译林版英语(8B)：知识整理与归纳

精品文档 1欢迎下载 译林版英语译林版英语 8B8B 知识整理与归纳知识整理与归纳 Unit1 PastUnit1 Past andand presentpresent A A ComicComic stripstrip WelcomeWelcome toto thethe unitunit 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 share sb with sth 与某人分享某物 补充 share in sth 共同承担 分担 2 be kind to 对 友好 3 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 曾经做某事 B B ReadingReading 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 know sth well 对 非常了解 2 since I was born 自我出生以来 3 move house 搬家 4 in the northern part of town in the north of town 在镇的北面 5 since then 自那时起 6 over the years 在这些年期间 7 in the town centre 在镇中心 8 part of 的一部分 9 put the waste into the river 把废水排入河中 10 in some ways 在某种程度上 11 most of 大多数 12 move away 搬走 13 as often as before 像从前一样经常 14 from time to time sometimes 不时 有时 偶尔 15 turn into 把 变成 补充 turn into 变成 16 get married 结婚 get married to sb 与某人结婚 marry sb 嫁给某人 娶某人 be married 状态 已婚的 17 take action to do sth 采取行动做某事 C C GrammarGrammar 现在完成时 1 构成 have has V ed 2 基本句式 肯定句 have has V ed 否定句 haven t hasn t V ed 一般疑问句及答句 Have has V ed Yes have has No haven t hasn t 3 用法 表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 或已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作 4 常用的时间表达语 already 已经 yet 还未 一般用于否定句 ever 曾经 一般用于疑问句 never 从不 Just 刚才 recently 最近 句末 since 自 以来 一段时间 ago 或时间点 for 一段时间 before 以前 句末 精品文档 2欢迎下载 5 过去分词变化 与动词原形相同 如 come came come 与动词过去式相同 如 get got got 在动词原形后面 en 如 eat ate eaten 在以 e 结尾的动词原形后面 n 如 drive drove driven 在动词过去式后面 n 如 break broke broken 一些特殊的变化 举例略 参见书本 P122 123 D D IntegratedIntegrated skillsskills 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 local people 本地人 2 go abroad 出国 e back return 返回 4 keep in touch 保持联系 5 borrow from sb 借进来 lend to sb 借出去 6 hope that 从句 希望 hope to do sth 希望做某事 7 keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 补充 lose in touch with sb 与某人失去联系 municate with sb have communication with sb 与某人交谈 2 2 句子句子 1 The Internet makes communication much easier 网络使交流简单得多 2 Starlight Town has changed a lot greatly over the years Amazing great changes have taken place in Starlight Town over the years 星光镇这些年变化巨大 E E studystudy skillsskills 事实和观点 Facts 事实 是对事物的客观陈述 不掺杂任何人的主观感情 意识 Opinions 观点 观点是从人的一定立场或角度出发 对事物 事件的看法 观点不一定属实 阅读时 要根据不同的文体 用不同的方法分清事实和观点 写作时 我们要学会运用事实来 制成自己的观点 使我们的观点更有说服力 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 be get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 2 on one s own alone by oneself 亲自 3 spend time on 在 花时间 F F TaskTask 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 listen to the radio 听收音机 2 enjoy a comfortable life 过着舒适的生活 3 make sb do sth 使某人做某事 补充 make sb sth 名词 e g We made Jack our monitor 我们选举 jack 当班长 精品文档 3欢迎下载 2 2 句子句子 1 Now the streets are wide and clean with many green trees on both sides 现在街道又宽又干净 两处绿树掩映 2 Many families even has their own cars 许多家庭甚至有了私家车 Unit2Unit2 TravellingTravelling A A ComicComic stripstrip WelcomeWelcome toto thethe UnitUnit 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 get all my things 带上我所有的东西 2 so excited 如此的激动 3 places of interest 名胜 4 the capital of 的首都 5 go to for holiday 去 度假 6 be get ready to do sth 准备好做某事 be get ready for sth 准备好某事 7 have been to 去过某地 已回 have gone to 去了某地 未回 have been in 去某地 在该地 2 2 句子句子 I don t think it ll be a holiday for me 我认为这对我而言不是一个假期 补充 常见的否定前置词 think believe 等 B B ReadingReading 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 