《傲慢与偏见》

学学 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 傲慢与偏见 姓姓 名 名 学学 号 号 指指导导教教师师 学学 院院 专专 业 业 完完成成日日期期 学校代码 10904 学学 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 傲慢与偏见 姓姓 名 名 学学 号 号 指指导导教教师师 学学 院院 专专 业 业 完完成成日日期期 枣庄学院学士学位论文作者声明 本人声明 本人呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下取得 的研究成果 对前人及其他人员对本文的启发和贡献已在论文 中作出了明确的声明 并表示了谢意 论文中除了特别加以标 注和致谢的地方外 不包含其他人和其它机构已经发表或者撰 写过的研究成果 本人同意学校根据 中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办 法 等有关规定保留本人学位论文并向国家有关部门或资料库 送交论文或者电子版 允许论文被查阅和借阅 本人授权枣庄 学院可以将本人学位论文的全部或者部分内容编入有关数据库 进行检索 可以采用影印 缩印或者其它复制手段和汇编学位 论文 保密论文在解密后应遵守此规定 作者签名 闵晗 日期 2012 年 7 月 5 日 i 摘 要 傲慢与偏见 是简 奥斯汀一部畅销世界各地的小说 它特殊的历史年 代决定了那时的人们过分看重金钱 即使是在对待自己的婚姻大事上 这篇文 章通过几位人物对婚姻的抉择 分析了金钱如何影响婚姻的价值取向 傲慢与偏见 讲述的是班纳特家的姐妹和她们朋友的故事 以及她们如 何寻找自己丈夫的事 毫无疑问 伊丽莎白是简 奥斯汀最喜欢的人物之一 因为她所追求的婚姻是作者心中理想的婚姻 通读全文 我们不难发现金钱是 每个细节发生的原因 并是全文发展的主要线索 作者奥斯汀深刻地揭示了物 质因素对婚姻和恋爱中男女的关系的影响 众所周知 爱情是婚姻的基础 但 是在作者生活的年代背景下 良好的经济基础对婚姻是至关重要的 我们可以通过这本小说将婚姻分为几种典型并且分析这几种婚姻观的价值 取向 有些人认为婚姻是用来创造机会去提高自己的社会地位和获得金钱支撑 金钱与社会地位是他们选择伴侣时考虑的最密切联系的东西 婚姻是一座城 男女主角达西和伊丽莎白那样的人却愿意完全摒除偏见与傲慢心甘情愿地进入 这座城 所以爱情的力量是伟大的 可以让人丢掉傲慢与偏见去重新认识并且 接受一个人 本文主要透过分析女主人共伊丽莎白对于几段婚姻的看法来分析 这本书的婚姻观 通过对伊丽莎白的性格分析来帮助我们解读者个性格独立而 又睿智的女主角从而可以更加透彻的了解作者的作品 关键词 傲慢与偏见 钱 价值取向 婚姻 观点 ii Abstract Pride and prejudice is a very popular novel written by Jane Austen and it is read widely all over the world It was written in 1813 That specific history time decided that people at that time took money much more seriously even on their marriage In this paper the marriage cases of most characters in the book were taken as typical to analyze how money influenced their matrimonial value orientation The story is about the Bennet sisters and their friends and their search for suitable husband It is no doubt that Elizabeth is her favorite character for the marriage Elizabeth pursues is the ideal marriage in the author s view After reading through Pride and prejudice we will find that money acts as the cause of each plot and the clue of its development Austen deeply discloses the physical reason of the decision of marriage and the relationship between men and women in love We main agronomic characters of the marriage as a typical cases in books how to influence their marriage value orientation of money Some people may realize that marriage can provide opportunities of class mobility and financial support money and class are thus closely connected in their decision of marital partners If marriage is a castle but the hero and heroine is like Darcy and Elizabeth such person so even a not pleasing to begin their mutual see each other bias and ultimately willing to be trapped in such a city The power of love is great it can let a hate in human love change can let you cast prejudice and re know and accept a person Key words Pride and Prejudice money value orientation marriage view I Contents Chapter One Introduction 1 1 1 Background 1 Chapter Two The analysis of Elizabeth s character 2 Chapter Three Elizabeth s views about marriage 4 3 1The most realistic marriage Charlotte s marriage 4 3 2 The most ridiculous marriage Lydia s marriage 4 3 3 The most happy marriage Jane s marriage 5 3 4 The most admirable marriage Elizabeth s marriage 5 Chapter Four the Love Elizabeth Pursues is Mature Love 6 4 1 What is mature love 6 4 1 1 Care in Elizabeth s love 6 4 1 2 Responsibility in Elizabeth s love 7 4 1 3 Respect in Elizabeth s love 7 4 1 4 Understanding in Elizabeth s love 7 Chapter Five Conclusion 9 Bibliography 10 Acknowledgement 11 傲慢与偏见 1 Chapter One Introduction 1 11 1 BackgroundBackground Pride and prejudice is a very popular novel written by Jane Austen and it is read widely all over the world It was written in 1813 That specific history time decided that people at that time took money much more seriously even on their marriage Marriage is the subject in this novel But the love in this novel is not a pure one The ideal love in this novel contains small but complete factors among which money plays the leading role The story of Pride and Prejudice took place in the time of the Regency in Britain At that time Britain was at the period of transition from the earlier stage of Capitalism to Capitalist Industrialization In the countryside the aristocratic family still held great power and right that country squires were likely to fawn upon them However as the development of Capitalism and the development of the rank of rich people the distinction between social strata was