很糟糕 badly 意为 糟糕地 符合语境 5 C 后句句意为 但是我不会忘记我们一起度过的日子 never 意为 从不 符合语 境 6 D o high 高 既可作形容词 也可作副词 表示具体意义 highly 只作副词 意为 高度地 表抽象意义 think highly of 意为 高度地赞扬 第二句中 她跳得非常高 表示具体的高 用副词 high 故选 D 五 考查形容词与副词辨析 真题链接 1 2016 年青岛卷 we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai A Lucky B Luckily C Unlucky D Unluckily 2 2015 年呼和浩特卷 What do you think of the woman singer Her voice sounds I like her songs A sweet B sweetly C bad D badly 3 2015 年凉山卷 The fish tastes we have eaten it up It is certain that she cooked it A good well B well good C well well D good good 解析 1 B 句意为 幸运的是 我们在泰山的山顶看到了日出 空格处在句中作状语 结合 语境可知 Luckily 符合题意 5 2 A 句意为 她的声音 听起来 很甜美 我喜欢她的歌曲 系动词 sounds 之后需要接 形容词作表语 结合语境可知 sweet 符合题意 3 A 句意为 这鱼尝起来很好 我们把它吃光了 毫无疑问的是她做得好 taste 作系动词 后常跟形容词作表语 修饰动词 cook 要用副词 well 在句中作状语 综上所述 选 A 应试技巧 答题时 我们应该首先分析空格处在句中所作的成分 然后把选项的词义与题干的语 境结合起来 从而确定最佳答案 六 考查形容词与副词在句中的位置 真题链接 1 2017 年长沙卷 There s in the city Why not have a picnic in the countryside Great Daweishan Mountain might be a good choice A interesting something B nothing interesting C anything interesting 2 2015 年龙东卷 All the students in the classroom do their homework A enough careful B careful enough C carefully enough 解析 1 B 形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置 可排除 A 项 依据 Why not have a picnic in the countryside 可知 前句意思应为 在这个城市里没有什么有趣的 故选 B 2 C 句意为 这个班上所有的学生做家庭作业都足够认真 修饰 do one s homework 要 用副词 carefully enough 修饰 carefully 要后置 故选 C 知识链接 形容词修饰由 some any no every 和 body one thing 所构成的不定代词时要放 在其后 enough 用作副词时 一般要放在所修饰的形容词或副词的后面 形容词 副词 enough to do sth 为固定结构 七 考查形容词和副词原级的常用句式 真题链接 1 2017 年宿迁卷 Daniel is his twin brother They are both 1 75 metres tall A taller than B shorter than C as tall as D so tall as 2 2016 年鄂州卷 Did John get Number 1 in the math exam 一 Yes no one did so as him A good B well C better D best 3 2017 年连云港卷 It s really him to drive after drinking so much wine A crazy of B gentle of C brave for D wise for 4 2016 年安顺卷 Mom can I do much work in a short time Dear I think you can A so so B such so C so such D such such 5 2017 年扬州卷 Mrs White is enough to spend her spare time on our maths problems A confident B curious C wise D generous 6 2017 年泰安卷 一 exciting the speech about Belt and Road was 6 Of course It was a really great inspiration to the world A How B What C How a D What an 解析 1 C 根据后句 他们都是 1 75 米高 可知 前句句意为 丹尼尔和他的双胞胎兄弟一 样高 C 项与题意相符 2 B 句意为 约翰在数学考试中得了第一名吗 是的 没人做得和他一样好 此处 修饰动词 did 要用副词 又因为 not as so 形容词或副词原级 as 为固定句式 故空 格处应填副词的原级 3 A 句意为 对他来说 喝了那么多酒后开车是发疯的 crazy 意为 发疯的 用来 描述他的品质 符合语境 4 C 句意为 妈妈 我能在这么短的时间内做这么多的工作吗 亲爱的 我认为你 能 so 这么 如此 常用于形容词和副词之前 such 这么 如此 常用于名词之前 可 数名词前加 a 或 an 根据句意第一空在 much 前用 so 第二空在 time 名词前用 such 故选 C 5 D 句意为 怀特夫人很慷慨 把她的空闲时间都花在我们的数学问题上 generous 意为 慷慨的 大方的 符合语境 6 A 根据句式 How 十形容词或副词 主语 谓语 可知 How 符合题意 知识链接 形容词和副词原级的常用句式 It s 形容词 for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说 形容词描述事物的特征或 特点 如 easy hard difficult important necessary impossible interesting 等 It s 形容词 of sb to do sth 某人做某事是 形容词描述的是不定式逻辑主语 的品质或特征 如 good kind nice wise clever careful polite foolish 等 too to 太 而不能 形容词或副词十 enough to do sth so 形容词或副词 that 十其他 such a an 形容词 名词 that 其他 can t 其他 too 形容词或副词 无论怎样 都不为过 as 形容词或副词的原级 as 和 一样 not as so 形容词或副词的原级 as 比较对象 表示前者不如后者 What a an 形容词十名词 主语 谓语 How 形容词或副词 主语 谓语 How 形容词 a an 可数名词 主语 谓语 八 考查形容词和副词的比较级 一 在具体语境中考查比较级 真题链接 1 2017 年安徽卷 What do you think of the movie Great I have never seen a one A good B bad C better D worse 2 2017 年德州卷 I ve read through this book several times but I will read it so as to get better understanding A more bravely B less easily C less confidently D more carefully 解析 7 1 C 根据语境 太棒了 我从来没见过比这更好的了 可知 better 与题意相符 2 D 根据语境 以便获得更好的理解 可知 空格处应填 more carefully 更加仔细 地 与题意相符 应试技巧 对于在语境中考查比较级 分析语境和空格处是否暗含比较的语气是准确答题的关键 二 在常用句式中考查比较级 真题链接 1 2016 年长春卷 I hope my school life of senior high will be than that of junior high A more exciting B very exciting C as exciting as D the most exciting 2 2016 年永州卷 Which subject do you like English or math Of course English A well B better C best 3 2016 年达州卷 Roy never likes junk food Neither do I That s probably why I m becoming now A healthy and weak B healthier and healthier C weaker and weaker D more and more healthily 4 2017 年青岛卷 we work at English the better grades we will get A Harder B The hardest C Hardest D The harder 5 2014 年杭州卷 Of the two shirts