一般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别练习题

一般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别练习题 1 一般过去时态表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的 事情 强调动作 现在完成时态中动作为过去发生的 强调 过去的事情对现在的影响 强调的是影响 如 I saw this film yesterday 强调看的动作发生过了 I have already seen this film 强调对现在的影响 电影的内 容已经知了 I haven t finished my work yet 强调对现在的 影响 还有工作要做 不能去玩 When did you finish your homework 询问过去的动作所发生的时间 与现在无关 2 一般过去时态表示动作在过去已经停止 现在完成时态表 示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在 如 Ann visited her uncle last weekend visit 这个动作在过 去已经停止 They have lived here since 1983 live here 这个动作从 1983 年开始 一直延续到现在 3 一般过去时态常用非延续性动词 如 borrow buy come go leave start die finish become 等 现在完成时态可表示 持续到现在的动作或状态 与时间段连用时动词一般是延续 性的 如 keep have live teach learn work study know be 等 如 He joined the League three years ago join 是 短暂动词 He has been in the League for three years be in 表状态 在团内的状态可延续 He has been a League member for three years 是团员的状态可延续 4 一般过去时态常与具体的时间状语连用 而现在完成时态 通常与模糊的时间状语连用 或无时间状语 一般过去时态的时间状语 yesterday last night week month year ago in1980 just now 等 皆为 具体的时间状语 现在完成时态的时间状语 for 时间段 since 过去的时间点 一般过去时态的句子 so far up to now in the past years 等 皆为不确定的时间状语 如 Tim wrote a letter to his brother last night last night 为具体的过去时间状语 所以用一般过去时态 I ve learned English for three years for three years 为时间状语 是个时间段 时间跨度大 不 具体 学以致用 1 When you to learn to skate Five years ago A do start B will start 现在完成时态现在完成时态 详细讲解及其练习详细讲解及其练习 一 现在完成时由 have has 过去分词 构成 主要有两个 含义 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果影响和结果 常用 的时间状语有 many times just yet ever never just already so far by now 等 I have already watched the TV play 我已经看过这部电 视剧了 现在我对它不感兴趣了 Have you found your lost pen yet No I haven t found it yet 我很着急 表示动作或者状态在过去过去已经开始 持续到现在现在 也 许还将持续还将持续下去 用于延续性动词 常常与 so far for 或 者 since 短语连用 since 时间点 从句 for 时间段 如 for two months 等 二 现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别 1 现在完成时现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作 但 现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响现在的影响 并且表示这一动作 已完成或还可能继续下去 2 而一般过去时一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系没有联系 仅表示过去的动作 且这一动作到说话时已终止 因此现在完成时不能与表示明 确的过去时间如 in1949 yesterday last week 等的状语 连用 并且用 when 或 where 对这些时间和地点状语提问时 一般只用一般过去时 三 在 it is first second time that 或在 it this that is the 最高级 名词 that 结构中 that 从句中的动词常用现在完成时 在 it be since 从句 这一结构中 be 可用一般现在时或现在完成时 since 从句一般用过去时 现在完成时可以和带有 since 或 for 等表示 一段时间 的状语连用 表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始 一直持续到 现在 如 I haven t seen him for two years 但是 像 come arrive buy 等终止性动词不能与表示 一 段时间 的状语连用 要用 必须改为 be 在 等延续 性动词来表述 现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 arrive bearrive be herehere diedie be be deaddead begin start bebegin start be onon come back be back fall ill sick asleep be ill sick asleep leaveleave be be awayaway get up be up finish be over openopen be be openopen closeclose be be closedclosed borrowborrow keep keep 或 be on be in 或 be a member of go to school be a student buybuy have have catch a cold have a cold begin to study study getget toto knowknow know know come to work work 等 如 He has been a soldier for three years 他参军三年 了 His father has been dead for two years 他父亲去世二年 了 The film has been on for ten minutes 电影已开始十分 钟了 We have studied English for three years 我们 开始 学英语已三年了 几点注意事项几点注意事项 1 have been to 与 have gone to 的区别 have been to 表示 去过某地 现在已经回来了 可用于 各 人称 have gone to 表示 去某地了 说话时某人不在当地 常用于第三人称 前者可与 once never several times 等连用 后者则不能 He has been to Beijing 他去过去过北京 已经回来了 He has gone to Beijing 他去去北京了了 还没有回来 have has been in 待在某地 如 They have been in Beijing 他们呆在北京 2 终止性终止性动词现在完成时的否定式 已变成一种可以延续可以延续 的状态 因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连一段时间的状语连 用用 如 I haven t left here since 1997 自从 1997 年以来 我一 直没有离开过这儿 现在完成时态练习题现在完成时态练习题 一 选择填空 2 Her father in1990 and her husband for more than five years A died dead B has died dead C C died has been dead D has died has died 3 I have this nice watch for two years A had B bought C borrowed D lend 4 He his home for ten years A has left B left from C has been away from D was away from 5 He a league member for three years A is B has been C has become D have become 6 Lihua s brother has for two years A joined the army C become a soldier B been an army D been in the army 7 He hasn t Quanzhou ever since he left school A left B been away C been D away 二 选择填空 1 Have you finished your homework Yes I it last night A finish B finished C have finished D will finish 2 you ever to Nanjing Yes I there last year A Have gone have gone B Did go went C Have been went D Did go has been 3 When you Lucy in New York I her for two years A did meet haven t seen B did meet don t see C have met haven t seen 4 He finished his homework yet A didn t B haven t C hasn t D doesn t have 5 Have you traveled on the banch Yes I have A just B yet C never D ever 6 Have you finished your homework Not A ever B already C yet D just 7 We haven t finished our homework A already B ever C yet D never 8 Have you learned English Yes I ve learned a lot A never ever B ever never C ever already D already ever 9 Have you finished your homework Yes I ve done that A yet already B already yet C ever never D still just 10 John s father borrowed some pictures A has just B have ever C has yet D have already 三 用 since 和 for 填空 一 1 two years two years ago 2 last month 3 yesterday 4 an hour ago 5 she left here 6 4 o clock 8 1999 9 4 hours 10 lunch time 二 1 He has lived in Nanjing the year before last 2 I ve known him we were children 3 Our teacher has studied Japanese three years 4 She has been away from the city about ten years 5 It s about ten years she left the city 四 单项选择题 1 My mother has worked in this factory 2 years A about B for C in D since 2 His father joined the party A since three years ago B in two years time C for three years D three years ago 3 The students have cleaned the classroom A so they B don t they C have they D haven t they 4 We came to Nanjing three years ago so we here for three years A have been to B have been in C have been D have gone 5 How lon