where引导的定语从句的先行词.doc

where引导的定语从句的先行词先看几道高考试题：1. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. that B. where C. which D. who2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.A. when B. whose C. which D. where4. Today, well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where5. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she had to decide what to do.A. that B. what C. which D. where归纳 常见的抽象先行词有case/ condition/ point/ position/ situation/ scene/activity/job/race 【模拟训练】1.I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 2. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 3. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . A. why B. where C. how D. /. 4. What do you think of teaching, Bob ? I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. which C. when D. that 5. Ill give you my friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. A. which B. when C. whom D. where 6. All the neighbors admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. A. why B. where C. which D. that 7. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that 8.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. A. where B. by which C. which D. that 二先行词为具体的地点名词1. Stephen hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose 2. -Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut ? -You should try the barbers _ I go. its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that 3. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain . A, when B. that C. where D. there 4. New York, _ last year is a nice old city. A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited 5. Is this the house _ Shakespeare was born? A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which 6. There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. whereB. which C. whenD. that 7. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where 介词 + 关系代词一、“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句基本构成：“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词主要是which, whom, whose 1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，关系代词不能省略。 This is the hero of whom we are proud. This is the house in which my grandfather once lived This is the boss in whose shop I worked for 10 months.二、“介词+ 关系代词”中的介词的确定方法： （一）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词与介词搭配，构成动词短语。【典例】1. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction _ she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which2. -Why does she always ask you for help? - There is no one else _, is there? A. who to turn to B to whom. she can turn C .for whom to turnD. for her to turn （二）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。例如：The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about)The teacher of whom the students in our class are fond is Mr. Wang, our English teacher. (be fond of)（三）根据定语从句所修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when, where, why 替换。【典例】1. We went through a period_ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. what B. whose C. in which D. with which2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that（四）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。【典例】1. She was educated at Beijing University , _ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. A. after that B. from that C. from which D. after which2. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained. A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which 三、“介词+ 关系代词”引导定语从句扩展形式（一）“不定代词介词关系代词”结构 用于这个结构中的代词主要是 both，all，much，many，（a）few，（a）little，none，some，several，most等不定代词，而其后的介词多用of。这种结构常用来引导非限制性定语从句，有时候也可把“of关系代词which/whom”置于代词前。【典例】1. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that 2. Last week，only two people came to look at the house， wanted to buy it. Anone of them Bboth of them Cnone of whom Dneither of whom3. I have many friends, _some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom（二）“the名词介词关系代词”结构 这个结构在引出的定语从句中作主语时，要注意谓语动词数的问题，分清关系代词所代表的先行词与介词前各成分数量的关系或性质。注意这种结构中“介词关系代词”所构成的介词短语修饰前面的名词，名词也可以放在关系代词之后。例如： 【典例】1. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands of C. which the hands ofD. the hands of which2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _the sailing time was 226 days. A of which B during which C from which D for which 3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose（三）“数词介词关系代词” 结构 【典例】1. I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine A on which B in which C of which D from which （四）“the形容词比较级（最高级）介词关系代词”结构 这里的形容词多用比较级或最高级形式，因为形容词前有定冠词the，实际上这个形容词相当于名词。【典例】 There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which（五）“介词whose 名词”结构 【典例】1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what （六）“介词 which 名词”结构【典例】 Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time 牛刀小试1.The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom2.Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which3.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which4.Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which5.Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series.A. them B. that C. which D. what6.In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them7.She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these8.Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 9. Its a family of five, are addicted to the Internet. A. all of them B. all of whom C. which D. those 2009052610. On his 10th birthday, Marty ma