初一英语介词和连词专项复习

精品文档 1欢迎下载 常见介词及用法常见介词及用法 一一 表示时间的介词表示时间的介词 1 英语里最常见的时间介词有 at in on before after 和 from 2 at in 和 on 这三个词都表示时间 at 主要指具体的钟点 at half past eight 在八点半 in 一般指某一段时间 in January 在一月份 on 指具体在某一天 on Monday 在星期一 3 before 和 after 表示时间的先后顺序 before 表示 在 之前 You should wash your hands before eating 吃饭前你应该洗手 after 表示 在 之后 They often play basketball after dinner 他们放学后经常打篮球 4 from 作时间介词含有 从 开始 的意思 常和 to 连用 组成 from to 的结构 表示 从 到 的意思 We go to school from Monday to Friday 我们从周一到周五上学 二二 表示方位的介词 也就是表示位置和地点的介词 表示方位的介词 也就是表示位置和地点的介词 1 小学阶段常见的方位介词有 on in at under over above below about around between 等 2 on over 和 above 这三个词都有 在 上面 的意思 但它们所表示的方位还是有些不同 on 表示两个物体的表面相互接触 如 There is a book on the desk 桌上有一本书 The boy is sleeping on the desk 那个孩子睡在地上 over 表示 在 的正上方 两个物体表面没有接触 如 There is a light bulb over my head 在我头顶上有一个灯泡 above 表示两个物体中一个在另一个的上方 如 The plane is flying above the clouds 飞机上云层上飞行 There are four lights above our head 在我们头上有四盏灯 3 under 和 below 都有 在 的下面 的意思 但它们有区别 under 表示 在 的正下方 其反义词是 over There is a ball under the chair 椅子下面有一个球 They are sitting under a big tree 他们正坐在一棵大树下面 below 表示 在 的下面 不强调是否在正下方 Their house is below mine 他们家的房子在我家的下面 4 in 表示位置 在 里面 也可以用来表示在一个很大的空间内 The children are playing in the room 孩子们正在房间里玩 All my books are in my bag 我所有的书都在我的书包里 5 at 表示 在 旁边 The teacher is standing at the desk 老师正在桌边 精品文档 2欢迎下载 I will wait for you at the station 我会在车站等你 6 around 表示 在 周围 There are lots of flowers around the house 房子周围有许多花 The children sat around the Christmas tree and sang happily 孩子们围坐在圣诞树旁边高兴地唱歌 7 behind 表示 在 的后面 Don t hide yourself behind a tree 别躲在树后 8 in front of 表示 在 的前面 There are some trees in front of the house 房子前面有一些树 9 between 表示 在两者之间 My home is between the two mountains 我家在两座大山之间 Guang Jie sits between Li Lei and Fang Ning 冠杰坐在李磊和芳宁 之间 三三 表示动向的介词 表示动向的介词 在英语中 有一类介词 它们表示的不是静止不动的方位 而是一种动态的 移动 有 朝着 和 向着 的意思 1 小学阶段常见的动向介词有 into out of up down from to through along 等 2 into 和 out of into 表示 从外向里 的意思 out of 表示 从里向外 的意思 Jane jumped into the water 简跳进了水里 Don t look out of the window when you take a bus 当你乘公共汽车时不要向窗外看 3 up 和 down up 表示 向上 down 表示 向下 He often climbs up mountains 他经常爬山 She opened the door and went down the stairs 她开门下楼 四四 表示方式的介词表示方式的介词 1 常见的表示方式的介词有 by with in 等 2 by 表示 靠 用 3 with 表示 使用 和 一起 有 具有 带有 4 in 表示 用 语言 My father goes to work by car 我父亲开车上班 I can see with eyes 我能用眼睛看 I can speak in English 我会用英语讲 五五 其它常用介词 其它常用介词 1 for 表示 目的 原因 He went home for his book 他回家拿书 精品文档 3欢迎下载 Thank you for your dinner 谢谢你的款待 2 in 表示 穿着 带着 Lily is in a red skirt today 丽丽今天穿着一条红色的裙子 The boy in blue is my brother 穿蓝色衣服的男孩是我弟弟 3 of 表示所属关系 有 的 意思 This is a map of ChinA 这是一幅中国地图 He is an old friend of mine 他是我的一位老朋友 4 like 表示比较 意思是 像 He looks like his father 他看上去像他爸爸 六六 介词与动词的固定搭配 介词与动词的固定搭配 look at 朝 看 laugh at 嘲笑 be good at 擅长于 shout at 对 叫喊 look for 寻找 ask for 向 要 look after 照顾 照看 look like 看起来像 take care of 关心 照顾 wait for 等待 leave for 动身去 start for 动身去 catch up with 赶上 talk about 谈论 have a talk with 和 交谈 agree with 同意 赞成 二 二 常用连词及短语搭配的用法 常用连词及短语搭配的用法 一 and 意思是 和 表示并列和对称 I can speak English and Chinese 我会讲英语和中文 I like apples bananas and grapes 我喜欢苹果 香蕉和葡萄 二 both and 的意思是 两者都 表示并列 Both you and I are pupils 你和我都是小学生 I can speak both English and French 我既会讲英语又会讲法语 三 not only but also 意思是 不但 而且 表示并列 Not only you but also Jim comes late 不光是你 吉姆也迟到了 I can play not only the guitar but also the piano 我有仅会弹吉 他 还会弹钢琴 四 neither nor 意思是 既不 也不 表示并列关系 Neither you nor he is right 你和他都不对 He can speak neither English nor French 他既不会讲英语 也不会 讲法语 注意 注意 1 当 not only but