初中英语写作提高技巧与模板

英语写作“一审”即审题。主要是看清楚题目要求，读懂题目所表达的含义，抓住要点，注意文体是什么，准备写作的人称和时态：如果是日记和故事，宜采用过去时态；如是简介之类的，宜采用现在时态。“二写”即列纲。主要是列个提纲，考虑所要选用的单词、词组、句型，要能根据自己的英语水平，尽量扬长避短，避难就易。遇到想不起的词、句时，就用同（近）义词或同义句代替，不要使用没有把握的词句，并且要综合考虑所涉及到的情景、场合，语言要地道。“三连”即连句成文。根据短文的内容要求，确定先写什么，后写什么，按照表述内容的情节发展和实际需要，重新排列组合已写成的句子，划分必要的段落，一般分成三段。但要注意句式的灵活运用，长、短句，简单句，复合句要搭配运用。“四改”即修改润色全文。主要是看全文符不符合题目要求，行文是否流畅，有没有遗漏要点；语法是不是正确，包括单词的拼写、大小写、标点符号、时态、语态、单复数、主谓一致、冠词等。*总之做到三审：体裁、时态、人称；三思：词汇短语句式；三查：要点、拼写和语法、连贯文章分3段：（1）综述：概括性强，最多2句话引入主题；（2）正文主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3个方面，每个方面最多2句话；（3）结尾：紧扣主题，2句话内结束，尽量升华。一开头用语：A.Justaseverycoinhastwosides,carshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesB.Comparedtoletters,e-mailsaremoreconvenient.C.Opinionsaredividedontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoflivinginthecityandinthecountryside.D.Asweallknow,computershaveplayedanimportantrole/partinourdailylife.E.Whydoyougotouniversity?Differentpeoplehavedifferentpointsofview.F.WiththedevelopmentofinternetmoreandmorepopularG.AsastudentK.asanoldsayinggoes.句式：1.too.to.Heisveryyoung.hecantgotoschool.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.2.so.that.Heisveryclever.Hecanworkouttheproblem.Heissocleverthathecanworkitouttheproblem.Heiscleverenoughtoworkouttheproblem.3.notonly.butalso.4.Ithasmanyadvantages.First,优点1Besides,优点25.However,everycoinhastwosides.Italsobringsusbadinfluences.Ontheonehand,缺点1Ontheotherhand,缺点2Shenotonlyplayswell,butalsowritesmusic.她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。4.Itisimportant（easy, hard, possible, good, bad）forsb.Todosth.还有ratherthannotuntilaswellas慢慢的补充2连词：1)表层次:first,firstly,second,secondly,third,thirdly,tobeginwith,tostartwith,whatismore,last,also,andthen,next,besidesAtfirst;atlast;intheendthen/next/afterthatwhen/while/assoonas/notuntilinaddtionfinallyOnonehand.ontheotherhand，each/onecoinhastwosides，2)表转折；but,however,though,although,afterall,inspiteof，fortunately，unfortunately，atthesametime3)表递近：inaddition,besides,moreover,whatsmore4)因果because,so,becauseof,thanksto,dueto,for,since,owingto,asaresult(of),hence,thus5)例证forexample,forinstance,suchas6)表示利弊的：begood/badforsb.;beharmfultosb.;doharmtosb.;sth.benefitsb.;havegreat/muchinfluenceonsb.; sbbenefitfromsth.;affect;haveaneffectonsb.;表示喜爱的：love/like/enjoy;befondof;beinterestedin;showgreatinterestin;loseoneselfin;putonesheartinto;7)总结AsIsee,Asforme，Asweallknow,ingeneral,generallyspeaking, Ithink.,infact,inaword,inbrief,inconclusion,inshort,insummary,tosumup,十、作文万能句式Iwillworkhardtomakemydreamcometrue.Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrueoneday.Ittakessb.+时间+todoSb.spend（某种人称时态）+时间/钱+onsth./(in)doingsth.Itsimportant/necessary/useful/useless/common(forsb.)tovItsnice/kindofsb.tov.Itstimeforsb.todosth.ItsawasteoftimetoItsyears/dayssincesb.+vedItsgreatfuntodo=sb.havegreatfundoingItsapitythatItsanhonortoIm/WerenotallowedtoImafraidofmakingmistakesTherebedoingGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinsthis/arewellworthv-ing.Itseems/seemedthatItseems(im)possibletovItissaidthatand.aredifferentinmanyways.too+adj./adv.todoTherearemanydifferencesbetweenand写作：随着社会的发展，小汽车越来越普遍，有人说方便，有人说它污染环境等等。请你写一篇作文表达你对小汽车的看法。（pollutionn污染trafficaccident交通事故convenientadj.方便的）初中英语作文写作方法和范文，模板 英语作文经典开头方式 Type1引述他人观点(为提出自己观点铺垫) 1 It is widely(commonly) accepted(hold)+THAT 2 A widely accepted(commonly) hold idea(point of view, viewpoint, opinion, assumption)is +THAT/NP 3 A/The dominant(prevalent, prevailing)idea(see 2)is NP/to DO 4 It is taken for granted+THAT(or:We often/frequently take it for granted THAT) 5 People(The majority) seem to get accustomed to the idea(see 2),without questioning,THAT ) 6 People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ 7 People are willing to DO,while reluctant to DO Type2提出异议 1 However (But), 2 Such idea(see1-2),if not entirely ADJ1,is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration. ADJI=unreasonable, unacceptable, inappropriate, improper, undesirable, etc; ADJ2=misleading, doubtrul, etc 3 In fact(As a matter of fact),(follow2) 4 However, it is not (quite, necessarily)the case. ( 5 This (It) is not (quite, necessarily) the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.