动词ing形式的用法与练习题(归纳整理,含答案)

动词ing形式的用法 1 ing分词的构成 否定式 not ing nothaving been done不是havingnot been done 2 一般式和完成式的用法 ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的一个动作 完成式表示先于谓语动词动作之前的一个动作 如 Walkingalongthestreet hecaughtsightofanoldfriendofhis Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard hefailedtheexaminations 3 ing分词的被动式 当 ing分词与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时 需要用被动形式 根据 ing分词动作发生的时间 ing分词的被动式分为一般被动式 beingdone 和完成被动式 havingbeendone 如 Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher heworksevenharder 4 ing分词的句法功能 ing分词作主语LearningEnglishhasbecomeapartofhislife Itisnousetryingtorepairtheship Theseholesaremuchtoobig 2 ing分词作宾语以下动词必须跟 ing分词作宾语 admit appreciate avoid consider delay deny dislike enjoy excuse finish image keep mind miss postpone putoff practise risk stand stop suggest giveup cannothelp 避免错过少延期avoidmissputoff postpone建议完成多练习suggestfinishpractise喜欢想像禁不住enjoyimaginecan thelp承认否定与嫉妒admitdenyenvy逃避冒险莫原谅escaperiskexcuse忍受保持不介意standkeepmind Makethemeasierforyoutoremember 英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语 这类动词是 advise delay appreciate consider beworth feellikeetc todosth doingsth forgetrememberregretmeangoonstoptry 忘记去做某事 忘记已经做过某事 记住去做某事 记住曾做过某事 遗憾去做某事 后悔做过某事 打算 想做某事 意味着做某事 做完某事 接着去做另一件事 继续做同一件事 努力去做某事 试着做某事 停下来去做另一件事 停止做一件事 3 ing分词作表语 如 Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic Themusictheyareplayingsoundssoexciting 注 一般来讲 ing分词作表语有两种情况 一是名词性 这时主语和表语可以互换 即 Playingallkindsofmusicisourjob 二是形容词性 表示主语的性质和特征 主表不可互换 4 ing分词作定语可以表示 1 所修饰名词的用途 如 awaitingroom aroomforwaiting 候车室awalkingstick astickforwalking 手杖asleepingcar acarforsleeping 卧车 2 所修饰词的性质特征 如 excitingnews令人激动的消息amovingstory一个令人感动的故事 注 分词短语作定语须放在所修饰词之后 例如 themanstandingatthegate themanwhoisstandingatthegate 另外 ing分词的完成式不能作定语 例如不可以说 Themanhavingwrittenmanybooksisaformerstudentofourschool 应改为Themanwhohaswrittenmanybooksis 3 所修饰名词正在进行的动作 可以换成定语从句形式 如 asleepingchild achildwhoissleeping 正睡觉的孩子awalkingman amanwhoiswalking 正散步的男人 5 在see hear feel watch notice等感官动词后可以用 ing形式做宾语补足语 这时 ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系 并且 ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作 如 Hesawaboyclimbingthetree Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor 有人敲门你听见了吗 区别seesb doingsth是指 看见某人正在做某事 不是全过程 表正在进行seesb dosth是指 看见某人做过某事 是看着事情的发生全过程 是看见某人做某事例句Isawhercleantheclassroom 是说我看到她打扫教室了 强调做过这件事 Isawhercleaningtheclassroom 我看到她正在扫打教室 强调正在做某事 6 ing分词作状语 1 ing分词在句中可以作伴随状语 常放于句后 表示主语正在进行的另一个动作 来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作主要陪衬 如 Theysatinfrontofthebuilding laughingandchatting Heworkedlateyesterday preparingforthelecture 2 ing分词可以作时间状语 常放在句首 如 When Walkinginthestreet Icaughtsightofatailor sshop 3 ing分词可以作原因状语 常放句首 如 Beingill hecan tgotoschool Notknowingheraddress wecouldn tgetintouchwithher Havinglivedinthecityformanyyears heknowsitverywell After Finishingmywork Iwentout Havingtoldusafunnystory theteacherwentontoexplainthetexttous 4 ing分词可以作条件状语 常放句首 Turningtotheright you llfindthepostofficethere 5 ing分词可以作结果状语 常放句末 Heturnedoffthelight seeingnothing 5 ing分词的复合结构物主代词 人称代词 名词所属格或普通名词 ing分词 1 作主语 须用物主代词或名词所属格 His Tom snotbeingchosenmadeusdisappointed 2 作宾语 除了物主代词和名词所有格 也可用普通名词或代词宾格 Hewasawakenedbysomeone sknockingatthedoor Theyhaveneverforgivenusgoingthere Wedon