实用英语阅读 1Effective Communication [武汉理工]

UNIT1 EffectiveCommunication Contents TextB ReadingSkills ContextClues Whenyoucomeacrossanewwordinyourreading beforelookingitupinadictionary veryoftenyoucanguessitsmeaningfromitscontext Contextheremeanswords phrases orsentencessurroundingawordandthesituationinwhichitisused Thereareoftenspecificwords contextclues inasentenceorparagraphthatcanhelpyoudeterminethemeaningofanunfamiliarword WewilldiscussthefollowingcontextcluesfromUnit1toUnit3 1 DefinitionClues 定义 2 Restatement SynonymClues 重述 同义 3 Contrast AntonymClues 对比 反义 4 ExampleClues 示例 5 CauseandEffectRelationships 因果关系 6 GeneralSenseContextClues 常识 DefinitionClues Thedefinitionofanunknownwordisusuallygiveninthesentencebyacluethatcomesrightafterorbeforeit Thecluewordsinclude be mean becalled thatis beknownas referto besaidto bedescribedas betermed Sample1Anunreasonableandlastingfearofsomethingiscalledaphobia 画线词的含义很明确 对某一事物莫名而持久的恐惧 Restatement SynonymClues Asentencewithadifficultwordoftencontainsamorefamiliarwordtomakeiteasytounderstand Youmayrecognizesomesynonymsbecausetheyaresetapartbycommas dashes orparentheses Synonymsarewordsorphrasesthataresimilarinmeaningtootherwords Sample2Theyseemtohaveproblemswithdirectionality Inotherwords theygetlost 通过 Inotherwords 我们推断这两句话的含义相同 即他们迷路了 由此 断定画线词的意思为 方向 方向感 Let sTry 1 Expertsinkinesics intheirstudyofbodymotionasrelatedtospeech hopetodiscovernewmethodsofcommunication A thestudyofbodymotionB thestudyofhistoryC thestudyofcommunication2 TheweatherinHawaiiisalwaysmild Itispleasantandwarm Thereisusuallyalightwindtocooltheair A rainyB veryhotC nottoohotortoocold3 Whalesandelephantsaregiganticanimals Nootheranimalscancomparewiththeminsize A seaB landC huge4 Inthisseason theprevailingwinds thoseusuallyblowingfromthesamedirection comefromthewest Whenyouspeakofthedirectionfromwhichwindsusuallyblow youspeakofprevailingwinds Thestrongestwindsinanareaareitsprevailingwinds Aprevailingwindisonethatdestroyseverythinginitspath A C C A 5 Heisacourteousyoungman Healwayssays pleaseandthankyou andrespectsolderpeople A politeB shortC smart6 Usuallyifrestaurantfoodispoorlyprepared Idon tcriticizethewaiter Instead Ireprimandthemanager A speaktoB complaintoC criticizeformally7 Motherwastall fat andmiddleaged Theprincipaloftheschoolwasanoldwoman almostaschubbyasmother andmuchshorter A tallB fatC thin8 Manybusinessmenactonintuition whichisimmediateunderstandingofasituationwithoutconsciouslythinkingaboutit A IntuitionrequirestimeforcarefulstudyB IntuitionisaquickresponsetoasituationC Ifapersonactsonintuition hehasthoughtagooddealaboutwhatheisgoingtodo Let sTry A C B B 9 Weatherexpertssaythatadroughtisimminent likelytooccuratanytimethisyearornext Animminentdangerisonecloseathand Ifadroughtisimminent itwillnotoccurformanyyears Animminentdroughtisnotveryserious 10 Dr BarnardwasamemberofanagriculturalmissiontoIndia agroupofexpertsonbetterfarmingmethods Amissionisagroupofimmigrants Amissionisagroupoftourists Amissionisagroupsentabroadtoprovidehelptoaforeigncountry Let sTry A C 1 Bodymovementincludesmovementsofthehands head feetandlegs posture eyemovements and alltheseaffectthemessage 2 Whenyouareindoubtaboutthemeaningofnon verbalbehavior confirmitwiththesenderandtrynottomake 3 Hehersilenceasgivingconsent 4 Onedaythetruthabouttheseeventswillbe 5 andclothingareimportantandhighlyvisiblepartsofnon verbalcommunication 6 Theartistaskedhismodeltotakeareclining 7 Damageswereat 20 000 8 Onenteringhishouse weatoncehimtobeamanoftaste 9 Shewasthemostbeautifulwomanhehadeverupon II Fillineachoftheblankswiththeappropriatewordorphrasefromthelist Changetheformwherenecessary TextA