(or:further consideration/discussion) Type3论述的展开:说明原因和理由,层进,举例,转折 1 The reason lies in several aspects, ( 2 The reason why+clause+1, underlined (3Thereareseveralremarkablereasons.(4层进inaddition,besides,fruthermore,whatsmore,ontheotherhand,meanwhile,foronethingforanother;finally,aboveall,inshort.5举例forexample,forinstance,such(generalterm)as(specificterms),atypical(striking)exampleisthat,acaseinpoint6转折 however,but,nevertheless,onthecontrary7条件if,providedthat,unless,aslongas,etcType4就而言;关于1asfarasis/areconcemed:Asfarascurrentsituationisconcerned2asttheproblemastoNP有关的问题Type5问题1Althoughmuchefforthasbeenmade,thesituationisfarfromsatisfactory(or:theproblemremainsunsolved,littleimprovementhasbeenachieved)2Thereisatendency,asrecentstudy(investigation)haspointedout(shown,revealed,indicated),+THAT3Thereisgrowingconcernabout+NP4Itwillinevitably(islikelyto)resultin(leadto)unwanted(serious)consequence(orNP)5Unfortunately,6Wewillnotbeabletoaffordtheriskofoverlookingtheseriousnessofthematter.7Theprocess,onceinitiated,ismostlikelyirreversible.8Weareconstantly(frequently)facedwithNP(TYPE6重要与必要;(应)注意与重视1NP1isofgreatimportance(necessity,value)inNP2(or:NPisofenormoussignificance)(2Theimportance(necessity)ofNP(todosth.)liesin(thefact)that3NP1plays,asisknown,anirreplaceablyimportantroleinNP24TheirreplaceablyimportantroleNP1playsinNP2issignificant(obvous)5NP1isanindispensablepartofNP2)6Itisimportant(necessary)toDO(or:THAT)7Specialattentionshouldbepayto(or:Weshouldpayspecialattentionto)8Whatweshouldtakeintoconsiderationis+NPType7行动(1(immediate,emergent,effective)Measuresarebeingtaken(hasbeentaken,shouldbetaken)toDO3Wehavemademucheffort,thereisstillmoreweneedtomake(cf.Wehavelearntalot,thereismuchmoreweneedtolea123)英语作文的结尾方式示例文章结尾的作用是概括全文内容,进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意义表达得更加深刻。文章结尾的形式也是多种多样的,常见的有以下几种:1、首尾呼应,画龙点睛在文章的结尾,把含义较深的话放在末尾,以点明主题,深化主题,起到画龙点睛的效果。如“ICannotForgetHer”(我忘不了她)的结尾:Afterherdeath,Ifeltasifsomethingweremissinginmylife.Iwassadoverherpassingaway,butIknewshewouldnothavehadanyregretsathavinggivenherlifeforthebenefitofthepeople.2、重复主题句结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上,达到强调的效果。如“ILoveMyHomeTown”(我爱家乡)的结尾:Ilovemyhometown,andIloveitspeople.Theytoohavechanged.Theyaregoingallouttodomoreforthegoodofourmotherland.3、自然结尾随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾:Icaughtasmanyastwentyfishintwohours,butmybrothercaughtmanymore.Tiredfromfishing,welaydownontheriverbank,bathinginthesun.Wereturnedhomeverylate.4、含蓄性的结尾用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法,而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“ADayofHarvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾:Eveningcamebeforewerealizedit.Weputdownoursicklesandlookedateachother.Ourclotheswerewetwithsweat,butoneveryfacetherewasasmile.5、用反问结尾虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,并具有特别的强调作用,引起读者深思。如“ShouldWeLearntoDoHousework?”(我们要不要学做家务?)的结尾。Everyoneshouldlearntodohousework.Dontyouagree,boysandgirls?6、指明方向,激励读者结尾表示对将来的展望,或期待读者投入行动。如“LetsGoinforSports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾:Aswehavesaidabove,sportscanbeofgreatvalue.Theynotonlymakepeoplelivehappilybutalsohelppeopletolearnvirtuesanddotheirworkbettter.Asoundmindisinasoundbody.Letsgoinforsports.文章的结尾没有一定的模式,可以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。