tmindhimexplainingitagain Myfriendcan tunderstandyourtreatinghimlikethat 3 作状语 须用普通名词或主格代词 亦称独立主格结构 Timepermitting we lldealwiththetext Theboywasplayingwithaball hismotherstandingnearby 1 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同 它独立存在 2 名词或代词与后面的分词 形容词 副词 不定式 介词等是主谓关系或动宾关系 3 独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开 Thetestfinished webeganourholiday Whenthetestwasfinished webeganourholiday Themeetinggoneover everyonetiredtogohomeearlier 独立主格结构可在其前加上介词with without Withoutawordmorespoken sheleftthemeetingroom Theboywaswalking withhisfatherfollowing MissSmithenteredtheclassroom bookinhand MissSmithenteredtheclassroom withabookinherhand 在 名词 或代词 介词短语 构成的独立主格结构中 一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词 Notfarfromtheschooltherewasagarden ownerseatedinitplayingchesswithhislittlegrandsoneveryafternoon A itsB whoseC whichD that 分析 此题很容易误选B 汉子你一不小心就会认为它是定语从句 whose在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词owner 但它却不是一个句子 因为没有谓语 seat用作动词时 它总是及物的 其后要么接宾语 要么它就用于被动语态 所以若在seated前加上助动词is 则可以选择B 所以选A 1 Hewrotealotofnovels manyof translatedintoforeignlanguages A itB themC whichD that 2 Hewrotealotofnovels manyof weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages A itB themC whichD that第 1 应选B 因为句中的translated是过去分词若选C 则该从句无谓语 第 2 应选C 该句是典型的定语从句 因为该句修饰的是前面的novels 即指物 所以只能用which做of的宾语 请记住定语从句有逗号 不用that 3 Hewrotealotofnovels andmanyof weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages A itB themC whichD that 分析 此题与上面的第 2 题不同 两句间多了一个并列连词and 说明这是一个并列句 故应选B 则不能选C ThereImetseveralpeople twoof beingforeigners A whichB themC whomD that 2 ThereImetseveralpeople twoof wereforeigners A WhichB whomC whoD that 3 ThereImetseveralpeople andtwoof wereforeigners A whichB themC whomD that 4 There nothingmoretodo Mr Goodmanleftforhome A WasB beingC tobeD hadbeing 独立主格结构 非限制性定语从句 两个句子 独立主格结构 B moreattention thetreecouldhavegrownbetterA GivenB TogiveC GivingD Havinggiven2 areply hedecidedtowriteagain A NotreceivingB ReceivingnotC NothavingreceivedD Havingnotreceived3 Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight alongspeechforthepresident A toprepareB preparingC preparedDwaspreparing B A C toprepare表目的意思上并不错但通常不用逗号隔开 5 ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere A havingaddedB toaddC addingD added C 6 Can tyouread Marysaid tothenotice A angrilypointingB andpointedangrilyC angrilypointedD andangrilypointing8 Thecomputercenter lastyear isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool A openB openingC havingopenedD opened9 Thefirsttextbooks forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury A havingwrittenB tobewrittenC beingwrittenD written A D D Open有形容词和动词之分 动词有主被动 还有close 11 Doyouknowtheboy underthebigtree A layB lainC layingD lying12 Therewasaterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight A followedB followingC tobefollowedD beingfollowed13 Goodmorning canIhelpyou I dliketohavethispackage madam A beweighedB tobeweighedC toweighD weighed14 Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn tmakehimself A hearB tohearC hearingD heard D D D B 15 Themissingboyswerelastseen neartheriver A playingB tobeplayingC playD toplay16 Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught andletheroff A tohavestolenB tobestealingC tostealD stealing