西南大学考博英语测试题三

精品文档 1欢迎下载 西南大学西南大学 20092009 年博士研究生入学考试英语考试试卷三年博士研究生入学考试英语考试试卷三 PartPart l l VocabularyVocabulary 10 10 points points Directions Directions InIn thisthis partpart therethere areare 2020 incompleteincomplete sentences sentences ForFor eacheach sentencesentence therethere areare fourfour choiceschoices markedmarked A A B B C C andand D D ChooseChoose thethe oneone thatthat bestbest completescompletes thethe followingfollowing sentences sentences ThenThen blackenblacken thethe correspondingcorresponding letterletter onon thethe AnswerAnswer Sheet Sheet 1 1 FindingFinding thethe causecause ofof a a diseasedisease willwill provideprovide a a forfor researchresearch onon a a curecure forfor it it A A prospectprospect B B IncentiveIncentive C C spurspur D D inducementinducement 2 2 OnceOnce youyou getget toto knowknow youryour mistakes mistakes youyou shouldshould themthem asas soonsoon asas possible possible A A rectifyrectify B B reclaimreclaim C C refrainrefrain D D reckonreckon 3 3 YearsYears afterafter thethe accidentaccident hehe waswas stillstill byby imagesimages ofof deathdeath andand destruction destruction A A twistedtwisted B B hauntedhaunted C C dippeddipped D D submergedsubmerged 4 4 ItIt isis a a generousgenerous andand receptivereceptive intelligenceintelligence thatthat waswas fromfrom attainingattaining itsits fullfull scopescope byby badbad training training poorpoor schoolschool andand lacklack ofof opportunity opportunity A A foiledfoiled B B thwartedthwarted C C balkedbalked D D inhabitedinhabited 5 5 TheThe headhead windowwindow ofof thethe carcar isis mademade ofof safetysafety glassglass thatthat won twon t ifif itit isis broken broken A A shattershatter B B shuddershudder C C crushcrush D D crumplecrumple 6 6 TheThe mechanicmechanic jackedjacked upup thethe carcar andand thenthen to to changechange thethe tire tire A A advancedadvanced B B wentwent C C proceededproceeded D D movedmoved 7 7 AsAs I I havehave mentioned mentioned anan importantimportant sourcesource ofof humanhuman stressstress isis thethe betweenbetween thethe demandsdemands ofof thethe individualindividual andand thosethose ofof hishis society society A A splashsplash B B smashsmash C C crashcrash D D clashclash 8 8 FromFrom hishis directions directions itit shouldn tshouldn t bebe difficultdifficult toto thethe beachbeach househouse inin thethe map map eveneven thoughthough youyou havehave nevernever beenbeen therethere before before A A determinedetermine B B locatelocate C C unearthunearth D D ascertainascertain 9 9 HisHis thoughtsthoughts werewere fromfrom thisthis painfulpainful topictopic byby thethe suddensudden arrivalarrival ofof a a neighbor neighbor A A attractedattracted B B retractedretracted C C distracteddistracted D D protractedprotracted 10 10 IfIf somethingsomething itit graduallygradually developsdevelops andand changeschanges overover a a periodperiod ofof timetime intointo somethingsomething differentdifferent andand usuallyusually moremore advanced advanced A A revolvesrevolves B B evolvesevolves C C resolvesresolves D D involvesinvolves 11 11 A A carefulcareful dailydaily readingreading ofof thethe newspapernewspaper willwill thethe readerreader asas toto whatwhat isis happening happening A A acquaintacquaint B B adviseadvise C C enlightenenlighten D D appreciateappreciate 12 12 A A statementstatement willwill veryvery likelylikely bebe oneone thatthat appearsappears toto bebe convincingconvincing onon thethe surface surface butbut which which uponupon closercloser examination examination isis notnot so so A A reasonablereasonable B B plausibleplausible C C crediblecredible D D laudablelaudable 13 13 BecauseBecause folkfolk artart isis neitherneither completelycompletely rejectedrejected nornor acceptedaccepted asas anan artart formform byby artart historians historians therethere finalfinal evaluationsevaluations ofof itit necessarilynecessarily remainremain A A arbitraryarbitraryB B estimableestimableC C unspokenunspoken D D equivocalequivocal 14 14 HisHis constantconstant attemptsattempts toto hishis colleagues colleagues achievementachievement eventuallyeventually causedcaused hishis dismissal dismissal A A withdrawwithdrawB B diminishdiminishC C restrainrestrain D D confineconfine 15 15 TheThe ageage ofof thethe generalgeneral practitionerpractitioner isis over over MoreMore endend moremore graduatesgraduates ofof medicalmedical schoolsschools lendlend toto thatthat is is toto concentrateconcentrate