haven t seen each other 没有见到彼此 2 have been in Hong Kong for two days 在香港两天 3 have a fantastic time 度过一段美妙的时光 have fun 玩得开心 have a good great nice wonderful time 过得愉快 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 过得愉快 4 roller coaster 过山车 5 move at high top full speed 高速运动 补充 at low speed 低速 6 through the ride 在乘坐的过程中 7 have a quick meal 吃一份简餐 8 on the way 在路上 on the way to 在 的路上 补充 与 way 有关的短语 1 in some ways 同步练习上介绍的是 in a way 在某种程度上 2 by the way 顺便问一下 3 in one s way 挡住某人的去路 4 lost one s way 迷路 5 all the way 一路上 沿路 6 one the way 在路上 即将发生 7 make one s way 某人动身 去某处 前进 8 find one s way 找到路 找到解决方法 9 such as 例如 一般后面跟多个例子 精品文档 4欢迎下载 10 get excited 兴奋起来 11 a parade of 的游行 12 later in the afternoon in the later afternoon 傍晚 13 the best part of the day 一天中最好的部分 14 take photos 拍照 15 a 4 D film 一场 4D 电影 16 do some shopping 购物 17 a couple of 一对 几个 18 let me have a look 让我看看 19 at the speed of 以 的速度 20 hurry to do sth 赶着做某事 22 can t stop doing sth 忍不住做某事 情不自禁做某事 23 take photos of 拍 的照片 24 be like 像 可指外貌或者品质 look like 像 单指外貌 25 buy sb sth buy sth for sb 26 in front of 在 外部的 前面 in the front of 在 内部的 前面 27 at the end of 在 的末尾 in the end finally at last 最后 by the end of 通常加时间词 到 为止 C C GrammarGrammar a a have has been 与 have has gone 的区别 have hashave has beenbeen 表示某人曾经去过某地 并且已经回来了表示某人曾经去过某地 并且已经回来了 e g He has been to the Great Wall twice 他曾经去过长城两次 have hashave has gonegone 表示某人已经去了某地 但还没回来表示某人已经去了某地 但还没回来 e g He has gone to the cinema 他去看电影了 b b for 和 since 的用法 for for 时间段时间段 e g He has been away from China for two years 他离开中国已有两年了 since since 时间点时间点 时间段时间段 ago ago e g He has lived in Nanjing since 2010 自 2010 以来 他一直住在南京 补充 since since 从句从句 e g Great changes have taken place since you left 自从你离开 就发生了很大的变化 ItIt isis 一段时间一段时间 since since 从句从句 e g It is years since I graduated from University 自从我大学毕业以来已经有两年了 带时间状语的现在完成时的句子中 谓语动词中短暂性动词需转换为延续性动词带时间状语的现在完成时的句子中 谓语动词中短暂性动词需转换为延续性动词 常见的有 书本 P 28 P 134 短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时的构成 begin start be onhave has been on finish stopbe overhave has been over 精品文档 5欢迎下载 be in have has been income go arrivebe athave has been at leavebe awayhave has been away borrowkeephave has kept be inhave has been in join be a member ofhave has been a member of marrybe marriedhave has been married diedeadhave has been dead buyhavehave has had openbe openhave has been open closebe closedhave has been closed fall illbe illhave has been ill fall asleepbe asleephave has been asleep 补充 短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时的构成 move tolive inhave has lived in get upbe uphave has been up D D IntegratedIntegrated SkillsSkills 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 in any season 在任何季节 2 all yea round 全年 一年到头 3 love water sports 热爱水上运动 4 go there in any season except winter 除了冬天的任何一个季节去那 5 on cold and Snowy days 在寒冷的下雪天 6 on business 出差 7 take a direct flight to Cheng Du 直飞成都 2 2 句子句子 1 The best time go there is in spring or autumn 去那的最好时间是春 天或秋天 2 Do you have any plans for the May Day holidays 五一假期有什么打算 3 Howlong does it take to fly to Cheng Du 乘飞机到成都要多 久 E E StudyStudy skillsskills 主旨和细节 主旨 main points 是作者思想和写作意图在文中的集中体现 起着统率和支配全文的作用 要获得主旨就必须整体感知和概括文章 也就是要首先了解文章的内容和大意 然后提炼主旨 细节 details 主要是描写事物特征 解释含义 表述原因结果 比较异同 提供数据 论述 观点的部分 细节是用来支持主旨的 F F TaskTask 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 in the early morning 清早 一大早 2 three and a