A别人看到时正在玩耍 而非全过程 D 补充完girl的定语从句 whoiscaughtstealing其中whois可以省略也可以加上 becaughtdoingsth是固定句型 意思是某人被撞者做某事 放到句中 就是被抓到偷东西 17 Themurdererwasbroughtin withhishands behindhisback A beingtiedB havingtiedC tobetiedD tied19 Shesetoutsoonafterdark homeanhourlater arrivingB toarriveC havingarrivedD andarrived D D 20 Johnwasmade thetruckforaweekasapunishment A towashB washingC washD tobewashing21 Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget bythehour A payB payingC paidD topay22 Mr Smithwarnedherdaughter afterdrinking A nevertodriveB toneverdriveC neverdrivingD everdrive C A A warnsb not todosth 警告某人 不要 干某事warnsb about ofsth 提醒 警告某人注意某事 makesb dobemadetodo 25 Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries itthemostpopularsportintheworld A makingB makesC madeD tomake26 Shepretended mewhenIpassedby A nottoseeB notseeingC tonotseeD havingnotseen27 Ratherthan onacrowdedbus healwaysprefers abicycle A ride rideB riding rideC ride torideD toride riding A A C 28 LittleJimshouldlove tothetheatrethismorning A tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking shoudloveto等于woudliketo 后边跟动词原形 Jim是被带进剧院的 用被动语态 所以选A 29 Iwouldlove tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport A togoB tohavegoneC goingD havinggone31 Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident losehisjob A sonotastoB soasnottoC soastonotD notsoasto B B 33 Thelightintheofficeisstillon Oh Iforgot A turningitoffB turnitoffC toturnitoffD havingturneditoff34 IcanhardlyimagePeter acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays A sailB tosailC sailingD tohavesailed C C 必加ing形式的动词 35 Iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon A youtocallB youcallC yourcallingD you recalling37 isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold A ThewalkB WalkingC TowalkD Walk38 Imustapologizefor aheadoftime That sallright A lettingyounotknowB notlettingyouknowC lettingyouknownotD lettingnotyouknow C B B 42 Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting Well nowIregret that A todoB tobedoingC doneD havingdone43 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim A nottoB nottodoC notdoitD donotto D A B这是一个省略式的回答 用to来表示动词的省略 若选A 必须是完整的 nottodothat 因为do是及物动词 例如 Wouldyouliketogowithme I dliketo 44 Thepatientwaswarned oilyfoodaftertheoperation A toeatnotB eatingnotC nottoeatD noteating45 inthought healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim A LosingB HavinglostC LostD Tolost46 Robertissaid abroad butIdon tknowwhatcountryhestudied A tohavestudiedB tostudyC tobestudyingD tohavebeenstudying C C A Belostinsth是沉醉 沉迷 迷失于 studied 48 WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor Sorrytomissyou willcalllater readB readsC toreadD reading49 Thesentencewants oncemore A explainedB explainingC beingexplainedD toexplain D B wantdoing wanttobedone needrequire都可以用主动的形式表示被动如Thetreesneedwatering Thetreesneedtobewatered 51 fromsomanyapple Ithink theseonthetablearemuchbetterthantheothers A HavingchosenB ChosenC BeingchosenD Choose52 Herskirthasbecomeloose Sheseems weight A toloseB thatshehaslostC tohavelostD tobelosing53 Thehighway tothecityisunderrepairnow A leadsB ledC toleadD leading B C D 54 Did ontimemaketheteacherangry A shenotcomeB shenottocomeC nothercomingD hernotcoming55 YoucanneverimagethegreattroubleIhavehad