onon limitedlimited areasareas ofof theirtheir research research A A generalizegeneralizeB B rationalizerationalizeC C studystudy D D specializespecialize 16 16 I I cancan thinkthink ofof nothingnothing moremore thanthan arrivingarriving atat thethe theatertheater andand discoveringdiscovering thatthat I I havehave leftleft thethe ticketstickets atat home home A A viciousviciousB B invitinginvitingC C vexationsvexations D D immoralimmoral 17 17 ItIt wouldwould bebe difficultdifficult forfor oneone soso toto bebe ledled toto believebelieve thatthat allall menmen areare equalequal andand thatthat wewe mustmust disregarddisregard race race color color andand creed creed A A emotionalemotional B B broadmindedbroadminded C C toleranttolerant D D intolerantintolerant 18 18 AmericanAmerican literaryliterary historianshistorians areare perhapsperhaps toto viewingviewing theirtheir ownown nationalnational scenescene tootoo narrowly narrowly mistakingmistaking prominenceprominence forfor uniqueness uniqueness A A proneprone B B legiblelegible C C incompatibleincompatible D D priorprior 19 19 TheThe doctordoctor ponderedpondered forfor a a while while tryingtrying toto recallrecall whichwhich ofof severalseveral medicationsmedications wouldwould bebe bestbest toto thethe patientpatient s s suffering suffering A A alleviatealleviate B B restrictrestrict C C decreasedecrease D D diminishdiminish 20 20 AccordingAccording toto Plato Plato thethe mostmost importantimportant ideaidea isis thethe ideaidea ofof goodgood KnowledgeKnowledge ofof geedgeed isis thethe objectobject ofof allall inquiry inquiry a a goalgoal toto whichwhich allall otherother thingsthings areare A A approximateapproximate B B crucialcrucial C C subordinatesubordinate D D detacheddetached PartPart 2 2 ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehension 30 30 points points Directions Directions ThereThere areare 6 6 readingreading passagespassages inin thisthis part part EachEach passagepassage isis followedfollowed byby somesome questionsquestions oror unfinishedunfinished statements statements ForFor eacheach ofof themthem therethere areare fourfour choiceschoices markedmarked A A B B C C andand D D youyou shouldshould decidedecide onon thethe bestbest choicechoice andand markmark youryour answeranswer onon thethe AnswerAnswer Sheet Sheet QuestionsQuestions 2121 toto 2525 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passage passage WithWith thethe rapidrapid globalizationglobalization ofof sciencescience itselfitself more more thanthan 4040 percentpercent ofof scientificscientific Ph D Ph D studentsstudents trainedtrained inin thethe UnitedUnited StatesStates areare nownow foreignforeign nationals nationals roughlyroughly halfhalf ofof whomwhom returnreturn toto theirtheir countriescountries ofof origin origin thethe onceonce undisputedundisputed U S U S scientificscientific lead lead whetherwhether relevantrelevant toto productproduct leadlead oror not not isis diminishing diminishing TheThe competitioncompetition ofof foreignforeign studentsstudents forfor positionspositions inin U S U S graduategraduate schoolsschools hashas alsoalso contributedcontributed toto makingmaking scientificscientific trainingtraining relativelyrelatively unattractiveunattractive toto U S U S students students becausebecause thethe rapidlyrapidly increasingincreasing supplysupply ofof studentsstudents hashas diminisheddiminished thethe relativerelative rewardsrewards ofof 精品文档 2欢迎下载 thisthis careercareer path path ForFor thethe bestbest andand brightestbrightest fromfrom low low incomeincome countries countries a a positionposition asas a a researchresearch assistantassistant inin thethe UnitedUnited StatesStates isis attractive attractive whereaswhereas thethe bestbest andand brightestbrightest U S U S studentsstudents mightmight nownow seesee betterbetter optionsoptions inin otherother fields fields ScienceScience andand engineeringengineering careers careers toto thethe extentextent thatthat theythey areare openingopening upup toto foreignforeign competitioncompetition whether whether importedimported oror availableavailable throughthrough betterbetter communication communication alsoalso seemseem toto bebe becomingbecoming relativelyrelatively lessless attractiveattractive toto U S U S students students WithWith respectrespect toto thethe rolerole ofof universitiesuniversities inin thethe innovationinnovation process process thethe speculativespeculative boomboom ofof