2016年高考英语冲刺讲义(完型)

哈佛北大精英创立 1 精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义 学员编号 学员编号 年年 级 高三级 高三 课课 时时 数 数 3 3 学员姓名 学员姓名 辅导科目 英语辅导科目 英语 学科教师 余英学科教师 余英 授课类型授课类型C 专题专题 完型填空考情分析完型填空考情分析C 专题专题 完型填空之解题技巧完型填空之解题技巧 T 能力能力 完型填空之能力提高完型填空之能力提高 授课日期及时段授课日期及时段 教学内容教学内容 1 1 专题知识梳理专题知识梳理 知识点知识点 1 1 近五年高考完形考情分析 近五年高考完形考情分析 年份内容题材 2011 留住客户的必要性商务经济类 2012 人们成功寻求帮助的影响因素分析社会文化类 2013 经济全球化的利与弊商务经济类 2014 语言是人类的闲聊工具社会文化类 2015 人类相互吸引的三大影响因素社会文化类 解析 从以上表格看出 高考完形填空的题材以社会文化及商务经济两大类为主 应作为冲刺阶段的复习重点 解析 从以上表格看出 高考完形填空的题材以社会文化及商务经济两大类为主 应作为冲刺阶段的复习重点 知识点知识点 2 2 高考完形填空必备词汇 高考完形填空必备词汇 哈佛北大精英创立 2 高考英语完型填空必备词汇高考英语完型填空必备词汇 词性词性20112012201320142015 名词名词 expense budget loyalty reality similarity friendship donation victim poverty conflict population outcome agreement prospect description gossip motivation inspection priority principle virtue passion illustration intension 动词动词 emphasize overlook ensure deny alter refuse deserve obtain seek contribute define ignore consume withdraw confirm reject outline conclude confess extend impose investigate diagnose recall distinguish enhance 形容词形容词 financial economical sensitive agreeable flexible amusing plain talkative talented calm smooth mature local foreign political historical vital sensitive ideal thoughtful indirect beneficial intial random alert resistant superior insulting 注 在选项中积累词汇是快速积累完型高频词汇的重要方法 尤其是真题中的词汇更是需要引导学生熟练掌握的注 在选项中积累词汇是快速积累完型高频词汇的重要方法 尤其是真题中的词汇更是需要引导学生熟练掌握的 重要内容 重要内容 2 2 专题精讲专题精讲 2015 年上海高考真题年上海高考真题 If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists 51 you would see plenty of animals with people running after 哈佛北大精英创立 3 them Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals In modern times when food is available in grocery stores finding love is more 52 to people s lives The 53 is all around us It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture Researchers are studying whether love a highly valued emotional state can be 54 They ask what is love Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth but clean teeth go only so far Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract too One thing is certain The truth about love is not yet set in stone First Impression To help determine the 56 of attraction researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other s individuality Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners After nine weeks they reported what happened As it turned out their 58 judgments often held true Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives The 60 Knows Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction Many animals give off pheromones natural chemicals that can be detected by and then can produce a response in other animals of the same species Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships In contrast humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals Smell however does seem to play a part in human attraction Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people Face Value Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors including seeing something we find attractive Researchers had people judge faces for 63 The participants had 0 013 seconds to view each face yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces The way we 64 哈佛北大精英创立 4 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking 51 A InsteadB ThereforeC MoreoverD Otherwise 52 A romanticB stressful C centralD beneficial 53 A priorityB proofC possibilityD principle 54 A testedB imposedC changedD created 55 A appearancesB virtuesC similaritiesD passions 56 A illustrationsB implicationsC ingredientsD intensions 57 A predictB investigateC diagnoseD recall 58 A criticalB initialC randomD mature 59 A memorizeB distinguishC negotiateD question 60 A NoseB EyeC HeartD Hand 61 A openB alertC resistantD superior 62 A disappointedB amazedC confusedD gifted 63 A emotionsB attractivenessC individualityD signals 64 A enhanceB possessC maintainD assess 65 A familiarB plainC positiveD insulting 三 专题过关三 专题过关 2014 年上海高考真题年上海高考真题 Research has shown that two thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day not heated debates about films we ve just watched or books we ve just finished reading but plain and simple 51 Language is our greatest treasure as a species and what do we 52 do with it We gossip About others behaviour 哈佛北大精英创立 5 and private lives such as who s doing what with whom who s in and who s out and why how to deal with difficult 53 situations involving children lovers and colleagues So why are we keen on gossiping Are we just natural 54 of both time and words Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life It s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar In fact in his latest book Grooming Gossip and the Evolution of Language the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 