商务英语函电 12保险 [武汉理工]

Unit12Insurance TeachingObjectives KnowledgeRequirements 1Tomakestudentsbefamiliarwithsometermsofinsurance2Toenablestudentstounderstandthebusinesslettersaboutinsurance CompetenceRequirements 1 Tohavestudentsskillfullywritebusinesslettersaboutinsuranceaccordingtotheusefulwords expressionsandsentences2 Tocultivatestudentsabilitytohandledifferentcasesaboutrisksandinsuranceinbusinesstransactions PartOneIntroduction Insuranceisverycloselyrelatedtoforeigntrade Ininternationaltrade thetransportationofgoodsfromthesellertothebuyerisgenerallyoveralongdistancebyair bylandorbyseaandhastogothroughtheproceduresofloading unloadingandstoring Duringthisprocessitisquitepossiblethatthegoodswillencountervariouskindsofperilsandsometimessufferlosses Inordertoprotectthegoodsagainstpossiblelossincaseofsuchperils thebuyerorthesellerbeforethetransportationofthegoodsusuallyappliedtoaninsurancecompanyforinsurancecoveringthegoodsintransit Asahighpercentageofourtradeinandoutinacountrygoesbyship whatmainlyconcernsusistheMarineInsurance Inthisunitwearegoingtodiscussthedifferentkindsofrisksofinsurancethatarecommonlydealtwithincustomarypractices MaritimeLossesaregenerallydividedintotwokinksasfollows 1 TotallossTotallossmeansalltheinsuredgoodshavebeenlosttotally 1 ActualTotalLoss alsoAbsoluteTotalLoss i e Allthegoodsinsuredhavebeenlost Nothingisleft 2 ConstructiveTotalLossTheinsuredgoodsmaynotbelosttotally but accordingtothestipulationsconcerned theycanberegardedastotallylost 2 Partiallossalso Average Partiallossmeanspartsoftheinsuredgoodsarelostordamaged TherearetwokindsofAverageinthepracticeofinsurance 1 GeneralAverageItisalossresultingfromavoluntarysacrificeorexpenditureintimeofperil forthesafetyofthehull cargoandfreight transportation 2 ParticularAverageItmeanspartiallossordamageaccidentallycausedtotheshiportoaparticularlotofgoods Particularlossisnotatotalloss Itmustbebornebytheownerofthepropertysufferingtheloss andisdistinctfromGeneralAverage whichissharedbyallwhohaveafinancialinterestinthevoyage inproportiontothevalueoftheirinterests AstothecoverageofMarineInsurance theInstituteofLondonUnderwritershasasetofuniversallyacceptedstipulations TheInstituteCargoClauses ICC Butwehaveourownclauses knownasChinaInsuranceClauses CIC madebythePeople sInsuranceCompanyofChina PICC TheseClausesaredifferentfromtheICC TheprincipalperilsthebasicMarinePolicyofthePeople sInsuranceCompanyofChina PICC insuresagainstunderitsMarineCargoClausesareasfollows FreeFromParticularAverage FPA A WithAverage WA orWithParticularAverage WPA B AllRisks AR Besidestheprincipalperils therearealsoanumberofadditionalrisks Howevertheycannotbecoveredindependentlyandshouldbeaddedtothecoveringofanyoneofthethreebasicrisksmentionedabove AdditionalRisksareusuallyclassifiedintotwocategories 1Generaladditionalriskswhichinclude 1 Theft Pilferage Non delivery TPND 2 FreshWater RainDamage FWRD 3 RiskofShortage4 Riskofintermixture Contamination5 RiskofLeakage6 RiskofClash Breakage7 RiskofOdour8 DamageCausedbyHeating Sweating9 HookDamage10 LossforDamagebyBreakageofpacking11 RiskofRust2SpecialAdditionalRiskswhichinclude 1 WarRisk2 StrikeRisk3 OnDeckRisk4 FailuretoDeliverRisk5 RejectRisk PartTwoInsuranceandSampleLetters 2 1StructuralPartsofInsuranceLetterAnalysisofLetterofInsurance AskingSellertoArrangeInsuranceonbehalfofBuyer Upontheaboveanalysis wemaycometotheimpressionandconclusionthat Structuralpartsoflettersofinsurancegenerallyconsistofthefollowingsections Section1 IdentifythereferenceletterSection4 