高考英语中常见易混句型辨析.doc

天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！全国通用高考英语中常见易混句型辨析2001年高考中有这么一道单项选择题：is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What此题的答案为B, as 在这引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰后面这句内容。但有学生不明白为什么不选A或D。这就说明他们对一些句型结构分辨不清，我们把题目做以下变化：(1) is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2) is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.(1)题答案为A。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。再如：The Foreign Minister said，“ _ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is (D)_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It (D)而(2)题答案为 D，what在此引导一个主语从句，它在从句当中又充当主语，而后面的that引导的从句则是表语从句。再如： _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What (B)_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As (D)_is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It (B)所以易混句型是广大学生学习中的一个难点，也是高考中的一个重点内容，不但在单项选择题中出现，而且在短文改错中，完型填空中也有涉及。笔者连续任教高三毕业班，根据对教材，教学大纲、考试大纲以及对历年的特别是近年的练习题、高考模拟题、高考试题进行分 析、研究和归纳，总结出以下常见易混句型，加以辨析，供同学们参考，不足之处请同行指正。一、(1) It was 3 years _ he came back. (2) It was 3 years ago _ he came back. (3) It is 3 years _ he came back. A. since B. that C. when D. before辨析：(1)题答案为D.意为“过了三年，他才回来。”It在此表时间，特别注意，主、从句时态的一致。再如：But it will be more than 100years before the country begins once again to look as it did before.(SEFC, SB2A ,P64)此复合句中的从句中用一般现在时表将来动作。Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. after C. before D. when (C)(2)题答案为B。是强调句型。此句型特点是可以还原。如此句可还原成He came back 3 years ago.再如：It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it (B)It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. until C. before D. when (A)(3)题答案为A. since表从过去到现在为止。二、(1)It was midnight _ he returned home. (2)It was at midnight _ he returned home. A. when B. that C. before D. since辨析：(1)题答案可为A. when引导时间状语从句。“It”在此表时间。再如：It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A. that B. while C. which D. when (D)(1)题答案也可为C,意为“他还没回到家就已经是半夜了。” 再如：It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.A. that B. until C. since D. before (D)(2)题答案是B。强调句式。三、(1) A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of _ women.(2) A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, and most of _ women. (3) A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of _are women.A. them B. them are C. whom D. that辨析：(1)题答案选A.为独立主格结构，起补充说明的作用。Most of them 与women构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 (2)题答案为B. and连接两个并列句。(3)题答案为C. whom引导一个非限制性定语从句，起补充作用。再如：He paid the boy 10for washing ten windows, most of _hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.A. these B. those C. that D. which (D)四、(1)_ hard he works, he wont succeed.(2) Hard_ he works, he wont succeed.(3)_ he works hard, he wont succeed.(4)_his hard work, he wont succeed.(5) He works hard; he wont succeed, _. A . although (though) B. However (however) C. As (as) D. In (in) spite of E. Although (although)辨析：(1)题答案为B。however hard等于No matter how hard引导让步状语从句。再如：Well have to finish the job, _.A. long it takes however B. it takes however longC. long however it takes D. however long it takes (D)If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,_ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever (C )You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do.Ahowever B. no matter C. although D. whatever (A)(2)题答案为A或C。as与 though引导让步状语从句用倒装语序。再如：_, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much (C)(3)题答案为A或E。引导让步状语从句。再如：Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. A. unless B. since C. although D. when (C)(4)题答案为D。in spite of 为短语介词，后接名词，做让步状语。(5)题答案为A或B。though与 however做副词，意为“然而，却”。五、(1) Is this school _ you visited the other day? (2)Is this this school _ you visited the other day? (3)Is this school _ you worked two years ago? (4)Is this the school _ you worked two years ago?A. which B. where C. what D. the one E. in which辨析：题(1)答案为C或 D。选C，what引导表语从句，在从句中做宾语，选D，the one做先行词， you visited the other day为定语从句。再如：A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.A. what B. which C. that D. where (A)Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited (A)Perseverance is a kind of quality -and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A. what B. that C. which D. why (A)(2)题答案为A。 which 引导定语从句，在从句中充当 visited宾语。再如：York,_ last year, is a nice old city.A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited (B)(3)题答案为B，where引导表语从句，在从句中做状语，可译为 “的地方”. 再如：You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree.A. why B. where C. what D. how (B)(4)题答案为B或E，引导定语从句，在从句中充当状语。再如：I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. how B. which C. where D. that (C)I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.A. why B. which C. as D. where (D)We will be shown around the city, schools, museums and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go.A. what B. which C. where D. when (C)六、(1) This is such an interesting work of art_ all of us like. (2) This is such an interesting work of art_ all of us like it.A. that B. which C. as D. when 辨析：(1)题答案为C. “suchas”结构，as引导定语从句，在从句中做宾语。再如：These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which (B)(2)题答案为A ，“suchthat”结构，that引导结果状语从句。七、(1)Chaplin, for _ life had once been very hard, directed a film about the workers life in an American factory.(SEFC,2A, P29).(2)Chaplin,_ life had once been very hard, directed a film about the workers life in an American factory.A. who B. that C. whom D. whose辨析：(1)题答案为C. whom引导非限制性定语从句，做前置介词的宾语。再如: (2000)The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom (B)(2)题答案为D。 whose引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做定语。