half hours three hours and a half 三个半小时 3 relatives and friends 亲朋好友 精品文档 6欢迎下载 4 leave for sp 出发去某地 2 2 句子句子 1 It took us three and a half hours to fly to Hong Kong 我们乘飞机去香港大约花了三个半小时 2 I hope I can visit it again some day I home to visit it again someday 我希望某天能在此浏览 Unit3 Unit3 OnlineOnline tourtour A A ComicComic StripStrip 分割地位平等的独立子句 7 冒号 Colon 对冒号前面内容介绍或解释 放在引号之前使用 8 省略号 Ellipsis 表示词汇的省略 也可用于说话的犹豫 迟疑 F F TaskTask 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 be once used to be 曾经 2 be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 3 make up one s mind 决定 4 make up one s mind doing sth decide to de sth 决定做某事 5 not as as 不如 Unit8 Unit8 A A greengreen worldworld A A ComicComic stripstrip WelcomeWelcome toto thethe UnitUnit 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 live a green life 居住绿色生活 2 be going to do sth 打算做某事 3drive sb to sp 开车送某人去某地 4 turn off 关 电器 灯 煤气等 turn on 开 电器 灯 煤气等 补充 turn up 声音 调高 turn down 声音 调低 补充 cause sb sth cause sth to sb 给某人带来某物 cause sb to do sth 导致 使某人做某事 2 2 句子句子 1 What are you going to do 你打算做什么 2 Will more trees be planted this year 今年更多树会被种植吗 被动语态 3 My dad used to drive me to school 我爸爸过去常常开车送我上学 4 It s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles 对人们来说选择公共交通工具或骑自行车出行是明智的 5 We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles We can ride bicycles to reduce air pollution 我们可以通过骑自行车减少空气污染 6 We can save water by taking shorter showers We can take shorter showers to save water 我们可以通过洗短淋浴节水 7 We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room We can turn off the lights when we leave a room to save energy 我们可以通过离开房间时随手关灯节约能源 8 We can protect the environment by recycling waste We can recycle waste to protect the environment 我们可以通过回收废物保护环境 B B ReadingReading 1 1 短语和固定搭配短语和固定搭配 1 keep it that way 让它一直保持那样 精品文档 19欢迎下载 2 be separate into different groups 被分成不同的种类 3 limit air and water pollution 限制空气和水污染 4 cost very little 成本低廉 5 run out 用完 耗尽 6 separate into 把 分成 be separated into 被分成 被动语态 7 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 8 some some and others 一些 一些 还有一些 9 depend on upon 依靠 10 make a difference to sb sth 对 有影响 对 起作用 2 2 句子句子 1 We are not allowed to cut down trees 砍伐树木是不允许的 2 Nature is our greatest treasure 大自然是我们最大的财富 3 We depend on it s rich resources to live 我们依靠其丰富的资源生活 4 What have you done for the environment 你为环境做了什么 5 Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference 记住每个人都可以做些对保护环境有益的事 C C GrammarGrammar 被动语态的一般将来时 1 基本构成 will be going to be V ed 2 基本句型 肯定句 will be going to be V ed 否定句 will be going to be not V ed 一般疑问句及回答 Will be going to be V ed 肯定 Yes will be going to be 否定 No will be going to be not 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 will be going to be V ed 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 clean up 清理 2 living things 生物 3 work together 共同努力 共同奋斗 4 do harm to sb 伤害某人 5 be filled with 被 填满 充满 装满 被动语态 be full of 2 2 句子句子 1 Pollution is one of the biggest problem in the world today 污染是当今世界上最大的问题之一 2 The air is filled with pollution 空气充满污染 3 If we work together we can make the world a better place 如果我们共同努力 世界将变得更美好 D D IntegratedIntegrated skillsskills 1 1 短语及固定搭配短语及固定搭配 1 fewer students 几个学生 几乎没有学生 2 keep soil in place 使土壤不流失 3 be harmful to 对 有害 4 keep in place 在正确位置 2 2 句子句子 1 Pollution has become a serious problem all around the world 污染已经是全球的一个严重问题 2 I think