55 issues Dunbar 56 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural Instead he suggests that language evolved among women We don t spend two thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk argues Dunbar 57 he goes on to say language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 58 of the higher primates 灵长类动物 like monkeys By means of grooming cleaning the fur by brushing it monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 59 from outside it As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family Dunbar 60 that at one time in our history we did much the same Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group the greater the 61 it provided on the other hand the bigger the group the greater the stresses of living close to others Grooming helped to 62 the pressure and calm everybody down But as the groups got bigger and bigger the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 63 to maintain its effectiveness Clearly a more 64 kind of grooming was needed and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal 有声的 grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one to one 65 contact 51 A claim B description C gossip D language 52 A occasionally B habitually C independently D originally 53 A social B political C historical D cultural 54 A admirers B masters C users D wasters 55 A vital B sensitive C ideal D difficult 56 A confirms B rejects C outlines D broadens 57 A for instance B in addition C on the contrary D as a result 58 A motivation B appearance C emotion D behaviour 59 A attack B contact C inspection D assistance 60 A recalls B denies C concludes D confesses 哈佛北大精英创立 6 61 A prospect B responsibility C leadership D protection 62 A measure B show C maintain D ease 63 A saved B extended C consumed D gained 64 A common B efficient C scientific D thoughtful 65 A indirect B daily C physical D secret 四 学法提炼四 学法提炼 1 1 专题特点 重点考查学生的文章理解及单词在具体语境中的运用能力 专题特点 重点考查学生的文章理解及单词在具体语境中的运用能力 2 2 解题方法 在把握文章主旨和结构的基础上 从上下文寻找解题线索 解题方法 在把握文章主旨和结构的基础上 从上下文寻找解题线索 3 3 注意事项 从上下文中的逻辑关系确定选项 注意事项 从上下文中的逻辑关系确定选项 一 专题知识梳理一 专题知识梳理 解题技巧汇总解题技巧汇总 一 利用文章首句信息解题一 利用文章首句信息解题 例 1 Over the past few decades more and more countries have opened up the markets increasingly transforming the world economy into one free flowing global market The question is Is economic globalization 50 for all 2013 年上海英语高考 50 A possibleB smoothC good D easy 例 2 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining 留住 customers It sounds simple and achievable But 50 words of wisdom are soon forgotten 2011 年上海高考英语 50 A in particular B in reality C at least D first of all 例 3 Most people believe they don t have much imagination They are 50 Everyone has imagination 2009 年 上海高考英语 50 A wrong B unbelievable C reasonable D realistic 二 利用逻辑关系解题二 利用逻辑关系解题 例 1 Critics take a different view believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich 哈佛北大精英创立 7 and poor 2013 年上海高考英语 57 A finding B exploring C bridging D widening 例 2 In some situations those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid 56 in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport 2012 年上海 高考英语 56 A At first B Above all C In addition D For example 例 3 A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns is losing the company thousands of dollars in potential profits 2011 年上海高考英语 58 A as a result B on the whole C in conclusionD on the contrary 例 4 What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out of town previews that many Broadway shows go through The answer is adding deleting replacing reordering 51 revising 2010 年上海高考英语 51 A in particular B as a result C for example D in other words 例 5 Think about your goal and the new possibilities If your goal is to learn to ski 60 you can now practice skiing every day of your life because you have the time and the money 2009 年上海高考英语 60 A in fact B in particular C as a whole D for example 三 利用词汇复现解题三 利用词汇复现解题 例 1 The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive 2012 年上海高考英语 59 A send in B throw away C fill out D turn down 例 2 The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny In practice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting customers with little attention paid to keeping them 2011 年上海高考英语 60 A beliefs B loyalty C habits D interest 例 3 When you revise you change aspects of your work in response to your evolving purpose or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information 2010 年上海高考英语 55 A fixed B ambitious C familiar D fresh 哈佛北大精英创立 8 例 4 Do I ever lose sight of my purpose Have I given my readers all of the 63 that is facts opinions 2010 年 上海高考英语 63 A angles B evidence C information D hints 四 利用对比信息解题四 利用对比信息解题 例 1 Small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet 2013 年上海高考英语 56 A mature B newC localD foreign 