一般的习惯是,一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法;但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语,以便使文章首尾呼应,结构完整。英语作文记叙文写作技巧记叙文是记人叙事的文章,它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果,即我们通常所说的五个W(what,who,when,where,why)和一个H(how)。记叙文的重点在于述说和描写,因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚,描写生动形象。下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。一、记叙文的特点1.叙述的人称英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过我来传达给读者,使人读后感到真实可信,如身临其境。如:Theotherday,Iwasdrivingalongthestreet.Suddenly,acarlostitscontrolandrandirectlytowardsmefast.IwassofrightenedthatIquicklyturnedtotheleftside.Butitwastoolate.ThecarhitmybikeandIfelloffit.用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受我活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:LittleTomwasgoingtoschoolwithanumbrella,foritwasraininghard.Ontheway,hesawanoldwomanwalkingintherainwithnothingtocover.Tomwentuptotheoldwomanandwantedtosharetheumbrellawithher,buthewastooshort.Whatcouldhedo?Thenhehadagoodidea.2.动词的时态在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的,这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。3.叙述的顺序记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。4.叙述的过渡过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:Inmysummerholidays,Ididalotofthings.Apartformdoingmyhomework,readinganEnglishnovel,watchingTVanddoingsomehousework,IwentonatriptoQingdao.Itisreallyabeautifulcity.Therearemanyplacesofinteresttosee.Butwhatimpressedmemostwasthesunrise.ThenextmorningIgotupearly.Iwasveryhappybecauseitwasafineday.BythetimeIgottothebeach,thecloudsonthehorizonwereturningred.Inalittlewhile,asmallpartofthesunwasgraduallyappearing.Thesunwasveryred,notshining.Itroseslowly.Atlastitbrokethroughtheredcloudsandjumpedabovethesea,justlikeadeep-redball.Atthesametimethecloudsandtheseawaterbecameredandbright.Whatamovingandunforgettablescene!5.叙述与对话引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果: Iwasinthekitchen,andIwascookingsomething.SuddenlyIheardaloudnoisefromthefront.Ithoughtmaybesomeonewasknockingthedoor.IaskedwhoitwasbutIheardnoreply.AfterawhileIsawmycatrunningacrosstheparlor.Irealizeditwasthecat.Ifeltreleased.这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把悬念给冲淡了。可作如下调整:Iwasinthekitchencookingsomething.Crash!aloudnoisecamefromthefront.Thinkingsomeonewasknockingatthedoor,Iasked,Who?Noreply.Afterawhile,Isawmycatrunningacrosstheparlor.Itsyou.Isaid,quitereleased.二、写好记叙文的基本要领1.头绪分明,脉络清楚写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个W和一个H有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些W和H,但动笔之前,围绕五个W和H进行构思是必不可少的。集整理)2.突出中心,详略得当在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:Onenightamancametoourhouseandtoldme,Thereisafamilywitheightchildren.Theyhavenoteatenfordays.Itooksomefoodwithmeandwent.WhenIfinallycametothatfamily,Isawthefacesofthoselittlechildrendisfigured(破坏外貌)byhunger.Therewasnosorroworsadnessintheirfaces,justthedeeppainofhunger.Nowadays,therearemoreandmore(某种现象)in(某种场合).Itisestimatedthat(相关数据).Whyhavetherebeensomany(某种现象)?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Thefirstoneis(原因一).Besides,(原因二).Thethirdoneis(原因三).Tosumup,themaincauseof(某种现象)isdueto(最主要原因).Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,(解决办法一).Ontheotherhand,(解决办法二).Allthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberof(某种现象).利弊型作文写作模板这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)1.说明事物现状2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)3.你对现状(或前景)的看法NowadaysmanypeoplepreferAbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.First-(A的优点之一).Besides-(A的优点之二).Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat-(A的第一个缺点).Tomakemattersworse,-(A的第二个缺点).Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoverweighthenegativeones.Therefore,Iwouldliketo-(我的看法).