Askforapproval expectafavorablereplyfromitscounterpart 2 2SampleLettersofInsuranceSample1Buyer sAskingforExcessiveInsuranceCoverageDearSirs Werefertothe4 000casesofIronNailsunderSalesContractNo214andarepleasedtoinformyouthatwehaveestablishedwiththeBankofChina NewYorkBranchtheconfirmed irrevocableL CNo231intheamountofUS 6 813 validuptoMay15th PleaseseetoitthattheabovementionedgoodsaretobeshippedbeforeMay15thandtheinsuranceiscoveredfor130 oftheinvoicevalueagainstAllRisks Asweunderstandthatasperyourcustomarypracticeyouonlyinsuretheshipmentsfor10 abovetheinvoicevalue theextrapremiumforadditionalcoverageshallbeforouraccount Pleasearrangeinsuranceaccordingtoourrequestandmeanwhileweareexpectingyourshippingadvice Yoursfaithfully Notes AllRisks一切险 根据中国人民保险公司制订 中国人民银行及中国保险监督委员会审批颁布的中国保险条款 CIC 规定 海洋保险基本先别有三种 即 1 FreefromParticularAverage FPA 平安险 2 WithParticularAverage WPA 水渍险 基本险 3 AllRisks一切险 综合险 cover投保 保险 premium保险费 coverage保险范围 承保险别 Sample2ReplytoBuyer sRequestforInformationaboutInsuranceCoverageDearSirs WehavereceivedyourletterofMay15thandwouldliketoinformyouofthefollowing BreakageBreakageisclassifiedunderextraneousrisks Usuallytherateis4 Ifyouarewillingtohavethegoodsinsuredagainstbreakage wewillarrangeforthat AllRisksAllRiskscoveragewilladmitalllossesoccurringatanytimethroughoutthewholecurrencyofthecoverage irrespectiveofwhethertheyarecausedbyaccidentsatseaoronland GenerallywecoverinsuranceWPAandWarRiskintheabsenceofdefiniteinstructionsfromourclients InsuranceamountOurratefora 500000A R OpenpolicyonyourcolorTV ModelTX 26byS S PrincefromDaliantoBangkokis120 ofdeclaredvalue Wetrustthatthisinformationwillbeofhelptoyouandhopetohearfromyousoon Yoursfaithfully Notes ExtraneousRisks 附加险指除了保险条款所规定的主要险别外 投保人根据自己的需要所加保一些险别 breakage破损 Sample3RiskofBreakageNotCoveredDearSirs WerefertoyourL CNo 157coveringGlazedWallTiles whichwehavejustreceived Pleasenoteforthisarticle wedonotcoverBreakage Youhaveto therefore deletetheword Breakage fromtheinsuranceclauseinthecredit Furthermore wewishtopointoutthatforsucharticlesaswindowglass porcelains etc evenifadditionalRiskofBreakagehasbeeninsured thecoverissubjecttoafranchiseof5 Inotherwords ifthebreakageissurveyedtobelessthan5 noclaimsfordamagewillbeentertained Wetrustthatthepositionisnowclear Pleasefaxtheamendmentatonce Yoursfaithfully Notes delete删去 franchise免赔率 Sample4Buyer sInsuranceLettertoInsuranceIndustryDearSirs WeareaShanghai basedImport Exportcompanyandgoingtoship10containersofhouseholdelectricalappliancestoRomenextweek Wewanttoinsurethegoodswithyou whoweknowhasaprestigiouspositionintheinsuranceindustry iftherateiswithinourexpectation WouldyoupleasequoteusyourmostfavorablepremiumrateofthegoodsfortheinsuredvalueofUS 100 000againstAllRisksplusWarRisk TheinsuranceisfromourwarehousetotheportofRome Weareawaitingyourinformation Yoursfaithfully Notes Shanghai based总部设在上海的 prestigious有声望的 premiumrate保险费率 Sample5InsuranceIndustry sReplytoBuyer sInsuranceLetterDearSirs WeacknowledgethereceiptofyourletterinquiringabouttherateofyourhouseholdelectricalappliancesexportedtoRome Thepremiumfortheabove mentionedgoodsisattherateof0 8 oftheinsuredvaluedeclaredagainstAllRisksplus0 4 againstWarRisk Youwillfinditmostfavorableamongthemarket leadinginsurers Iftherateisacceptabletoyou pleaseletusknowatyourearliestconveniencesothatwecouldprepareandsendthepolicytoyouinduecourse Yoursfaithfully Notes Thepremiumfortheabove mentionedgoodsisattherateof0 8 oftheinsuredvaluedeclaredagainstAllRisksplus0 4 againstWarRisk 译为 上述商品按保险金额的0 