例 2 When large scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods or when superstores like Wal Mart move in these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out 2013 年上海高考英语 62 A keep upB come inC go aroundD help out 例 3 The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person 2012 年上海高考英语 58 A talented B good looking C helpful D hard working 例 4 Making connections This technique involves taking 54 ideas and trying to find links between them 2009 年上海高考英语 54 A familiar B unrelated C creative D imaginary 五 利用语义理解解题五 利用语义理解解题 例 1 A study carried out by the U N sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy 2013 年上海高考英 语 58 A suffered B profitedC learnedD withdrawn 例 2 53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually 2011 年上海高考英语 53 A Moving B Hoping C Starting D Failing 例 3 However don t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows 58 2010 年上海高考英语 58 A drafting B rearranging C performing D training 二 专题精讲二 专题精讲 20132013 年上海高考真题年上海高考真题 哈佛北大精英创立 9 Over the past few decades more and more countries have opened up the markets increasingly transforming the world economy into one free flowing global market The question is Is economic globalization 50 for all According to the World Bank one of its chief supporters economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty four developing countries as a result of integration 融合 of local economies into the world economy Home to some three billion people these twenty four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent compared to two percent in developed countries Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home based businesses 55 small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet Critics take a different view believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor A study carried out by the U N sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor the uneducated unskilled workers and native peoples have been left behind 59 they maintain 坚持认为 that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses 新兴行业 For example Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 When large scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods or when superstores like Wal Mart move in these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out One thing is certain about globalization there is no 63 Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all 50 A possible B smooth C goodD easy 51 A crimeB poverty C conflictD population 52 A contributingB responding C turningD owing 53 A remain B drop C shift D increase 54 A doubtB define C advocateD ignore 55 A In addition B For instanceC In other wordsD All in all 56 A mature B newC localD foreign 57 A finding B exploringC bridgingD widening 58 A suffered B profitedC learnedD withdrawn 哈佛北大精英创立 10 59 A FurthermoreB Therefore C However D Otherwise 60 A consumeB deliver C export D advertise 61 A trouble B businessC power D mind 62 A keep upB come inC go around D help out 63 A taking offB getting alongC holding out D turning back 64 A agreementB predictionC outcomeD challenge 三 专题过关三 专题过关 20122012 年上海高考真题年上海高考真题 People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman In another 50 subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble 绊脚 and fall to the floor Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 sometimes he did not In this situation the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark In 53 these and other research findings two themes are 54 we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance In some situations those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid 56 in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport The application was ready to be 57 but had apparently been lost The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important For example people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner In one study shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a n 61 T shirt than a person wearing a T shirt printed with offensive words Whether a person receives help depends in part on the worth of the case For example shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk 50 A study B way C word D college 51 A hand B arm C face D back 52 A refuse B beg C lose D receive 53 A challenging B recording C understanding D publishing 哈佛北大精英创立 11 54 A important B possible C amusing D missing 55 A seek B deserve C obtain D accept 56 A At first B Above all C In addition D For example 57 A printed B mailed C rewritten D signed 58 A talented B good looking C helpful D hard working 59 A send in B throw away C fill out D turn down 60 A similarity B friendship C cooperation D contact 61 A expensive B plain C cheap D strange 62 A time B instructions C money D chances 63 A shoppe