英语：Unit 3Fairness for allGrammar课件新人教版选修10.ppt

高考英语时态与语态复习 教学目标 解题方法 1 完成时态题2 语境推断题3 被动语态题 高考试题分析 1 湖北卷 hewashopingtogoabroadbuthisparents thattheywon tsupporthimunlesshecanborrowmoneyfromthebank a weredecidingb havedecidedc decidedd willdecide 解析 父母做的决定对现在造成的影响 完成时表示动作结果造成的影响 所以用完成时 2 广东卷 yearsagowedidn tknowthis butrecentscience thatpeoplewhodon tsleepwellsoongetill a showedb hasshownc willshowd isshowing解析 现代科学对现在造成的影响 选b 3 江苏卷 they ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeijoinedthem andnowwe itasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar a hadbeenworking arestillworkingb hadworked werestillworkingc havebeenworking haveworkedd haveworked arestillworking解析 过去完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直进行 并对现在产生影响 正在进行时表示从现在开始并一直继续 选a 4 全国卷1 thecoffeeiswonderful itdoesn ttastelikeanythingi before a washavingb havec haveeverhadd hadeverhad解析 同上 5 浙江卷 mybrotherisanactor he inseveralfilmssofar a appearsb appearedc hasappearedd isappearing解析 同上 现在完成时 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响 即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况 wearegoodfriends 现在的情况 iknewhimin1997 过去的动作 wehaveknowneachothersince1997 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在 shehasbeentobeijing 现在已不在北京 从结果上和现在联系起来 shehasbeeninbeijingfortwoyears 现在仍在北京 从时间上和现在联系起来 现在完成时的三种基本用法 1 未完成用法 表示动作或状态开始于过去 一直延续到现在 可能继续发展 也可能刚刚结束 如 hehasbeeninthearmyfortenyears ihavestudiedenglishsince1980 hehaslivedhereallhislife a be live study都是延续性动词 b 常用的时间状语 since for inthepastfewyears sofar allhislife 2 反复性用法 表示过去到现在这段时间内反复发生的动作 如 ihavebeentothecitytwicethisweek ihaveoftenwonderedwhereshegetshermoneyallthesedays 这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联系 3 完成性用法 表示动作或状态到说话时已经完成 通常所产生的结果把过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来 如 hehasgonetoshanghai 他已经去了上海 结果 他已不在这儿 heisnotherenow 练习1 canyoumakesure thegoldring a wherealicehadputb wherehadaliceputc wherealicehasputd wherehasaliceput 解析 过去发生的 放 的动作对现在的影响 究竟金戒指现在 在哪里 选d 练习2 wheniwasatcollegei threeforeignlanguages buti allexceptafewwordsofeach a spoke hadforgottenb spoke haveforgottenc hadspoken hadforgottend hadspoken haveforgotten 解析 但都忘了 是现在的情况 要用现在完成时 强调结果选b 高考试题分析 6 江西卷 hurryup aliceandsuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate oh ithoughttheywithoutme a wentb aregoingc havegoned hadgone 解析 离开 动作在 认为 之前 7 湖北卷 whentheoldman towalkbacktohishouse thesun itselfbehindthemountain a started hadalreadyhiddenb hadstarted hadalreadyhiddenc hadstarted washidingd wasstarting hid 解析 太阳 落山 在老师 回家 之前 8 北京卷 he morethat5 000englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15 a haslearnedb wouldhavelearnedc learnedd hadlearned 过去完成时的用法 过去完成时是一种与过去时相比较而存在的时态 用以表示 过去的过去 的动作或状态 练习1 tomdidn tgotohearthesingerbecausehe him heardwouldhearc hasheardd hadheard 练习2 sorry i veeatenupthefood i thathewouldn tbeback thinkwasthinkinghadthoughtd thought 练习3 whenjackarrived helearnedmary foralmostanhour hadgonehadsetoffhadlefthadbeenaway 练习4 hiswife tocatchthefirsttrainbutshewastoolate hopinghadhopedhashopedwouldhope 解析 hadhoped意为 原希望 常用于这一结构的动词有 think want plan suppose intend 高考试题分析 9 天津卷 bythetimejanegetshome heraunt forlondontoattendameeting a willleaveb leavesc willhaveleftd left 解析 by 过去时间 by 现在时间 by 现在时间 过去完成时 现在完成时 将来完成时 10 北京卷 assoonashecomesback i lltellhimwhen