facialexpressions assumptions misinterpreted revealed Appearance posture assessed perceived gazed TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish 1 毫无疑问 善于倾听的人能与客户保持良好关系 2 如果进行目光交流 你就知道对方是否同意你的意见 3 倾听能让客户感到你对他们以及他们的需求或问题真正地感兴趣 同时倾听也能让他们自我感觉良好 4 在反映说话人的感情和喜爱方面 信息中的非语言部分往往比语言部分更自发 也更诚实 5 握手能表示平等和友好 拍拍肩膀则表示亲密或控制 TextA 1 Thereisnodoubtthatgoodlistenerswillmaintaingoodrelationswithclients 2 Ifyoumaintaineyecontact youcantellwhethertheotherpersonisagreeingwithyouornot 3 Goodlisteningmakesaclientfeelasthoughyouaregenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirneedsorproblems anditalsomakesthemfeelgoodaboutthemselves 4 Thenon verbalpartofamessageoftenrevealsasender sfeelingsandpreferencesmorespontaneouslyandhonestlythantheverbalpart 5 Ahandshakecanexpressequalityorfriendliness whileapatonthearmcanconveyintimacyorcontrol Choosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext 1 NonverbalCommunicationincludesthefollowingexcept A touchB gestureC toneofvoiceD image2 Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue A Voicequalitiessuchasloudness pitchandspeedconveyquitedifferentmeanings B Non verbalcommunicationequalstobodylanguage C Theamountofspaceisinfluencedbyleveloffamiliarity personalitycharacteristics situationalfactors etc D Perfume clothes lipstickandhairpinsreflectthestyleormoodofthewearer FastReading D B 3 Theword proxemics Para7 Line1 mostprobablymeans A intimacyB closenessC thestateofbeingnearinspaceD personalspace4 Peoplemaintainthesmallestspacewhentheyspeakto A strangersB friendsandfamilymembersC intimatesD colleagues5 Ifyouwishtoconveyapositivemessagethroughnon verbalcommunication youshould A speakloudlyB avoidmakingeyecontactC dressappropriatelyD stayveryclosewithbusinessassociatewhenhavingatalkwiththem6 Theword haptics Para9 Line1 mostprobablymeans A communicationB touchC behaviorD interaction FastReading D C C B 1 Hiseyesoveratthesightofher 2 Thelittleboygoingtobedinthedark 3 Anlightseemedtobecomingfromthecastle 4 Thesemissilescanbefiredwithaccuracy 5 Heshowscompleteofhischosensubject 6 Annawasalmostcryingwith 7 Hehadaformusic 8 Acigarettestartedtheforestfire 9 Themusicmemoriesofheryouth 10 I llhelpyouwithyourmathematicsifyou re 11 Hewashighlyatavoidingtrouble 12 Iacigarettetohim II Fillineachoftheblankswiththeappropriatewordorphrasefromthelist Changetheformwherenecessary TextB glazed dreads uncanny pinpoint mastery frustration passion spark evoked stuck adept tossed ColumnAColumnB 1 Ericsson Mobile a Askformore 2 Nikeb AKodakmoment 3 Philipsc Justdoit 4 Kodakd Makeyourselfheard 5 Pepsi colae Let smakethingsbetter 6 Spritef Nobusinesstoosmall noproblemtoobig 7 Toyotag Tide sin dirt sout 8 Colgateh Poetryinmotion dancingclosetome 9 Tidei Obeyyourthirst 10 IBMj Goodteeth goodhealth III MatcheachoftheitemsinColumnAwithitsadvertisementinColumnB TextB 1 Tome thepastisblackandwhite butthefutureisalwayscolor 对我而言 过去平淡无奇 而未来 却是绚烂缤纷 2 Goodtothelastdrop 滴滴香浓 意犹未尽 3 Therelentlesspursuitofperfection 不懈追求完美 4 Intelligenceeverywhere 智慧演绎 无处不在 5 TheworldsmileswithReader sDigest 读者文摘 给全世界带来欢笑 6 Focusonlife 瞄准生活 奥林巴斯相机 7 StartedAhead 成功之路 从头开始 8 Welead Otherscopy 我们领先 他人仿效 TextB IV TranslatingthefollowingadvertisementsintoChinese Gestures posture bodymovementsandtoneofvoicecanconveyimportantinformationthatisn tputintowords Whenwordsfailtomatchupwithnonverbalsignals peopletendtofocusonwhathasbeensaid Ifyouarereallyinterestedinsomething speakwithaflattonetoexpressyourenthusiasm Peopletrytohidesomethinginaconversationwithouteyecontact Staringfixedlyintosomeone seyesisimpolite Whenyouareindoubtaboutthemeaningofnonverbalbehavior trytomakeassumptions You