8 都保一切险 加上按保险金额的0 4 投保战争险 并据此计算保费 market leading在市场上占主导地位的 Summary Goodsarealwaysinsuredintransitthroughaninsurancecompanyorinsurancebrokers Claimsfordamageorlossmaybemadeifthegoodshavebeendamaged lostorinterferedwithintransit However damageanderrorsareoftennoticedlaterwhenthecontainerorthepackageisunpackedandrechecked Itiscustomarytoemploybrokersnotonlyfortheconclusionofacontractofinsurancebutalsoforthesettlementofclaims Iftheconsigneeisinformedthatthegoodshavearriveddamaged heshouldimmediatelynotifytheinsurer sagentattheportofdischargewhowillsurveythegoodsandissueasurveyreport Thenhecouldclaimindemnityfromtheinsurerbyproducingtheinsurancepolicy surveyreportandothernecessarydocuments Asahighpercentageofourtradeinandoutinacountrygoesbyship whatmainlyconcernsusistheMarineInsurance Inthisunitwemainlydiscussedthedifferentkindsofrisksofinsurancethatarecommonlydealtwithincustomarypracticesandrelativelettersbetweenrelatedparties Exercises 1 TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese 1 theinsurer 2 theinsured 3 thepremium 4 insurancepolicy 5 AllRisk AR 6 FreefromParticularAverage FPA 7 WithParticularAverage WA WPA 8 Theft PilferageandNon Delivery TPND 9 ParticularAverage P A 10 GeneralAverage G A Answer 1 保险人 2 被保险人 3 保险费 4 保险单 5 一切险 6 平安险 7 水渍险 8 盗窃提货不着险 9 单独海损 10 共同海损 2 TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese 1 Sincethecauseofthedamageiscoveredbytheinsurancepolicy youshouldclaimcompensationfromtheinsurancecompanyconcerned 2 WeusuallycovershipmentsagainstWPAandWarRisks ifyouwishtoaddanyextraneousrisks pleaseletusknowinadvance 3 Ourcustomerrequeststhatthewoodedcasesmustbereinforcedbysteelstrappingandmeanwhiletheshipmentbeinsuredagainstpilferage 4 wegenerallyinsureourexportshipmentswiththePeople sInsuranceCompanyofChina 5 Breakageisaspecialrisk forwhichanextrapremiumwillhavetobecharged 6 Sincethegoodshavebeencoveredbyinsurance wewouldrecommendyoutoapplytotheinsurancecompanyconcernedforcompensation 7 WeusuallyeffectinsuranceagainstAllRisksandWarRiskforFullinvoicevalueplus10 forthegoodssoldonCIFbasis 8 Thepremiumvarieswiththeextentofinsurance Shouldadditionalriskbecovered theextrapremiumisforbuyer saccount 1 由于损坏的原因属于保险单的保险范围之内 你们应该向有关的保险公司要求赔偿 2 我们通常将货物投保水渍险和战争险 如果你方想投保附加险 请事先告诉我们 3 我们客户要求木箱用钢条捆紧 同时 货物必须投保盗窃险 4 我们通常为我方出口船货向中国人民保险公司投保 5 破碎险上一种特殊先别 须额外收费 6 既然货物已投保 我们建议你方向有关的保险公司要求赔偿 7 对于按CIF出售的货物 我们通常按发票金额的100 加10 投保一切险和战争险 8 保险费随保险的范围变化 如果要投附加险 额外保险费由买方负担 3 TranslatethefollowingshortpassagesintoEnglish 1 请你方立即告诉我们对你方该货物要投保的详细险别 在我们没有收到客户明确通知的情况下 我们一般保水渍险和战争险 2 既然你们已经从一个有声誉的鉴定人那里获得检验报告 我们建议你们与中国人民保险公司联系 并直接与他们商定解决方法 3 并不是所有破碎险都是属于单独海损 只是由于自然灾害或意外事故所造成的破碎 如货船搁浅与沉没 或归因于着火 爆炸 或碰撞所引起的破碎才算是属于单独海损 如果没有发生上述事故 破碎便常被认为是一种普通损失 也就是我们所说的 由于 货物内在缺陷或特性 所引起的损失 不属于承保范围之内 4 按照通常惯例要在保险单或保险凭证上特别注明破碎险包括在内 包括这种特别险就必须附加保险费 这种保险费一般要比通常的海洋运输货物险的基本险高 这类险别的保险费率将根据货物种类 比如陶瓷器 根据货物的易脆性而有所不同 5 水渍险 与 平安险 是有些不同 平安险 条款不包括单独海损性质的部分损失 而 水渍险 条款当超过事先商定的百分比时 则包括此类损失 这是 水渍险 与 平安险 唯一不同之处 除此之外 平安险 条款所承保的责任与 水渍险 条款所承保的责任差不多相同 因为万一在运输途中遭遇海上意外事故 诸如搁浅 着火 爆炸或碰撞 这两种条款都全部赔偿单独海损的损失 3 TranslatethefollowingshortpassagesintoEnglish 1 Pleaseletusknowimmediatelythedetailedrisksyouwishtoinsureagainstforyourshipmentinquestion Intheabsenceofdefiniteinstructionsfromourclients wegenerallycoverWPAandWarRisks 2 Sinceyouhaveobtainedasurveyreportfromareputablesurveyor wewouldrecommendyoutocontactthePeople sInsuranceCompanyofChinaandnegotiatewiththemdirectlyforasettlement 3 Noteverybreakageisaparticularaverage Itisaparticularaveragewhenthebreakageresultsfromnaturalcalamitiesormaritimeaccidents