I d like to choose the one to save money for a cap A cheapest B cheaper C more expensive D most expensive 解析 1 A 根据 than 可知空格处应用比较级 2 B 问句句式为 Which 谓语 比较级 A or B 故选 B 3 B becoming 后接形容词 由此可排除 D 项 此外该句句式为 比较级 and 比较级 结合语境可知 B 项符合题意 4 D 句意为 我们学习英语越刻苦 就会取得越好的成绩 the 比较级 是比较 级的常见句式 表示 越 就越 5 B 题干为句式 the 形容词比较级 其他 of the two 名词 的省略形式 因此 cheaper 符合题意 知识链接 比较级的常用句式 形容词或副词的比较级 than 其他 比 更 less 原级 than 比 更不 不如 比较级 than any other 单数名词 其他 比较级 than any 单数名词 其他 不在同一范围内比较 8 Which Who 谓语 比较级 A or B A 和 B 哪一个更 比较级 and 比较级 越来越 the 比较级 主语 谓语 the 比较级 主语 谓语 越 就越 the 形容词比较级 其他 of the two 名词 两者中较 的一个 九 考查形容词和副词的最高级 一 在语境中考查形容词和副词最高级 真题链接 1 2017 年江西卷 I want to buy a shirt But I have a little money The shirts here are all very cheap And the yellow one is Do you like it A cheap B cheaper C the cheapest D expensive 2 2016 年巴中卷 This is fascinating town I have ever visited Yes I ve never seen a one A the worst bigger B the most better C the better best 解析 1 C 根据语境 这儿的衬衫都很便宜 这件黄色的是最便宜的 你喜欢它吗 可知 空白处应填形容词的最高级形式 2 B 句意为 这是我参观过的最迷人的城镇 是的 我从没看到过比这更好的 第一空要用最高级 可排除 C 项 否定词与比较级连用可表示最高级含义 第二空用比较级 另根据题意 故选 B 应试技巧 当三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较时才使用最高级 这是判断是否应该使用最高 级的依据 二 在句式中考查形容词和副词最高级 真题链接 1 2016 年临沂卷 Mr Wang is very friendly to us He is of all the persons I know A patient B less patient C more patient D the most patient 2 2015 年广安卷 Who does homework Tom Jack or Bill Bill A more carefully B more careful C most carefully D most careful 3 2016 年乌鲁木齐卷 Do you think Peng Mama is one of first ladies in the world Yes she is more attractive than any other first lady A the most fascinating a few B the fascinating a lot C the most fascinating even D most fascinating many 解析 1 D 句意为 他是我认识的最有耐心的人 空格处应用最高级 2 C Who 谓语 the 最高级 A B or C 为固定句式 意为 A B C 三者 哪一个 最 选 C 3 C 句意 你认为彭妈妈是世界上最迷人的第一夫人吗 是的 她甚至比其他所有 9 第一夫人都更有吸引力 one of 形容词最高级 复数名词 意为 最 之一 另外 a lot 和 even 可修饰形容词的比较级 但 a few 和 many 却不能 综上所述 选 C 知识链接 最高级的常用结构 the 最高级 in of among 比较范围 Who Which 谓语 the 最高级 A B or C A B C 三者 哪一个最 be one of among the 形容词最高级 复数名词 最 之一 十 考查形容词和副词比较等级的修饰语 真题链接 1 2017 年重庆 A 卷 Jane has become much than before She can express herself in public now A brave B braver C lazy D lazier 2 2016 年广东卷 Among the four seas off the coast of China East China Sea is the second A deep B deeper C deepest D the deepest 解析 1 B much 修饰比较级 可排除 A C 项 根据语境可知前句意为 简已经变得比以前 更加勇敢 空格处应填 braver 2 C 句意为 在中国的四大海洋中 东海是第二深的海洋 the second 常用于修饰形 容词的最高级 表示 第二 故选 C 知识链接 常用于修饰比较级的词或短语有 a bit a little a lot any even far much no rather 等 常用于修饰最高级的词或短语有 almost the second 等 如 Of all the students Betty s Chinese is almost the best 即时演练 一 从 A B C D 四个选项中 选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项 1 The clothes store is on weekends I see I ll go there next Monday then A closed B open C close D opened 2 I think listening is just as as speaking in language learning Yes I agree with you A the most important B more important C most important D important 3 Jeremy Lin is as a NBA player and he is very with young people in China A famous famous B famous popular C popular popular D popular busy 4 Of the two Australian students Masha is one I think you can find her easily A tallest B the taller C taller D the tallest 5 Bob often says that swimming is than hiking in reducing weight but he always spends more time in swimming A less useful B less interesting C more useful D more interesting 6 What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei Wonderful I think it s than the other films about youth in recent years 10 A the best B the worst C much better D much worst 7 My neighbor is so that he enjoys meeting and talking to people A shy B outgoing C quiet D smart 8 There isn t much traffic around his house He lives in a neighborhood A noisy B dirty C close D quiet 9 Is the child any better today I think so His temperature seems now A high B normal C low D special 10 The old man was so the good news that he couldn t say a word A excited about B worried about C interested in D afraid of 11 Many people think that the pop song Gangnam Style sounds but others don t like it at all A wonderfully B terribly C wonderful D terrible 12 一 I think maths isn t as as Chinese I agree with you I think Chinese is than any other subject A easier easiest B easier easier C easy easier D hard the most difficult 