陕西省咸阳市2018_2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试教学质量检测试题（含解析）.docx

咸阳市20182019学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测高一英语试题注意事项:1.本试卷共10页,全卷满分150分,答题时间为120分钟;2.答卷前考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号,并认真核准条形码上的姓名准考证号；3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂,非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写涂写要工整、清晰;4.考试结束,监考员将试题卷答题卡一并收回。第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分75分)听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.When will the man finish his class?A.At3:30. B.At4:30. C.At5:30.2.What is in the bag?A.a ruler. B.A.pencil. C.a book.3.How will the man go to Washington?A.By plane. B.By train. C.By car.4.What will the woman do on Friday?A.Go on a tour. B.Study at home. C.Take an examination.5.Where does the conversation take placeA.On a bus. B.In a supermarket. C.At a restaurant.第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Where: are the speakers now?A.In a Japanese market. B.In a Canadian market. C.In a Chinese market.7.What color camera is the woman interested in?A.Silver. B.Black. C.Red.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.What did the woman advise the man to do at first?A.Cook food. B.To clean the room. C.To talk with old people.9.Where did the man go at last?A.To a school. B.To a childrens home. C.To an old peoples home.10.How often should he work at least?A.Once a week. B.Twice a week. C.Three times a week.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.What is the woman doing?A.Lister. B.Reading a book. C.Watching a gootball game.12.What are the speakers talking about?A.How to enjoy a game. B.How to ease the stress. C.How to make a speech.13.What does the woman think important when dealing with exam nervousness?A.Focusing on the football game. B.Going to bed early. C.Making study plans.听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。14.What does the man think of Lynnes new job?A.Easy. B.Great. C.Challenging.15.What subject did Lynne do at university?A.Maths. B.Business. C.Computer16.Why didnt the man buy Lynne a camera?A.He couldnt afford it. B.He didnt think she wanted it. C.He thought it unsuitable for her.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.When is the talk given?A.in the morning. B.At noon. C.In the evening.18.Which place does the guided tour leave from?A. The Villa entrance. B.The main building. C.Roman gardens.19.How much is the guided tour?A.4. B.4.50 C.5.20.Who could the speaker probably be?A.A.waitress. B.A tour guide. C.A.hotel clerk.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMothers DayThe second Sunday in May is Mothers Day. Mothers Day is a special day for everyone! On that day, children usually give their mothers cards, presents and flowers. But most of the people like giving their mothers carnations(康乃馨). Somebody said God could not be everywhere and he made mother.Fathers DayFathers Day is on the third Sunday in June.Some Americans thought that if we had Mothers Day, we should have a Fathers Day.On Fathers Day, there is not any party. But children will give their father some presents and the best wishes. Father is great. We could give the best wishes to them.HalloweenHalloween is on October 31st. On this day, in front of the house there are a lot of pumpkin lights. They are very beautiful. Every family has a lot of sweets. When children go to knock at their doors, people will give them sweets.EasterEaster is from 22nd March to 25th April. Easter is an important holiday in Western countries.Chickens are usually born then. Many children buy chocolate and Easter eggs. They also make Easter eggs. Some people like this holiday because it is interesting.Thanksgiving DayEvery last Thursday of November is a special day. Some American think Thanksgiving Day is more important than Christmas Day. On that day, all people have supper with their family together. Thanksgiving Day in America is a time to offer thanks, have family gatherings and enjoy holiday meals. People like to eat turkeys and some fruits. On that day people are all happy. But in Canada Thanksgiving Day is the second Monday in October.1. On which day can children ask for and get sweets?A. Fathers Day.B. Thanksgiving Day.C. Halloween.D. Easter.2. What will Americans do on Thanksgiving Day?A. They say thanks.B. They have friend gatherings.C. They go on holiday.D. They buy many cards.3. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Some traditional festivals in AmericaB. A brief introduction of some special daysC. Festivals that are only celebrated in the WestD. Foreign festivals and customs.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】文章介绍了母亲节、父亲节、万圣节、复活节、感恩节几个重要的节日的时间、庆祝活动、意义等。【1题详解】C细节推理题。根据Halloween中Every family has a lot of sweets. When children go to knock at their doors, people will give them sweets.可知，在万圣节时孩子们能得到糖果，故选C。【2题详解】A细节推理题。根据Thanksgiving Day中Thanksgiving Day in America is a time to offer thanks, have family gatherings and enjoy holiday meals.可知，感恩节时，美国人表示感谢，家庭团聚和吃大餐。故选A。【3题详解】B主旨大意题。文章介绍了母亲节、父亲节、万圣节、复活节、感恩节几个重要的节日的时间、庆祝活动、意义等。