再如： Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous? A. its B. its C. whose D which (C)八、(1)He was ill, _ he was absent from school. (2)He was ill, _ reason he was absent from school. (3)He was ill, and _ reason he was absent from school. (4)He was ill. Thats _ he was absent from school. (5He was absent from school. Thats _ he was ill. (6)I dont believe the reason _ he was absent from school. (7)I dont believe the reason _ he explained for his absence from school. A. which B. for which C. for that D. because of which E. because F. why(1)题答案为D。 which 引导非限制定语从句，修饰前面整个句子内容(He was ill)再如：Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _ ,of course, made the others envy him.A. who B. that C. what D. which (D)Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_, of course, made the others unhappy.A. who B. which C. this D. what (B)The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadnt expected.A. when B. that C. which D. what (C)(2)题答案为B。which 引导非限制定语从句，在从句中做定语。for reason为固定搭配。(3)题答案为C。and 连接两个并列分句。(4)题答案为F。why引导名词性从句，（表语从句），可译为“的原因”再如：(NMET1999)-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where (A)(5)题答案为E。because 表原因。再如：Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.A. because B. though C. unless D. if (A)(6)题答案为B或 F。why = for which引导定语从句，在从句中做状语。 (7)题答案为A。which引导定语从句，在从句中做宾语。九、(1)_ made his teacher angry. (2)_, his teacher got angry. (3)_, which made his teacher angry.A. He being late B. His being late C. He was late D. His late辨析：(1) 题答案为B。-ing 形式复合结构His being late在句中做主语。(2)题答案为A 。He being late 为独立主格结构，在句中做状语。(3)题答案为C。为一个完整的句子，which引导非限制性定语从句修饰这个句子。十、(1) It was not until 12 oclock _home. (2) Not until 12 oclock_ home. A. did he return B. he returned C. that he returned D. that did he return辨析：(1)题答案为C。为强调句式。再如：It was not _ she took off her dark glass _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then (B)It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcasts began.A. while B. which C. that D. since (C)(2)题答案为A。否定词提前，句子用倒装语序。再如：Not a single song _at yesterdays party.A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing (C )Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized (B)Not until all the fish died in the river_ how serious the problem was.A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize (A)十一、(1) I dont know _ will go this time. (2) You can give the book to _ you like. (3) You can give the book to _ likes it. . (4) You can give the book to _ of them likes it (5) Ill try my best to help him, _ turns to me for help.A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. whichever E. no matter who辨析：(1)题答案为C。who引导宾语从句。在从句中做主语。(2)题答案为B。whomever (=anyone who)引导宾语从句，在从句中做宾语。(3)题答为A。whoever(=anyone who) 引导宾语从句，在从句中做主语。再如：_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C Anyone D. Whoever (D) (4)题答案为D, whichever强调一定范围之内的选择。再如：Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late. A. any, who B. every, whoever C. whichever, whoever D. either, whoever (C)(5)题答案为A或E，此时whoever = no matter who,引导让步状语从句。十二、 (1) I dont know _ they are getting on with their studies. (2) I dont know _ they are getting on well with their studies.A. what B. that C. how D. whether辨析：(1)题答案为C，意为“学习进展怎样”。(2) 题答案为D，意为“学习是否进展好”。十三、(1) Im thinking of _ we can do for the people. (2) Im thinking of _ we can do more for the people. A. if B. that C. what D. how(1)题答案为C，what引导宾语从句，在从句中做do的宾语。再如：People have heard what the president has said; they are waiting to see _ he will do,A. how B. what C. when D. that (B)-I thinking its going to be a big problem. - Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. that (C)(2)题答案为D，how引导宾语从句，在从句中做状语。再如(do的宾语是 more) ，另外，if（是否）引导宾语从句不做介词的宾语。十四、(1)_ he said made us very surprised. (2)_ he said so made us very surprised. A. That B. What C. If D. Whether(1)题答案为B， what引导主语从句，在从句中做said的宾语。再如：_ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What, why B. That, what C. What , because D. Why, that (A)_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what (A)(2)题答案为A 。That 引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分(said的宾语是 so)。十五、(1)_ his wifes being there, I said nothing about it. (2)_ his wife was there, I said nothing about it. (3)_ his wife there, I said nothing about it. A. Because B. With C. Because of D. for辨析：(1)题选C,-ing形式复合结构his wifes being there做Because of的宾语(2)题选A, Because引导原因状语从句(3)题选B, With 后接复合宾语，做原因状语。再如：_ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.A. With B .Besides C .As for D .Because of (A)_ production up by 60, the company has had another excellent year.A. As B. For C. With D. Though (C)十六、(1) “He worked late into the night.” “_”. (2) “You missed the early bus yesterday morning.” “_”. (3) I promised to buy him a pen and _.A. So I did B. So did I C. I did so D. I so did辨析：(1)题的答案为B， So did I 表“我也同样如此”。(2)题的答案为A， So I did 表“我的确如此/是这样”。再如：- You forgot your purse when you went out.- Good heavens, _.A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did (B)(3)题答案为C， I did so表“我（按别人的要求或自己的许诺）那么做了”。十七、(1) It is high time (that ) we _ a film. (2)It is the first time (that)we _ the film. (3)It was for the first time that we _the film.A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see辨析：(1)题的答案为B，用虚拟语气，全句意思为“我们早该看一场电影了。” （2）题的答案为C，要用现在完成时（到现在为止）。全句意思是“我们是第一次看这部电影。”再如：“Do you know our town at all?”“No, this is the first time I _ here.”A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (B)(3)题答案为B，强调句式。十八、(1) I have never seen _film (than this). (2) This is _ film (that) Ive ever seen.A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best辨析：(1)题的答案为A，比较级形式表示最高级的含义。再如：How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _. A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice (D)Are you satisfied with her answer?-Not at all. It couldnt have been _.A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst (A)Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _IQ.A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest (B)(2)题的答案为D。最高级。十九、(1) Have you heard of the news that the English test _ until next Wednesday? (2)H