thethe 1990s1990s which which amongamong otherother things things mademade itit possiblepossible toto convertconvert scientificscientific findingsfindings intointo cashcash ratherrather quickly wasquickly was largelylargely unexpected unexpected TheThe boomboom broughtbrought universitiesuniversities andand theirtheir facultiesfaculties intointo muchmuch closercloser contactcontact withwith privateprivate marketsmarkets asas theythey triedtried toto gaingain asas muchmuch ofof thethe economiceconomic dividendsdividends fromfrom theirtheir discoveriesdiscoveries asas possible possible ForFor a a while while hehe pathpath betweenbetween discoveriesdiscoveries inin basicbasic sciencescience andand newnew flowsflows ofof hardhard cashcash waswas considerablyconsiderably shortened shortened ButBut duringduring thethe nextnext fewfew decades decades thisthis pathpath likelylikely willwill revertrevert towardtoward itsits moremore traditionaltraditional lengthlength andand reestablish reestablish inin a a healthyhealthy way way thethe moremore traditionaltraditional and and moremore independent independent relationshiprelationship betweenbetween thethe basicbasic researchresearch donedone atat universitiesuniversities andand thosethose entitiesentities thatthat translatetranslate ideasideas intointo productsproducts andand services services InIn thethe interveningintervening years years anotheranother newnew forceforce alsoalso greatlygreatly facilitatedfacilitated globalization globalization thethe rapidrapid growthgrowth ofof thethe InternetInternet andand cheapcheap wide bandwidthwide bandwidth internationalinternational munication Today Today complexcomplex designdesign activitiesactivities cancan taketake placeplace inin locationslocations quitequite removedremoved fromfrom manufacturing manufacturing otherother businessbusiness functions functions andand thethe consumer consumer Indeed Indeed therethere isis nownow ampleample opportunityopportunity forfor real timereal time communicationcommunication betweenbetween businessbusiness functionsfunctions thatthat areare quitequite independentindependent ofof theirtheir specificspecific locations locations ForFor example example softwaresoftware development development withwith allall itsits changeschanges andand complications complications cancan toto a a considerableconsiderable extentextent bebe donedone overseasoverseas forfor a a U S U S customer customer ForeignForeign callcall centerscenters cancan respondrespond instantlyinstantly toto questionsquestions fromfrom thousandsthousands ofof milesmiles away away TheThe resultresult isis thatthat low wagelow wage workersworkers inin thethe FarFar EastEast andand inin somesome otherother countriescountries areare comingcoming intointo everever moremore directdirect competitioncompetition withwith a a muchmuch widerwider spectrumspectrum ofof U S U S labor labor unskilledunskilled inin thethe casecase ofof callcall centers centers moremore highlyhighly skilledskilled inin thethe casecase ofof programmers programmers 21 21 TheThe rapidrapid globalizationglobalization ofof sciencescience A A hashas ledled toto thethe rapidrapid growthgrowth ofof thethe Internet Internet B B hashas diminisheddiminished thethe relativerelative rewardsrewards ofof sciencescience andand engineeringengineering careerscareers C C hashas resultedresulted inin thethe fiercefierce competitioncompetition ofof scientificscientific trainingtraining inin thethe U S U S D D hashas contributedcontributed toto thethe diminishdiminish ofof U S U S scientificscientific leadershipleadership 22 22 AccordingAccording toto thisthis texttext A A thethe careers careers unattractiveunattractive toto U S U S studentsstudents maymay notnot bebe soso toto foreignforeign studentsstudents B B ScienceScience andand engineeringengineering clientsclients areare unattractiveunattractive exclusivelyexclusively toto U S U S StudentsStudents C C U S U S studentsstudents areare notnot courageouscourageous enoughenough toto faceface foreignforeign competitioncompetition D D U S U S StudentsStudents areare notnot wellwell preparedprepared toto competecompete withwith foreignforeign studentsstudents 23 23 ItIt cancan bebe inferredinferred fromfrom thethe texttext thatthat A A ScientistsScientists rarelyrarely expectexpect toto makemake moneymoney fromfrom theirtheir discoveriesdiscoveries inin basicbasic sciencescience B B itit willwill bebe muchmuch easiereasier toto convertconvert scientificscientific