(FromthecomparisonbetweenthesepositiveandnegativeeffectsofA,weshouldtakeitreasonablyanddoitaccordingtothecircumstanceswearein.Onlybythisway,-(对前景的预测).)英语旅游日记我是一个美国学生,来中国旅游,去了长城、天安门等地方,词数不少于60个,注意要用过去式,开头已给出:Wednesday,August2ndItwasafineday!范文Itwasafineday!IwenttoseveralplacesofinterestsuchastheGreatWallandTiananmensquare.IwasamazedbyChinashistoricalbackgroundandtheindustriousChinesepeoplewhobuilttheGreatWall.Peopleareveryfriendlyhere.IwasgreetedbyamiablepeoplewhowereniceenoughtotellmeaboutthehistoryofChinaandbymodeststudentswholaterpracticedspeakingEnglishwithme.ChinahasleftmeawonderfulimpressionandIlookforwardtocomebackherefortheOlympics.解决方法型作文写作模板要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径:1.问题现状2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)Inrecentdays,wehavetofaceIproblem-A,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.First,-(说明A的现状).Second,-(举例进一步说明现状)ConfrontedwithA,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,-(解决方法一).Foranother-(解决方法二).Finally,-(解决方法三).Personally,Ibelievethat-(我的解决方法).Consequently,Imconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause-(带来的好处).阐述主题型作文写作模板要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述.1.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义.2.分析并举例使其更充实.Thegoodoldproverb-(名言或谚语)remindsusthat-(释义).Indeed,wecanlearnmanythingsformit.Firstofall,-(理由一).Forexample,-(举例说明).Secondly,-(理由二).Anothercaseisthat-(举例说明).Furthermore,-(理由三).Inmyopinion,-(我的观点).Inshort,whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesay-A.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstudyorwork,youllnecessarilybenefitalotfromit.对比观点型作文写作模板1)要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1.有一些人认为。2.另一些人认为。3.我的看法。Thetopicof-(主题)isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Therearetwosidesofopinionsofit.SomepeoplesayAisheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonof-(支持A的理由一)Whatismore,-理由二).Moreover,-(理由三).WhileothersthinkthatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firstly,-(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),-(理由二).Thirdly(finally),-(理由三).Frommypointofview,Ithink-(我的观点).Thereasonisthat-(原因).Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformerissurelyawisechoice.2)给出一个观点,要求考生反对这一观点Somepeoplebelievethat-(观点一).Forexample,theythink-(举例说明).Anditwillbringthem-(为他们带来的好处).Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,-(我不同意该看法的理由一).Foranotherthing,-(反对的理由之二).FormallwhatIhavesaid,Iagreetothethoughtthat-(我对文章所讨论主题的看法).8)表示因果关系的过渡词:because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result 9)表示解释说明的过渡词:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually 10)表示强调的过渡词:in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important 11)表示目的的过渡词:for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, 12)表示列举的过渡词:for example , such as 13)表示总结性的过渡词:in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking 4.不会表达,另辟蹊径 中考作文给分是以要点和语言准确度而定,不以文采打分。造句越简单准确越好,造复合句容易出错,容易被扣分,阅卷场上有句话:错误面前人人平等,文采好不加分。如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达,可采用变通的办法,化难为易,化繁为简。总之,所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。 (1)迂回而行 当汉语词义不会用英语表达时,可以想一个与这个汉语词义相似的几种词义。扩展思路,然后从英语中找出一个与其词义相近的代替。这样可有异曲同工之妙。 (2)小词大用 汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅,但在英语中可用一些常用词表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中很有用:take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help等。 (3)借花献佛 有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为刚刚做过题,记忆犹新,那么就可信手拈来,为我所用。 5.锦上添花,量力而行 如果你还有时间和精力,想把书面表达写得更好,那么,请注意以下几点: (1)句型多样化,不要I(We)到底,使人觉得乏味。 (2)适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句。 (3)进一步描绘人或事物时,适当使用定语从句。 (4)适当使用分词或分词短语,烘托谓语动词。 (5)偶尔使用一下倒装句,增加新鲜感。