suchasstrandingandsinkingofthecarryingvessel orisattributabletofire explosionorcollision Ifnoneoftheseconditionsoccur breakageisoftenconsideredasanordinarylossandrepresentswhatwecall inherentviceornatureofthesubjectmatterinsured whichisoutsidethescopeofthecoverage 4 Itisausualpracticetomakespecificmentionintheinsurancepolicyorcertificatethattheriskofbreakageisincluded Theinclusionofthisspecialriskwillbesubjecttoanadditionalpremiumthatwillnormallybehigherthanthebasicinsurancefortheordinarymarinerisks Therateforsuchriskwillvaryaccordingtothekindofcommodity or asinceramics accordingtothefragilityofthegoods 5 ThereissomedifferencebetweenW P A andF P A TheF P A clausedoesnotcoverpartiallossofthenatureofparticularaverage whereastheW P A clausescoversuchlosseswhentheyexceedaprearrangedpercentage ThisistheonlydifferencebetweenW P A andF P A Otherwise theprotectionundertheF P A clausewillbealmostidenticalwiththatofferedbytheW P A clause becauseintheeventofmaritimeaccidentsencounteredintransit suchasstranding fire explosionorcollision bothclauseswillcoverparticularaveragelossesinfull 4 Puttheproperformsofthefollowingwordsintheblankstocompletethedialogue consignmentbreakageliabilitycoverageattributablesubjectappointmentdealwithcalamitymediatorA Goodafternoon Mr Brown Mywasat4o clock wasn tit B Yes Mrs Wang Wehavebeenexpectingyou Mrs Wang thisisMr JordanofthePeople sInsuranceCompanyofChina Hehascometoexplaintheunfortunateaffairabouttheinsurance A Thankyouforcoming Mr Brown asyoumayrecall theFebruaryarrivedatManilaseriouslydamaged Thelossthroughwasover30 oftheconsignment We vepresentedaclaimtotheunderwritersthroughyourfirm buttheinsurancecompanyrefusedtoadmit astherewasnoinsuranceonbreakage Wenaturallywerenotsatisfiedwithsuchareply B IshouldliketohearwhatMr Jordanhastosayaboutit Youknowofcoursethatwe thesellers aremerelyactingasinthismatter TheInsuranceCompanyisresponsiblefortheclaim asfarasitiswithinthescopeofcoverage J That sjustthepoint Thelossinquestionwasbeyondthecoveragegrantedbyus Accordingtoyourinstructions wemadeoutaninsurancecertificatecoveringW P A andtheriskofbreakagewasn tmentionedinit WeranguptheCeramicsSectionofLightIndustrialProductsImport ExportCorporation butweretoldthattheircustomerhadnotaskedforcoverageincaseofbreakage B Intheletterofcreditonly forallmarinerisks Ishouldliketopointoutthatourpriceswerecalculatedwithoutinsuranceforanyspecialrisk SoweappliedfortheusualW P A coverageandletourcustomers thematterofbreakage Sincethevalidityoftheletterofcreditwasgoingtoexpireintwodays therewasnotimetowriteformoredetailedinstructions IftheL Chadbeenvalidforalongerperiod weshouldhavehadtimetomakethematterthoroughlyclear A Mr Brown ourimportlicenseonlyranuptothemiddleofFebruary consequentlywewerenotabletoextendthevalidityoftheletterofcredit ButwepresumethatthewordingofourL Cimpliescoveringtheriskofbreakage Besides whenItakeW P A insurance thatis withparticularaverage Ishouldthinktheriskofbreakageisaparticularaverage isn tit J Noteverybreakageisaparticularaverage Itisaparticularaveragewhenthebreakageresultsfromnatural ormaritimeaccidents suchasstrandingandsinkingofthecarryingvessel oris tofire explosionorcollision Ifnoneoftheseconditionsoccur breakageisoftenconsideredasanordinarylossandrepresentswhatwecallinherentviceornatureofthesubjectmatterinsuredwhichisoutsidethescopeofthecoverage A Buttheriskofbreakageiscoveredbymarineinsurance isn tit J Certainly butitisausualpracticetomakespecificmentionintheinsurancepolicy