becoming smaller and smaller while money was getting more and more important in people s mind about social value A western literature critic once said that even David Ricardo a British economist had a unlikely clearer understanding about the function of money in daily life as Jane Austen had 朱虹 1985 It is exactly because of the secure pledge in finance that the country squire society could existing strongly and solidly The main object of Jane s satire in the novel is the mercenary and the ignorance of the people a common criticism of the 18th century The first sentence in this novel is impressive It reads It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife Sun 83 The undertone is very clear the foundation of the marriage at that time is not love but possession 傲慢与偏见 2 Chapter Two The analysis of Elizabeth s character Elizabeth Bennet is a person worthy of our admiration and imitation She is a model because she is different from all the other characters except Darcy and because she does not adhere to the standards set forth by society she is self reliant and independent Elizabeth looks nature because she puts her trust in her own perceptions and impressions On the other hand she is not ready to rebel against society She does not totally disregard social proprietary She has good manners When Lady Catherine criticizes Elizabeth skill of playing piano she can have good manners to keep polite Elizabeth demonstrates that she has great restraint even under tremendous pressure Elizabeth realizes that she must take responsibility for her own education because she can not look to either of her parents for advice and she must ultimately depend on her own experiences instincts and judgments Her self reliant attitude causes her to think of herself as to be independent but her views are distorted because she also regards herself as above normal social relationship Elizabeth is unconscious that she suffers from pride She does not realize the inherent dangers of her error On the surface Elizabeth is just ordinary She is attractive but not beautiful she is endowed with certain graces and talents but not unusually gifted she is appealing without being exquisite In the end she wins everything the prince the castle the happiness and the esteem Elizabeth will find happiness because she learns to recognize her faults Elizabeth s blindness of her faults was opened by Darcy s letter She learns to judge others more accurately and not be blinded by first impressions Elizabeth realizes that whenever she discusses Darcy s faults she unconsciously touches upon her own Elizabeth s confession that she was guilty of prejudices based on her own judgment tells us that she is superior to the other characters such as Lady Catherine Ms Bingley Mrs Bennet Mr Collins Lydia and Wickham but above all that she is 傲慢与偏见 3 human She also realizes that people cannot be judged based solely by their appearance and that character evaluations must also take into account the substance behind a person s appearance Elizabeth becomes a rational creature speaking the truth from her heart Without neither family wealth nor wisdom to aid her Elizabeth s success is a attribute to her inner strength 傲慢与偏见 4 Chapter Three Elizabeth s views about marriage 3 1 The most realistic marriage Charlotte s marriage Charlotte is Elizabeth s best friend but they have different thoughts on marriage Although Charlotte is a well educated girl but she doesn t have much property She realizes that marriage isn t equal with happiness but it is inherently like a safe to a woman Sun 83 To get financial guarantees of security opportunity really rare we must cache it quickly it is almost irrelevant about what kind of person the man was Zhu 78 As an already 27 years old woman her choice of marriage is entirely out of realistic consideration When she first met Collins she saw his folly and when he asked her to marry him she also clearly know Collins s certainly not a reasonable person and do not let people like But she still accepts the proposal for marriage has been her goal as to find that kind of guy married life is less concerned about how well educated education but property for the young woman it not marry is the only a decent way to happiness and although can doubt and married also must be their most agreeable can from poverty refuge For money and marriage Charlotte by marriage just wants to get a rich husband thus she can have the