findingsfindings intointo cashcash inin thethe nearnear futurefuture C C thethe boomboom ofof thethe 1990s1990s couldcould bebe consideredconsidered somewhatsomewhat unhealthyunhealthy D D thethe boomboom ofof thethe 1990s1990s willwill lastlast atat leastleast forfor severalseveral decadesdecades 24 24 AllAll ofof thethe followingfollowing mightmight havehave contributedcontributed toto globalizationglobalization except except A A thethe unprecedentedunprecedented developmentdevelopment ofof InternetInternet B B thethe closercloser contactcontact ofof universitiesuniversities withwith privateprivate marketsmarkets C C real timereal time communicationcommunication betweenbetween businessbusiness functionsfunctions D D thethe prevalenceprevalence ofof wide bandwidthwide bandwidth internationalinternational communicationcommunication 25 25 ThisThis texttext isis mainlymainly aboutabout A A thethe scientificscientific leadershipleadership ofof thethe U S U S B B thethe shortageshortage ofof scientistsscientists inin thethe U S U S C C thethe rapidrapid globalizationglobalization ofof sciencescience D D betterbetter communicationcommunication andand globalizationglobalization QuestionsQuestions 2626 toto 3030 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passagepassage InIn recentrecent years years wewe havehave allall watchedwatched thethe increasingincreasing commercializationcommercialization ofof thethe campus campus TheThe numerousnumerous advertisingadvertising postersposters andand thethe goldengolden archesarches ofof fastfast foodfood outletsoutlets maymay bebe anan insultinsult toto ourour aestheticaesthetic sensibilities sensibilities butbut theythey are are arguably arguably nono worseworse thanthan ugly ugly SomeSome ofof thethe otherother newnew featuresfeatures ofof commercializedcommercialized campuscampus lifelife do do however however constituteconstitute a a seriousserious threatthreat toto thingsthings wewe rightlyrightly respect respect Privatization Privatization andand thethe business business model model areare thethe potentialpotential menace menace WhatWhat dodo thesethese notionsnotions mean mean ToTo me me theythey involveinvolve anan increasedincreased dependencedependence onon industryindustry andand philanthropyphilanthropy forfor operatingoperating thethe university university anan increasedincreased amountamount ofof ourour resourcesresources beingbeing directeddirected toto appliedapplied oror so calledso called practicalpractical Subjects Subjects bothboth inin teachingteaching andand inin research research a a proprietaryproprietary treatmenttreatment ofof researchresearch results results withwith thethe commercialcommercial interestinterest inin secrecysecrecy overridingoverriding thethe public spublic s interestinterest inin free free sharedshared knowledge knowledge andand anan attemptattempt toto runrun thethe universityuniversity moremore likelike a a businessbusiness thatthat treatstreats industryindustry andand studentsstudents asas clientsclients andand ourselvesourselves asas serviceservice providersproviders withwith somethingsomething toto sell sell WeWe paypay increasingincreasing attentionattention toto thethe immediateimmediate needsneeds andand demandsdemands ofof ourour customers customers and and asas thethe oldold sayingsaying goes goes the the customercustomer isis alwaysalways right right PrivatizationPrivatization isis particularlyparticularly frighteningfrightening fromfrom thethe pointpoint ofof viewview ofof publicpublic well being well being A A researcherresearcher employedemployed byby a a university affiliateduniversity affiliated hospitalhospital inin Canada Canada workingworking underunder contractcontract withwith a a medicine makingmedicine making company company mademade publicpublic herher findingsfindings thatthat a a particularparticular drugdrug waswas harmful harmful ThisThis violatedviolated thethe termsterms ofof herher contract contract andand soso sheshe waswas fired fired HerHer dismissaldismissal causedcaused a a scandal scandal andand sheshe waswas subsequentlysubsequently reinstated reinstated TheThe universityuniversity andand hospitalhospital inin questionquestion areare nownow workingworking outout somethingsomething akinakin toto tenuretenure forfor hospital basedhospital based researchersresearchers andand guidelinesguidelines forfor contracts contracts soso thatthat moremore publicpublic exposureexposure ofof privatelyprivately