3非谓语动词1.doc

湘 西 民 族 职 业 技 术 学 院 备 课 用 纸（每节、每课或连排2课时）课题: Non-infinite Verb讲授节数2授课班级11-3 高计2班11-3 高旅1班11-3高机械1班授课日期教学目的要求：1. Master the grammar “Non-infinite Verb”2. To improve students listening abilities教学重点：1. Master the grammar “Non-infinite Verb”2. To improve students listening abilities教学难点：1. To use “Non-infinite Verb” freely2. To improve students listening abilities作业布置：Textbook P.101 Preview Non-infinite Verb教具：a book, a tape recorder and the blackboard教学过程转下页课后小结：By learning this lesson, students have learnt the grammar “Non-infinite Verb”. They can use the grammar to solve the problems in the exercises. Teaching proceduresStep 1 Greeting Greet the whole class as usual. Step 2 Review Revise the old lessons learnt in the last periods.Step 3 Examination point 非谓语动词在英语应用能力试中所占比例最大，每年至少有3道题目，最多达到6道题目，广大考生应给予高度重视。 考察重点：动名词的用法；现在分词与过去分词的区别；不定式的用法；与非谓语动词有关的固定搭配要认真学习，牢固掌握。Step 4 Non-infinite Verb. 概述非谓语动词顾名思义就是不做谓语的动词，包括动词不定式、动名词和分词，在句中可以做主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语或表语。非谓语动词所具备的形式:主动被动不定式to doto have doneto be doingto be doneto have been doneto be being done现在分词doinghaving done(只做状语)being donehaving been done(可做宾语和状语)过去分词-done(不做主语和宾语). 做主语1. 意义：to do和doing一般不区分，但doing侧重表示一般或抽象的多次的经常性的行为；而to do则侧重具体的或一次性的行为eg. Playing with fire is dangerous. (泛指玩火)To play with fire will be dangerous. (指一具体动作)2. 当it做形式主语时:为了避免头重脚轻，经常把这种句式转化为由it引导的形式主语。eg.: Eating good food with friends can make us feel happy.To eat good food with friends can make us feel happy. It can make us feel happy eating (to eat) good food. 和朋友美餐一顿可以使我们感到快乐。 Getting out of a bad mood may be easier than you think.To get out of a bad mood may be easier than you think. It may be easier to get out of (getting out of ) a bad mood than you think. 摆脱不良情绪比你想象的要容易。 To see a film today will be very exciting. It will be very exciting to see a film today 今天去看场电影会让人感到非常兴奋。大部分情况下用to do做真正的主语，eg. It is important to learn English.用doing做真正主语的有以下几个结构：It is (no) good doing sth.It is (no) use (useless, of little use, no good, dangerous)doing sth.eg. Its no use crying over spilt milk. ( Proverb) 覆水难收。It is (no) fun doing sth. 做宾语a) 只能接to do的(to be done/to have done/to have been done)afford, agree, aim(打算), arrange(安排), choose, decide, demand(要求), desire(要求), determine(决定), expect(盼望), fail(失败), happen, help, hope, intend(打算), learn, manage(努力), offer(提供), plan(计划), pretend(假想), prepare, promise(答应), refuse, require, seek(请求), wish, would like2. 只能接doing的(being done)admit(承认), advise, allow, appreciate(赞赏), avoid(避免), bear, be busy, cant help, complete, consider, delay, deny(否认), dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forbid(禁止), give up, hate, keep, keep on, imagine(想象), insist on(坚持), mind(介意), miss, pardon, permit, practice, stand, suggest,3. 两者都能接的：1）意义不同的：cant helpcant help doing 忍不住做某事cant help to do 不能帮忙做某事forgetforget doing 忘记做过 （已做了）；forget to do 忘记要做 （未做）go ongo on doing /go on with +N, 继续做（相同的事）；go on to do 接着做 （不同的事）like/ love/ preferlike, love, prefer doing 习惯性地喜欢做某事like, love, prefer to do 在特定情况下的喜做某事meanmean doing sth. 意味着; 主语为物mean to do sth. 打算做某事; 主语为人need/ want/ requireneed/want/require doing (需要被做=need to be done)need/want/require to do sth. 需要做某事regretregret doing 后悔以前做过的事情regret to do 很遗憾要做某事rememberremember doing 记得做过（已做了）；remember to do 记得要做（未做）stopstop to do 停下来做另一件事stop doing 停止原有的动作trytry doing 试着在做try to do 设法去做2）意思相同的：continue, intend, start, begin (begin如果本身是进行时态时，其后只能接不定式。). 做表语1. 意义：主动被动意义to doto have doneto be doneto have been done（固定搭配中）将来完成doingbeing done进行-done被动完成2. adj.化的非谓语动词-ed/-ing-ed表示的是感到的：excited, interested, moved, inspired, -ing表示的是令人的：exciting, interesting, moving, inspiring, 3. 动名词做表语，表示经常发生的事情 My job is nursing. 我的工作是护理病人。 (与进行时态的区别在于动名词与主语是可逆的。也就是说，我们同样可以说Nursing is my job. 但是He is teaching.中的teaching和he就不能颠倒位置。)4.不定式做表语表示具体某次的行为Your homework today is to do the exercises on Page 10.你们今天的作业是做第10页上的练习。5.现在分词做表语表主语的特征；过去分词做表语表示主语的状态 经常用现在分词或过去分词做表语的动词主要有：excite (使兴奋), encourage (鼓舞), move (使感动), astonish (使吃惊), surprise (使吃惊), frighten (使害怕), bore (使厌倦), tire (使厌倦), disappoint (使失望), interest(使感兴趣), worry(使着急)，puzzle (使迷惑), shock (使震惊), satisfy(使满意)等。The book is very interesting, and I am very interested in it.这本书非常有趣, 我对它非常感兴趣。 The dark night