economic security Marriage for them is a task but Collins couples obtain from the marriage only to get what they want to get 3 2 The most ridiculous marriage Lydia s marriage Lydia and Wickham is foolish combination of extremely Their relationship is completely built on appearance no love foundation say is neither practical nor romantic The marriage between them is conditional and it is in Darcy s help the two talents grudgingly married But in the future they often depend to Jane or Elizabeth write for help hoping their put to pay bills Wickham to Lydia love soon turned into a cold Lydia and Wickham is also from marriage got what they want Lydia got satisfied Wickham also get what he wanted wealth this is their understanding of 傲慢与偏见 5 marriage 3 3 The most happy marriage Jane s marriage Among all the marriages in this novel the combination of pleasant Bingley and mild Jane is the most blessed and happy one The couple has similar interests and they insisted on pursuing their true love which leads them to a happy and perfect marriage According to the relationship between Bingley and Jane love and similar interests are the basic factors of a successful and happy marriage With many similarities in character people can understand each other easily Most important of all the couple with similar interests can live together with a happy life because there are understanding helps and supporting between them They don t care the defects of their partners and even they don t see any faults in each other Just as the old saying going Birds of a feather flock together people of a mind fill into the same group 3 4 The most admirable marriage Elizabeth s marriage Mr Qian Zhongshu talked about marriage and compared marriage to a castle But I think this marriage theory is not suitable for Darcy and Elizabeth The marriage is tortuous between them but again ups deep rooted of love based Elizabeth and Darcy begin to hate each other and left a bad impression Elizabeth thinks Darcy insolent and because of Elizabeth s social status Darcy ignored her advantages and virtue Later Darcy realized Elizabeth s preciousness launch to pursue after the rejection Having gone through many agonies and difficulties this two misunderstanding came together Economic and social structures with such great power sways interpersonal the relationships between people and this made her became the cartoonist monster D W Hardin 166 179 With first marriage proposal as a border and because of Darcy s letter Elizabeth began to realize their prejudice because of Elizabeth s words Darcy began to realize their arrogance If Elizabeth did not refuse Darcy s first marriage proposal Darcy s infatuation will not lasting If no refusal dialogue no matter what a multimillionaire handsome he is but too arrogant on high Because have these twists and turns the love between them is more precious deeper 傲慢与偏见 6 Chapter Four the Love Elizabeth Pursues is Mature Love 4 1 What is mature love The love which Elizabeth pursues is a kind of actual love that has its individual characteristic This kind of love is a mature and full blown affection According to the theory of love what E Fromm said in his book The Art of Love mature love should include four basic factors that are care responsibility respect and understanding I m sure that the reason why Elizabeth consents to accept the proposal of Darcy for the second time is that Mr Darcy fulfills these factors of a mature love which Elizabeth pursues 4 1 1 Care in Elizabeth s love According to the love theory mentioned above it s out of question that Elizabeth should turn down the proposal of Darcy for the first time Mr Darcy is an impolite man at the time he makes his first courtship to Elizabeth He tells himself to be advisable and careful and not to show a few outpouring of his interest in Elizabeth Besides this Darcy also speaks rudely and looks down her family Elizabeth thinks that she won t fall in love with such a bad guy at all Darcy s first proposal to Elizabeth is based on skin deep love towards her At that time his love to her is just precede from his excessive adoration to Elizabeth She is a stubborn girl and she is intelligent bright having elegant behavior and beautiful appearance She is lively and her style of conversation is special His adoration towards her is superficial that ends when his proposal to her is refused by Elizabeth Just at that time Mr Darcy gives Elizabeth and her