13 Between the travel plans I d like the one with a price because I don t have so much money A higher B lower C cheaper D more expensive 14 The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet gets us A less B more C closer D farther 15 Oh I m thirsty Mum can I have the juice in the bottle No It tastes A terribly B terrible C good D well 16 Jin Yong is one of the greatest writers Reading his books brings my life A living alive B living living C alive living D alive alive 17 Thanks to our government more and more farmers are getting in China A more and more rich B richer and richer C more rich and more rich D richer and richest 18 To live a low carbon life we should save energy and produce pollution A less more B more less C least most D most least 19 Pudong International Airport is one of airports in the world A big B bigger C biggest D the biggest 20 In our city it s in July but it is even in August A hotter hottest B hot hot C hotter hot D hot hotter 21 How do you like the food 11 Great It not only looks nice but also smells A terrible B well C lovely D delicious 22 Remember this children careful you are mistakes you will make We know Miss Gao A The more the more B The fewer the more C The more the fewer D The less the less 23 Mr Green I don t think we can get there on time by bike You mean it s for us to take a taxi A necessary B important C possible D difficult 24 Are you busy Can you have a talk with me I just want a word with you A private B certain C single D new 25 What do you think of the movie The Life of Pi It s one that I ve ever seen A more exciting B more excited C the most exciting D the most excited 26 The problem is for him to work out But he can do it if you give him time A easy enough little B hard enough enough C enough easy few D enough hard much 27 Lucy and Lily are not the same height Lucy is taller than Lily And Lily is shorter than Lucy A much a little B a lot a little C much a bit D a little a bit 28 Although he is at home he doesn t feel for he has many things to do A alone lonely B lonely alone C alone alone D lonely lonely 29 When we heard the news about Mr Jobs death we all were A surprised surprised B surprising surprised C surprising surprising D surprised surprising 30 I don t believe you any more unless you give me some explanation A farther B farthest C furthest D further 31 As we all know you hit the horse it will go A hard fast B the hard the fast C the harder the faster D harder faster 32 Look at the bird over there It s so beautiful It s an unusual kind It appears here A always B usually C seldom D often 12 33 Tom did very badly Mike did than Tom Mark did of the three A better worst B worse worst C worse the best D better the worst 34 Don t talk Your brother is sleeping now OK I won t A aloud B hardly C loudly D hard 35 Wow We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so Nothing strange I practice dancing for over two hours every day A useful B usefully C quick D quickly 36 Wang Lei is playing his iPhone but his father looks unhappy A lovely B friendly C happily D politely 37 No matter what happens the fact that Diaoyu Island belongs to China will change A ever B never C still D hardly 38 I am not sure which tie to wear for the party God I have no idea A either B also C too D neither 39 It s raining so that there are any people in the street A heavily hard B hard hard C heavily hardly D hardly hardly 40 Tom doesn t do his homework So he always makes some mistakes A careful enough B enough careful C carefully enough D enough carefully 41 Mary is a careless girl She didn t do her homework Ann A so careful as B so carefully as C as careful as D as more carefully as 42 What do you think of his surfing Oh no one does A good B well C better D best 43 Do you have your summer plan Bill Well I want to go to relax with my family A interesting somewhere B nowhere interesting C somewhere interesting D interesting nowhere 44 I think our chemistry teacher is working hard He teaches us 一 Yes but he hasn t come today He doesn t feel A good well B good good C well good D well well 45 Though he started late Mr Guo played the piano as well as if than Miss Liu A not better B no better C as good D so good 46 Is this physics problem 13 一 Yes I m able to work it