B项：一些特殊节日的简要介绍，概括全文，适合作为本文标题。故选B。BMary Anning was an English fossil(化石)collector，dealer and paleontologist(古生物学家).Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur(鱼龙).Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.Mary Anning died in1847. How evolution(进化)works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.4. Why did Marys father take his children along the beach?A. To enjoy life.B. To make a living.C. To look for fossils.D. To teach them about fossils.5. What can we learn about Mary?A. Her father was a paleontologist.B. Her father educated her at home.C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all.D. She might be popular at that time.6. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?A. Charles Darwin.B. Marys dog.C. Joseph.D. Mary.7. What does the underlined word crumble in the fourth paragraph means ?A. breakB. shakeC. floatD. dive【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。本文讲述了Mary Anning的生平事迹，Mary是英国化石收集者，经销商和古生物学家，她的化石搜寻帮助改变了人们对世界的看法。【4题详解】细节推理题。根据第二段“Mary was born into a poor family . Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，Mary家境贫寒，父亲带着孩子沿海滩捡拾贝克和石头卖给游客，为维持生计。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第四段和第五段“Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting”，“Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.”，和“Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells.”等句可知，自从发现了鱼龙化石，Mary迷上了化石，有钱的朋友帮她卖化石，科学家们写信来看她，她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳，因此推断那时候她很受欢迎，故选 D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，Joseph首先看到了鱼龙化石。故选C。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.”可知，她喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石，因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂，从而发现化石很容易。故选A。【点睛】细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如本题第1小题，Why did Marys father take his children along the beach?为细节理解题。我们在原文中第二段发现了本题题干中定位词“Marys father”，原文是这样的“Mary was born into a poor family . Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，Mary家境贫寒，父亲带着孩子沿海滩捡拾贝克和石头卖给游客，为维持生计。故选B。再如第3小题，Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil? 根据题干所给的定位词“the first one to catch sight of the rock containingfossil”，我们很容易锁定第三段内容“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，Joseph首先看到了鱼龙化石。故选C。CA new study explores the custom of tipping in the United States. Many Americans give tips to people who perform a job for them, especially workers in the service industry. They pay a little extra to people cutting their hair, driving them across town or serving them a meal at a restaurant.The researchers found that men give bigger tips to restaurant workers than women. And people who live in the northern US are more generous with tips than those living in the South. People who earn $ 50, 000 or more a year give bigger tips than those who earn less than $50, 000. There is one likely reason: the wealthier Americans have more money to spend.Michael Lynn is a professor of consumer behavior and marketing at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration in New York. In other words, he knows a lot about the issue of tipping. In earlier surveys, Lynn said he found mixed results on the generosity of men and women when it comes to tipping. In some studies, men gave bigger tips than women. In others, women gave more money.Lynns own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man. Tips are very important to service employees. People who work at restaurants often get most of their earnings from tips.Nationwide, Americans generally tip between 15 to 20 percent at restaurants and leave from $2 to S 10 a day for the people who clean their hotel rooms. Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.But here is something to keep in mind. If you are able to give the person serving you a tip or a bigger one than what is expected, your generosity will be welcome. Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.8. What is paragraph I mainly about?A. A study in a restaurant.B. A job offering a lot of tips.C. The service industry in the US.D. The custom of tipping in the US.9. What is Lynns finding in American restaurants?A. People give more tips to the opposite sex server.B. People are always more generous to service employers.C. Men give the same tips to the women restaurant servers as women.D Men always give more tips to the men restaurant servers than women.10. How much tips do Americans generally pay if the reading on the taximeter is $100?A. $2.B. $10.C. $15.D. $20.11. What is the authors attitude towards tipping?A. Doubtful.B. Critical.C. Uncaring.D. Supportive.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D【解析】本文为说明文。许多美国人会给那些为他们工作的人小费，尤其是服务业的员工。一项新研究探讨了美国付小费的习俗。【8题详解】主旨大意题。第一段讲述一项新的研究探索了美国的小费习俗。许多美国人给那些为他们工作的人小费，特别是服务业的工人。他们付一点额外的钱给剪头发的人，开车送他们穿过城镇的人，或者在餐馆为他们提供饭的人。因此推断第一段主要介绍了美国人给小费的习俗。故D选项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的Lynns own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man.（林恩自己对美国餐馆的研究发现，当餐馆服务员是女性时，男性给的小费更多，而当服务员是男性时，女性给的小费更多）可知，林恩通过研究发现人们会给异性服务员更多的小费。故A选项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.