only 和 neither nor 连接两个主语时 谓语动词的 数的变化随接近谓语动词的主语而变化 Neither you nor he is fat 你和他都不胖 Neither he nor I am right 他和我都不对 2 or 意思是 或者 还是 表示选择 精品文档 4欢迎下载 Is your friend is a boy or a girl 你的朋友是男孩还是女孩 Do you learn English or French 你学英语还是法语 注意 注意 误 I don t like coffee and tea 正 I don t like coffee or tea 我不喜欢喝咖啡和茶 正 I like coffee and tea 我喜欢喝咖啡和茶 3 but 意思是 但是 表示转折 I have a cold but I don t take medicine 我感冒了 但我没吃药 The skirt is nice but it s too expensive 这条裙子很漂亮 但太贵了 4 so 意思是 因此 所以 It s dark so I must go now 天黑了 所以我得走了 You got up too late so you missed the bus 你起床晚了 所以错过了 公共汽车 5 because 意思是 因为 表示原因 She is unhappy because she lost the game 她不高兴 因为她输了比赛 注意 注意 在英语里 because 和 so 不能够同时在一个句子中出现 和汉语有一定的区别 误 Because Mom bought me a new book so I was very happy 正 Mom bought me a new book so I was very happy 正 I was very happy because Mom bought me a new book 易错点 易错点 1 你能找到这个问题的答案吗 误 Can you find the answer of this question 正 Can you find the answer to this question 析 英语中用 the answer to 表示 的答案 类似结构还有 the key to the door the way to the zoo 等 2 格林先生星期六上午来这里 误 Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening 正 Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening 析 表示在上午 下午等时 介词要用 in 而表示在具体的某天上午 下 午时 介词要用 on 巩固练习 巩固练习 一 一 用适当的介词填空 1 There is something wrong my arm 2 The train is passing the tunnel 3 Would you come to tea us Sunday 4 What s the weather today 5 I am good English 精品文档 5欢迎下载 6 He looks his father 7 Go this street then you can see the post office 8 Many people are wait the bus the bus station 9 How do you often go to school foot 10 Lucy and Lily come America 二 用 and or but 填空 1 I d like to go with you I m too busy 2 I don t like apple juice orange juice 3 I can speak English French 4 Are you a teacher a doctor 5 There is no milk no fruit juice 三 选择填空 1 The Greens were watching TV I came in A before B after C when 2 Jack was sad he failed his math exam again A so B because C but 3 The bus arrived 7 30 a m A on B at C in 4 Your mouth is your nose A under B below C near 5 We don t go to school Saturday and Sunday A on B in C at 6 Did you go to the zoo foot A by B on C in 7 I write my hand A in B with C by 8 Can you sing this song English A in B with C on 9 He learns English TV A in B on C with 10 Tony comes Australia A from B to C in 11 Everyone is sitting the floor but Mr Brown is sitting a chair the corner A over in on B about on at C on on in 12 During the weekdays Jim gets up early the morning and goes to bed late night But weekends he sleeps until midday A on at at B in at on C in in at 精品文档 6欢迎下载 13 The mother is coming back an hour A after B for C in 14 Don t worry Tom will return A before long B long before C long ago 15 Paper is often made wood A by B in C of 四 下列每个句子都有一处错误 请找出来并改正 1 Both Tom and Jerry is in Class Two 2 Either boys and girls are going to clean the classroom 3 It s very kind for you 4 I d like some bread or butter 5 There is a bridge on the river 6 They live at New York 7 I play the tennis ater school 五 根据中文用介词填空 1 她从楼上跳了下去 She jumps the building 2 你最好不要去树林 那很危险 You d better not go the woods it s dangerous 3 一群老人在公园里唱歌 A group of old men are singing the park 4 一个女孩站在窗户边 A girl is standing the windows 5 老师严格要求我们 The teacher is strict us 附加练习 附加练习 介词填空 1 Tony is Canada 2 What is the name the factory 3 Betty is English What you 4 Who s the woman the black dress 5 Where do you come 6 She looks her father 7 Do the students stay home Saturday 8 My mother cut the cake a knife 9 The meeting ended 6 p m 10 We ll play football class