andseehim a youwillcomeb willyoucomec youcomed doyoucome 11 北京卷 scientiststhinkthatthecontinents alwayswherethey today a aren t areb aren t werec weren t ared weren t were 有时间状语的语境 解析 when引导的是宾语从句 12 全国卷1 whatwouldyoudoifit tomorrow wehavetocarryiton sincewe vegoteverythingready a rainb rainsc willraind israining 13 重庆卷 what swrongwithyourcoat justnowwheniwantedtogetoffthebus themannexttome onit a satb hadsatc hadbeensittingd wassitting 14 上海卷 atlast wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand downtoeatourpicniclunch a sittingb havingsatc tositd sat 解析 and前后的并列谓语 干扰性时间状语 15 全国卷3 didyoutelljuliaabouttheresult oh no iforgot i hernow a willbecallingb willcallc calld amtocall 解析 will v原 表临时性决定或打算 16 重庆卷 whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends thefilm quiteearly sowe tothebookstoreafterthat a finished aregoingb finished goc finishes aregoingd finishes go 无时间状语的语境推断 17 湖南卷 ifthetraffichadn tbeensoheavy icouldhavebeenhackby6o clock whatapity tina heretoseeyou a isb wasc wouldbed hasbeen 解析 说话的时间是现在 但讲的是过去的事情 18 全国卷3 listentothetwogirlsbythewindow whatlanguage a didtheyspeakb weretheyspeakingc aretheyspeakingd havetheybeenspeaking 19 浙江卷 areyoustillbusy yes i mywork anditwon ttakelong a justfinishb amjustfinishingc havejustfinishedd amjustgoingtofinish 解析 进行时表将来 20 辽宁卷 susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn twantherparentstoknowwhatshe a hasdoneb haddonec wasdoingd isdoing 21 湖南卷 sinceiwonthebigprize mytelephonehasn tstoppedringing people toask howiamgoingtospendthemoney a phoneb willphonec werephoningd arephoning 练习1 mr smith thisweek no heisonholiday a has workedb does workc did workd is working 练习2 howcanyouborrowmycomputerwithoutmypermission oh i totellyou ihopeyoudon tmind a forgetb forgotc hadforgottend amforgetting 练习3 willyoupleaserepeatyouridea certainly butithinkitcertainyou yourattention a don tpayb didn tpayc weren tpayingd aren tpaying 练习4 whyisthelibrarianlookingsohardatme you toreadaloudinthereadingroom a don tsupposeb haven tsupposedc arenotsupposedd werenotsupposed 被动语态 简单型 22 全国卷1 thehero sstory differentlyinthenewspapers a wasreportedb wasreportingc reportsd reported 23 上海卷 morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool aroundtostudymedicinelastyear a sentb weresentc hadsentd hadbeensent 被动语态 时态 语态混合型 24 重庆卷 millionsofpounds worthofdamage byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofenglandlastnighta hasbeencausedb hadbeencausedc willbecausedd willhavebeencaused 25 北京卷 whydidyouleavethatposition i abetterpositionatibm a offerb offeredc amofferedd wasoffered 26 广东卷 thepoliceman sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich placedundertheminister scar a hasbeenb wasbeingc hadbeend wouldbe 解析 盒子的 放 在警察 注意 之前 27 辽宁卷 monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea which thepacific andwemetnostorms a wascalledb iscalledc hadbeencalledd hasbeencalled 被动语态 语态与主谓一致 28 山东卷 withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed hugequantitiesofgoodearth eachyear a iswashingawayb isbeingwashedawayc arewashingawayd arebeingwashedaway 解析 quantitiesof n u c 作主语 谓语用复数ahuge largequantityof n 作主语 谓语用单数 1 harryseemslikenormalboy buthislifeismiserable hisparents be deadandhe live withafamilythat treat himbadly harry be veryunhappyand notknow whattodoabouthislife hislife