（打车时给出租车司机15%的小费也很常见）可知，美国人通常在出租车计价器上的读数为100美元时，付给司机15美元的小费是正常的。故C选项正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中的Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.（许多服务人员赚不了多少钱，甚至一两美元也能改变他们的生活）可推知，作者支持给小费这种习俗。故D选项正确。DBored with your life? Dreaming of something different? When I feel like that 1 look up and wonder what life would be like 400km above my head .Thats where the International Space Station travels around the Earth, with six astronauts living and working on board for months at a time.How do they sleep?They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small room on the ceiling.American astronaut Sunita Williams explains.Its like a little phone booth but its pretty comfortable and it doesnt matter if I turn over and sleep upside down.I dont feel Im upside down.Brushing your teeth in a place where you cant have a tap or a sink will be a challenge.Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity? Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put water from a bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpastewhich he has to eat when hes done.Daily exercise is necessary.The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile(易碎的）and muscles lose strengthso astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day.The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians(技工)for scientists on Earth.So they spend their time protecting their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a limited space about the size of a Boeing 747.Almost every task is carefully planned by controlalthough most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls.One of their most valued things is the view from the office controlled by that big blue ball down there,sitting in the darkness of space.Wow!Completely breathtaking!12. According to the text,what becomes a difficult thing to do for the antronauts?A. Sitting.B. Brushing teeth.C. Sleeping.D. Taking exercise.13. The astronauts are encouraged to take exercise every day because_.A. they can develop thinking abilitiesB. they want to lose weightC. they hope to work betterD. they want to protect their body14. What can be learned from this text?A. It is weightless in space.B. Life in space is dangerous.C. Most astronauts lack enough training.D. If sleeping upside down astronauts will feel uncomfortable.15. Which role do the astronauts in the Space Station play?A. Scientists.B. Environmentalists.C. Skilled workers in the laboratory.D. Workers in factories.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员们在太空中的生活及他们的工作。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Brushing your teeth in a place where you cant have a tap or a sink win be a challenge. 可知，对宇航员来说，太空生活困难的事是刷牙，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile(易碎的）and muscles lose strengthso astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day. 可知，宇航员需要锻炼身体是因为缺乏重力使骨骼更脆弱和肌肉失去力量即锻炼是为了保护身体，故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章对宇航员的在太空中的生活描述，尤其是第二段分its pretty comfortable and it doesnt matter if 1 turn over and sleep upside down.I dont feel Im upside down.和第四段的The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile(易碎的）and muscles lose strengthso astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day. 可推断出，在太空中会失重，故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians(技工)for scientists on Earth可知，宇航员的角色是为地球上的科学家充当实验室技术工人，故选C。第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Make a Great First ImpressionYouve heard it a million times already, but it really does take but a few seconds to make that all-important first impression(印象). Here are some easy ways foryou to impress your classmates or teachers._16_Before you shake hands with somebody, make sure that your hands are clean. The handshake should not be too strong or weak. Most people use their right hands, unless they have a reason to use the left. _17_ Be on timeWhen meeting someone for the first time, arriving on time is as important as breathing. You may have an excuse, but that will leave the person who hardly knows you with a bad impression. _18_.Its better to be hanging around the place than be stuck in traffic. Introduce yourself and ask for namesMake sure you properly introduce yourself. Ask for their name in a polite way. _19_ .This will increase the chances of their remembering your name in the future. Always remember to stand up when greeting someone and be sure to introduce them to anyone youre with. Make good conversationTo get the most out of your discussion, try to find something common between the two of you. _20_ A person will feel more comfortable with someone they can relate to(产生共鸣).A. Use body languageB Have a proper handshakeC. Repeat the name and use it later in conversation.D. As a general rule, plan to arrive about 30 minutes early.E. It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby.F. Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression.G. However, dont have your left hand in your pocket because this appears impolite.【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文，在与人交往中，美好的第一印象特别重要，文章中给出了四条给别人留下好的第一印象的建议。【16题详解】本段内容告诉我们在和别