family much attention and help as the news of Lydia s elopement with Wickham coming out when she was helpless He does these things because he cares about Elizabeth He tries to lighten her pain because he has fallen in love with Elizabeth He wants to replace Elizabeth s pain with his care and tire The care that Darcy shows to Elizabeth is very deep This is the 傲慢与偏见 7 theory of care what E Fromm talked about making great efforts for what you love deeply We see Darcy s care makes Elizabeth changes her attitude towards him later 4 1 2 Responsibility in Elizabeth s love Mr Darcy is conscientious not only to Elizabeth but also to her family and himself Because he dares not to carry the burden so he often alleviates other s pain through his own pain and he tries to make up his fault We can see his conscience through his efforts in making a match of Lydia and Wickham It s very abundant and it s confirmed by the letter Elizabeth s aunt writes to her The letter says Mr Darcy feels very sorry because he didn t expose wickham s abjection originally If he had done so Lydia s elopement with Wickham would not have happened Mr Darcy is willing to be charged with the affliction and sadness of whom he loves It s a persistent responsibility that Darcy takes to his love 4 1 3 Respect in Elizabeth s love Later Mr Darcy shows his respect to Elizabeth According to E Fromm s love theory the person who has real love should respect not only the one whom he loves but also the ones his lover loves That is to say Darcy should accept not only Elizabeth s status parentage interests and individuality but also her family members We are conscious of that Darcy accepts Elizabeth s personality because Mr Darcy carries over his sensation to her and even loves her better than before after he knows that Elizabeth is a ready witted intelligent women with flexible minds differing from other common women Look back to him when he presents his first proposal to Elizabeth and we can find that Darcy at that time doesn t respect Elizabeth because he says her status is not a receptiblity to him and he cannot accept Elizabeth s family members Therefore Elizabeth rejects his proposal without any hesitation However when Mr Darcy makes his second proposal to Elizabeth she finds that he is the man who adapts to her in not only tempermament but also capacity 4 1 4 Understanding in Elizabeth s love Understanding is a much more important factor of love Elizabeth always considers that the mature love contains comprehending of each other Before the first proposal Mr Darcy makes to Elizabeth the two persons don t know each other well 傲慢与偏见 8 Their understanding towards each other at that time is external and not deep At the beginning Elizabeth knows that Darcy is very pride In fact these are some external or mistaking thoughts Elizabeth doesn t understand Darcy at that time Darcy also gets some information of Elizabeth from her appearance and he doesn t understand her either But later Elizabeth begins to understand by his letter and through Darcy s solving of the elopement of Lydia and Wickham She knows that Darcy isn t a cold man but a generous and passionate gentleman Besides this kind of understanding contains also allowance Darcy can tolerate Elizabeth s taste character and parentage so he turns to be the lover of Elizabeth 傲慢与偏见 9 Chapter Five Conclusion There is no doubt that Elizabeth and Darcy s love is the shining pearl in the history of literary and their love is the ideal mode which has been esteem by Austen Zheng 79 The author s view about marriage it is wrong to get married for property money and position Getting married without considering that above mentioned factors are unwise ether So that she objects to get married for money objects to regarding the marriage as a trifling matter She emphasizes the importance of the ideal marriage and regard men and women s emotion as the foundation stone which concludes the ideal marriage Love is impulsive and is of no reason any passionate and full of madness Love itself is crazy However how many people can love with madness The reality is cruel marriage doesn t equal to love and this ideal is away from us far away Darcy and Elizabeth s marriage is the happiest with deep rooted of love and a necessary condition that Darcy strongly wealth Money is not secular in their marriage wasn t secular the wealth is just like sunshine and nutrition their marriage is of much envy for a